# Una pàgina de còmic a doble pàgina

> Un :::page amb la marca spread estén una sola divisió sobre dues pàgines encarades: una panoràmica creua el llom i la tira de sota es parteix al plec.

- Versió HTML: https://postext.dev/ca/cookbook/comic-double-spread
- Recepta Núm. 154 · Còmic i manga · Nivell 2 (Intermedi) · Sortides: Canvas, PDF
- Gèneres: Còmics
- Requereix postext ≥ 1.21.0, postext-pdf ≥ 1.21.0 · provada amb 1.21.0, postext-pdf 1.21.0 el 2026-10-07
- Pàgines: [2](https://postext.dev/cookbook/comic-double-spread/ca/p01.webp?v=ea72c3e6), [3](https://postext.dev/cookbook/comic-double-spread/ca/p02.webp?v=ea72c3e6)
- PDF: https://postext.dev/cookbook/comic-double-spread/ca/comic-double-spread.pdf?v=ea72c3e6
- Obre al Sandbox: https://postext.dev/ca/sandbox#recipe=comic-double-spread&lang=ca (.postext: https://postext.dev/cookbook/comic-double-spread/ca/comic-double-spread.postext)
- Última actualització: 2026-10-07
- Altres idiomes: [en](https://postext.dev/en/cookbook/comic-double-spread.md), [es](https://postext.dev/es/cookbook/comic-double-spread.md), [pt](https://postext.dev/pt/cookbook/comic-double-spread.md), [zh](https://postext.dev/zh/cookbook/comic-double-spread.md), [ja](https://postext.dev/ja/cookbook/comic-double-spread.md), [ar](https://postext.dev/ar/cookbook/comic-double-spread.md)

## En poques paraules

Un còmic muntat sobre dues pàgines encarades com si fossin una: un dibuix ample d'un mercat ple de gent travessa el centre del llibre i a sota hi ha tres vinyetes.

## Què compondràs

La segona història de l'àlbum del [Nº 152](https://postext.dev/ca/cookbook/tebeo-album-page.md), *Avi!*, explicada en dues pàgines encarades. Un dissabte de desembre el mercat és ple de gom a gom i la Lola perd el seu avi entre la gent. La meitat de dalt de la doble pàgina és una sola panoràmica de 432 mm: la Lola, petitona, a l'esquerra de tot; en Paco buscant-la a la dreta de tot, i entre tots dos el passadís del mercat, que va a parar al plec. A sota, tres vinyetes: la Lola sola entre cames, en Paco xiulant dalt d'una caixa de fruita i el retrobament, amb la boina pels aires. La divisió s'escriu una vegada per a les dues pàgines, així que la panoràmica creua el llom i el carrer de la tira de sota cau al plec. L'original és en castellà; les edicions en anglès, català, xinès, àrab i japonès retolen la mateixa doble pàgina.

**Aquesta recepta respon a:**

- Com estenc una pàgina de còmic a doble pàgina?

## La resposta curta

```js
// script.js, línies 40–53
// The content writes :::page{spread split="55 / * [25 | 25 | *]"}: one frame from the verso's
// outer margin to the recto's (the inner margins drop out), split as one page. The panorama
// crosses the spine; the line at 50 % of the lower tier is the spine itself, so its gutter
// straddles the fold and no panel is cut by it.
const comics = {
  gutter: { horizontal: mm(5), vertical: mm(4) }, // 2 mm of white on each side of the fold
  panel: { borderWidth: pt(0.75), borderColor: col('ink'), background: col('paper') },
  lettering: { fontFamily: LETTER, fontSize: pt(LATIN ? 9.5 : 8.5), lineHeight: 1.1,
    color: col('ink') },
  runningHeads: true, // folios on both halves
};
// A spread opens on a verso, an even page. Page 1 of a document is a recto, so the engine
// would leave it blank and start on page 2; this episode continues an album at page 2.
const continuation = { pageIndexOffset: 1, pageNumbering: { startAt: 2 } };
```

## Ingredients

**Ensenya**

- [Dobles pàgines de còmic](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/comics.md#dobles-pàgines): :::page{spread} estén una mateixa divisió per dues pàgines encarades a partir d'una pàgina parella; el llom passa pel centre i una vinyeta pot creuar-lo amb la seva imatge.

**També fa servir**

- [Divisió en vinyetes](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/comics.md#dividir-la-pàgina)
- [Imatge i retall de la vinyeta](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/comics.md#vinyetes-i-imatges)
- [Personatges i àncores](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/comics.md#personatges-i-àncores)
- [Pàgines de còmic](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/comics.md#pàgines-de-còmic)
- [Retolació de còmic](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/comics.md#retolació)
- [Retolar en altres llengües](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/comics.md#retolació)
- [Estils de bafarada](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/comics.md#estils-de-bafarada)
- [Vores i separacions de les vinyetes](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/comics.md#vinyetes-i-imatges)
- [Marges simètrics](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#marges-simètrics-mirall)
- [Paleta de color semàntica](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#paleta-de-colors)
- [Pàgines en un canvas](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#renderitzar-una-pàgina-a-un-bitmap)
- [Exportació a PDF](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#generació-de-pdf)
- [Color del paper](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#pàgina)
- [Capçaleres segons el tipus de pàgina](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#elements-de-text)
- [Fonts incrustades al PDF](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#per-què-un-proveïdor-de-fonts)
- [Figures i taules com a recursos](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/document-format.md#recursos)
- [Onomatopeies](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/comics.md#estils-de-bafarada)

**La configuració d'un cop d'ull**

- [`bodyText`](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#text-de-cos), [`colorPalette`](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#paleta-de-colors), [`comics`](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/comics.md#pàgines-de-còmic), [`footer`](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#capçaleres-i-peus), [`header`](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#capçaleres-i-peus), [`headings`](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#encapçalaments), [`layout`](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#disposició), [`locale`](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#partició-de-mots), [`page`](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#pàgina)

**API**

- [`buildDocument`](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#construir-un-document), [`clearMeasurementCache`](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#memòria-cau-de-mesures), [`decompressWoff2`](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#proveïdor-de-fonts-al-navegador-fontsource--woff2), `defaultComicFont`, `defaultComicSfxFont`, [`registerResourceImage`](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/architecture.md#superfície-dapi), [`renderPageToCanvas`](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#renderitzar-una-pàgina-a-un-bitmap), [`renderToPdf`](https://postext.dev/ca/docs/configuration.md#generació-de-pdf)

**Tipus de lletra**

- Patrick Hand (OFL-1.1), Bangers (OFL-1.1), Noto Sans SC (OFL-1.1), ZCOOL KuaiLe (OFL-1.1), Zen Antique (OFL-1.1), Dela Gothic One (OFL-1.1), Playpen Sans Arabic (OFL-1.1), Lalezar (OFL-1.1)

## Elaboració

### 1 · Una divisió per a les dues pàgines

El codi és a [la resposta curta](https://postext.dev/ca/cookbook/comic-double-spread.md#la-resposta-curta). Tot el còmic és una directiva amb la marca `spread`:

```md
:::page{spread split="55 / * [25 | 25 | *]"}
::panel{art=ds1}
caption: Un dissabte de desembre, el mercat era ple de gom a gom.
lola: Avi?
paco{shout}: Lola? Lolaaa!
```

El marc va del marge exterior de la pàgina parella al de la senar; els marges interiors desapareixen. La primera tira, el 55 % de l'alçada, és una sola vinyeta que creua el llom. A la segona, `25 | 25 | *` posa la primera línia al 25 % i la segona al 50 %, que és el llom: dues vinyetes quadrades a la pàgina parella i el retrobament a la senar. Una doble pàgina comença en pàgina parella, i la pàgina 1 d'un document és senar, així que la construcció passa `continuation: { pageIndexOffset: 1 }`: aquest episodi continua l'àlbum a la pàgina 2 i no cal una pàgina en blanc al davant.

### 2 · Una panoràmica que dona per a dues pàgines

```js
// script.js, línies 135–203
// The panorama is 1,900 px wide: across the 432 mm of the spread it prints at about 112 dpi.
const box = ([x, y, width, height]) => ({ x, y, width, height });
const who = (id, x, y, head, face) => ({ id, x, y,
  ...(head && { head: { x: head[0], y: head[1] } }), ...(face && { face: box(face) }) });
const ART = {
  ds1: { width: 1900, height: 633, safeArea: box([.03, .27, .93, .53]),
    alt: t({ en: 'Panorama of the crowded market hall: tiny Lola stands lost on the far left; '
        + 'far right, her grandfather searches the crowd.',
      es: 'Panorámica del mercado lleno de gente: a la izquierda del todo, Lola, '
        + 'diminuta, está perdida; a la derecha del todo, su abuelo la busca entre la multitud.',
      ca: 'Panoràmica del mercat ple de gent: a l’extrem esquerre, la Lola, petitíssima, '
        + 'està perduda; a l’extrem dret, el seu avi la busca entre la gentada.',
      zh: '拥挤的市场全景：最左边，小小的萝拉迷了路；最右边，她的爷爷在人群中寻找她。',
      ar: 'منظر واسع للسوق المزدحم: لولا الصغيرة تائهة في أقصى اليسار، وفي أقصى اليمين '
        + 'جدّها يبحث عنها بين الناس.',
      ja: '人でいっぱいの市場のパノラマ。左端に小さなローラが迷子になって立ち、右端では祖父が人ごみの中を探している。',
      pt: 'Panorama do mercado lotado: na ponta esquerda, a pequena Lola está perdida; na ponta '
        + 'direita, o avô a procura no meio da multidão.' }),
    anchors: [
      who('lola', .065, .58, [.063, .55], [.045, .51, .04, .11]),
      who('paco', .925, .38, [.925, .34], [.9, .3, .05, .12]),
    ],
  },
  ds2: { width: 1152, height: 1152, safeArea: box([.31, .08, .35, .62]),
    alt: t({ en: "Lola, tearful, stands among grown-ups' legs and shopping bags.",
      es: 'Lola, con lágrimas en los ojos, está de pie entre piernas de mayores y bolsas '
        + 'de la compra.',
      ca: 'La Lola, amb llàgrimes als ulls, és dreta entre cames de grans i bosses de la compra.',
      zh: '萝拉含着眼泪，站在大人们的腿和购物袋之间。',
      ar: 'لولا والدموع في عينيها واقفة بين سيقان الكبار وأكياس التسوّق.',
      ja: '涙ぐんだローラが、大人の足と買い物袋のあいだに立っている。',
      pt: 'Lola, com lágrimas nos olhos, está de pé entre pernas de adultos e sacolas '
        + 'de compras.' }),
    anchors: [
      who('lola', .505, .24, [.48, .17], [.4, .1, .18, .19]),
    ],
  },
  ds3: { width: 1000, height: 1000, safeArea: box([.34, .07, .47, .23]),
    alt: t({ en: 'Paco stands on a fruit crate and whistles through his fingers; shoppers '
        + 'turn to look.',
      es: 'Paco, subido a una caja de fruta, silba con los dedos; la gente se vuelve a mirar.',
      ca: 'En Paco, enfilat a una caixa de fruita, xiula amb els dits; la gent es gira a mirar.',
      zh: '帕科站在水果箱上，用手指吹口哨；买东西的人都回过头来看。',
      ar: 'باكو واقف على صندوق فاكهة ويصفّر بأصابعه، والمتسوّقون يلتفتون لينظروا.',
      ja: 'パコが果物の木箱に乗って指笛を吹き、買い物客がふり返る。',
      pt: 'Paco, em cima de um caixote de frutas, assobia com os dedos; as pessoas se viram '
        + 'para olhar.' }),
    anchors: [
      who('paco', .5, .2, [.47, .14], [.38, .08, .17, .16]),
      who('sfx', .62, .17),
    ],
  },
  ds4: { width: 1200, height: 800, safeArea: box([.33, .05, .48, .57]),
    alt: t({ en: "Lola leaps into her grandfather's arms; his beret flies off and the "
        + "stallholders smile.",
      es: 'Lola salta a los brazos de su abuelo; la boina sale volando y los tenderos sonríen.',
      ca: 'La Lola salta als braços del seu avi; la boina surt volant i els paradistes somriuen.',
      zh: '萝拉扑进爷爷怀里；他的贝雷帽飞了出去，摊主们都笑了。',
      ar: 'لولا تقفز إلى ذراعي جدّها، وقبعته تطير، والباعة يبتسمون.',
      ja: 'ローラが祖父の腕に飛びこむ。ベレー帽が飛び、店の人たちがほほえむ。',
      pt: 'Lola pula nos braços do avô; a boina sai voando e os feirantes sorriem.' }),
    anchors: [
      who('lola', .51, .27, [.47, .2], [.42, .14, .13, .19]),
      who('paco', .595, .31, [.62, .22], [.55, .14, .15, .22]),
    ],
    avoid: [box([.67, .06, .13, .22])],
  },

};
```

La panoràmica és l'únic dibuix que s'imprimeix a través del plec, 432 × 144 mm, per això va a 1.900 px (380 KB); els altres tres tenen entre 1.000 i 1.200 px. La zona segura és una franja que ocupa gairebé tota l'amplada, i els dos personatges són als extrems, al 6 % i al 92 % de l'amplada, lluny del llom, on l'enquadernació s'empassaria una bafarada. El dibuix es va fer amb el centre lliure de cares: el passadís del mercat va a parar al plec.

### 3 · Les bafarades de l'àlbum

```js
// script.js, línies 57–70
comics.balloonStyles = [
  { id: 'speech', fill: col('balloon'), stroke: col('ink'), strokeWidth: pt(0.6) },
  { id: 'caption', fill: col('cartouche'), stroke: col('ink'), strokeWidth: pt(0.6),
    padding: em(0.45), aspect: 3.4 },
  { id: 'shout', fill: col('balloon'), stroke: col('ink'), burstPoints: 16, fontScale: 1.2 },
  { id: 'whisper', fill: col('balloon'), stroke: col('ink') },
  { id: 'sfx', fontFamily: DISPLAY, color: col('orange'), halo: pt(1.6), haloColor: col('ink'),
    fontScale: 3.2 },
];
comics.cast = [
  { id: 'lola', name: 'Lola' },
  { id: 'paco', name: t({ es: 'el abuelo Paco', en: 'Grandpa Paco', ca: "l'avi Paco",
    zh: '帕科爷爷', ar: 'الجد باكو', ja: 'パコおじいちゃん', pt: 'o vovô Paco' }) },
];
```

Els estils de bafarada són els del Nº 152: bafarades blanques, cartel·les groc pàl·lid, un esclat per al crit d'en Paco, un contorn discontinu per al xiuxiueig de la Lola i el xiulet en la lletra de les onomatopeies de l'àlbum, Bangers a les edicions llatines. `cast` dona al PDF i a l'EPUB els noms que llegeixen abans de cada intervenció.

## La recepta completa

Un sol fitxer, compost a partir de la carpeta de la recepta amb el text d'exemple i el kit comú del Receptari ja inclosos; construeix la seva pròpia pàgina. Per executar-lo, posa'l en un `<script type="module">` d'una pàgina buida o enganxa'l al tauler JS d'un pen nou de CodePen (com a mòdul). Importa postext des d'esm.sh, així que no cal instal·lar ni compilar res.

- Carpeta de la recepta: https://github.com/drnachio/postext/tree/main/cookbook/comic-double-spread

### script.js

```js
// ═══ Postext Cookbook · Nº 154 · One comic page across a double spread ═══════════════
// https://postext.dev/en/cookbook/comic-double-spread
// Code: MIT · Story: written for the recipe (CC BY 4.0) · Pictures: generated with diffusion models
// Fonts: Patrick Hand, Bangers, the comic faces of each script (OFL) · Needs postext ≥ 1.21.0
// One split tree laid across two facing pages: a panorama runs over the spine, and the
// tier under it splits at the spine's gutter. Same album, same lettering as Nº 152.
import {
  buildDocument, renderPageToCanvas, clearMeasurementCache, registerResourceImage,
  defaultComicFont, defaultComicSfxFont,
} from 'https://esm.sh/postext';
import { renderToPdf, decompressWoff2 } from 'https://esm.sh/postext-pdf';

const LANG = 'ca'; // @lang: the album's language: 'es' | 'en' | 'ca' | 'zh' | 'ar' | 'ja' | 'pt'
const RECIPE = 'comic-double-spread';

// ─── 1 · Design ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
// #region palette: the album's flat colours
const palette = {
  ink: '#1d1b19', // outlines, lettering, folios
  orange: '#d9601a', // the sound effect
  cartouche: '#fbe8a6', // narration boxes
  balloon: '#ffffff',
  muted: '#5f5a54', // the colophon
  paper: '#fffdf8',
};
const col = (id) => ({ hex: palette[id], model: 'hex', paletteId: id });
const colorPalette = [
  ...Object.entries(palette).map(([id, hex]) => ({ id, name: id, value: { hex, model: 'hex' } })),
  { id: 'main-color', name: 'orange (defaults)', value: { hex: palette.orange, model: 'hex' } },
];
// #endregion

const LOCALE = t({ es: 'es', en: 'en-gb', ca: 'ca', zh: 'zh-Hans', ar: 'ar', ja: 'ja',
  pt: 'pt-BR' });
const LATIN = ['es', 'en', 'ca', 'pt'].includes(LANG);
const LETTER = LATIN ? 'Patrick Hand' : defaultComicFont(LOCALE); // mixed-case hand lettering
const DISPLAY = defaultComicSfxFont(LOCALE); // Bangers, Dela Gothic One, ZCOOL KuaiLe, Lalezar

// #region answer: one split across two facing pages, opened on a verso
// The content writes :::page{spread split="55 / * [25 | 25 | *]"}: one frame from the verso's
// outer margin to the recto's (the inner margins drop out), split as one page. The panorama
// crosses the spine; the line at 50 % of the lower tier is the spine itself, so its gutter
// straddles the fold and no panel is cut by it.
const comics = {
  gutter: { horizontal: mm(5), vertical: mm(4) }, // 2 mm of white on each side of the fold
  panel: { borderWidth: pt(0.75), borderColor: col('ink'), background: col('paper') },
  lettering: { fontFamily: LETTER, fontSize: pt(LATIN ? 9.5 : 8.5), lineHeight: 1.1,
    color: col('ink') },
  runningHeads: true, // folios on both halves
};
// A spread opens on a verso, an even page. Page 1 of a document is a recto, so the engine
// would leave it blank and start on page 2; this episode continues an album at page 2.
const continuation = { pageIndexOffset: 1, pageNumbering: { startAt: 2 } };
// #endregion

// #region balloons: the album's balloons and cartouches (Nº 152)
comics.balloonStyles = [
  { id: 'speech', fill: col('balloon'), stroke: col('ink'), strokeWidth: pt(0.6) },
  { id: 'caption', fill: col('cartouche'), stroke: col('ink'), strokeWidth: pt(0.6),
    padding: em(0.45), aspect: 3.4 },
  { id: 'shout', fill: col('balloon'), stroke: col('ink'), burstPoints: 16, fontScale: 1.2 },
  { id: 'whisper', fill: col('balloon'), stroke: col('ink') },
  { id: 'sfx', fontFamily: DISPLAY, color: col('orange'), halo: pt(1.6), haloColor: col('ink'),
    fontScale: 3.2 },
];
comics.cast = [
  { id: 'lola', name: 'Lola' },
  { id: 'paco', name: t({ es: 'el abuelo Paco', en: 'Grandpa Paco', ca: "l'avi Paco",
    zh: '帕科爷爷', ar: 'الجد باكو', ja: 'パコおじいちゃん', pt: 'o vovô Paco' }) },
];
// #endregion

const COLOPHON = t({
  es: 'Rotulado en Patrick Hand y Bangers (SIL OFL) · Dibujo: generado con modelos de difusión',
  en: 'Lettered in Patrick Hand and Bangers (SIL OFL) · Art: generated with diffusion models',
  ca: 'Retolat en Patrick Hand i Bangers (SIL OFL) · Dibuix: generat amb models de difusió',
  zh: '嵌字：Noto Sans SC、ZCOOL KuaiLe（SIL OFL）· 画面：由扩散模型生成',
  ar: 'الخطوط: Playpen Sans Arabic وLalezar (SIL OFL) · الرسوم: مولّدة بنماذج الانتشار',
  ja: '写植：Zen Antique、Dela Gothic One（SIL OFL）・ 作画：拡散モデルで生成',
  pt: 'Letreirado em Patrick Hand e Bangers (SIL OFL) · Arte: gerada com modelos de difusão',
});
const foot = (id, content, y, extra) => ({ kind: 'text', id, content, fontFamily: LETTER,
  align: 'center', pages: 'comic',
  placement: { anchor: { to: 'page', edge: 'bottom' }, offset: { y: mm(y) } }, ...extra });

const config = () => ({ // a factory: the engine caches resolved configs per object
  locale: LOCALE,
  colorPalette,
  page: {
    sizePreset: 'custom', width: mm(230), height: mm(300), dpi: 150, // the album of Nº 152
    backgroundColor: col('paper'),
    margins: { top: mm(18), bottom: mm(22), left: mm(16), right: mm(14), mirror: true },
  },
  layout: { layoutType: 'single' },
  bodyText: { fontFamily: LETTER, fontSize: pt(11), lineHeight: pt(15), color: col('ink'),
    boldColor: col('ink'), italicColor: col('ink'), referenceColor: col('ink') },
  headings: { fontFamily: DISPLAY, color: col('orange'),
    levels: [{ level: 1, breakBefore: { enabled: true, parity: 'any' } }] }, // the H1 break
  comics,
  header: { elements: [] },
  footer: { elements: [
    foot('folio', '{pageNumber}', -13, { fontSize: pt(10), color: col('ink') }),
    foot('colophon', COLOPHON, -7, { fontSize: pt(7), color: col('muted'), parity: 'odd' }),
  ] },
});

// ─── 2 · Content ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
const markdown = String.raw`:::page{spread split="55 / * [25 | 25 | *]"}
::panel{art=ds1}
caption: Un dissabte de desembre, el mercat era ple de gom a gom.
lola: Avi?
paco{shout}: Lola? Lolaaa!
::panel{art=ds2}
lola{whisper}: Avi… on ets?
caption{at=bottom-start}: Em vaig recordar del que sempre em deia: si et perds, no et moguis.
::panel{art=ds3}
sfx{at="78% 20%" rotate=-8}: FIIIIIU!
caption{at=bottom-start}: I que ningú a Madrid xiula com un forner.
::panel{art=ds4}
lola: Avi!
paco: Ets aquí, bandarra!
paco: I allà va la meva boina!
:::
`; // content.<lang>.md: one :::page{spread}

// ─── 3 · Fonts ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
const FONTS = {
  'Patrick Hand': ['400'], Bangers: ['400'], // Latin editions
  'Noto Sans SC': ['400', '700'], 'ZCOOL KuaiLe': ['400'], // Chinese
  'Zen Antique': ['400'], 'Dela Gothic One': ['400'], // Japanese
  'Playpen Sans Arabic': ['400', '700'], Lalezar: ['400'], // Arabic
};

// #region art: the panel manifest: safe areas, speakers' mouths, heads and faces, in fractions
// The panorama is 1,900 px wide: across the 432 mm of the spread it prints at about 112 dpi.
const box = ([x, y, width, height]) => ({ x, y, width, height });
const who = (id, x, y, head, face) => ({ id, x, y,
  ...(head && { head: { x: head[0], y: head[1] } }), ...(face && { face: box(face) }) });
const ART = {
  ds1: { width: 1900, height: 633, safeArea: box([.03, .27, .93, .53]),
    alt: t({ en: 'Panorama of the crowded market hall: tiny Lola stands lost on the far left; '
        + 'far right, her grandfather searches the crowd.',
      es: 'Panorámica del mercado lleno de gente: a la izquierda del todo, Lola, '
        + 'diminuta, está perdida; a la derecha del todo, su abuelo la busca entre la multitud.',
      ca: 'Panoràmica del mercat ple de gent: a l’extrem esquerre, la Lola, petitíssima, '
        + 'està perduda; a l’extrem dret, el seu avi la busca entre la gentada.',
      zh: '拥挤的市场全景：最左边，小小的萝拉迷了路；最右边，她的爷爷在人群中寻找她。',
      ar: 'منظر واسع للسوق المزدحم: لولا الصغيرة تائهة في أقصى اليسار، وفي أقصى اليمين '
        + 'جدّها يبحث عنها بين الناس.',
      ja: '人でいっぱいの市場のパノラマ。左端に小さなローラが迷子になって立ち、右端では祖父が人ごみの中を探している。',
      pt: 'Panorama do mercado lotado: na ponta esquerda, a pequena Lola está perdida; na ponta '
        + 'direita, o avô a procura no meio da multidão.' }),
    anchors: [
      who('lola', .065, .58, [.063, .55], [.045, .51, .04, .11]),
      who('paco', .925, .38, [.925, .34], [.9, .3, .05, .12]),
    ],
  },
  ds2: { width: 1152, height: 1152, safeArea: box([.31, .08, .35, .62]),
    alt: t({ en: "Lola, tearful, stands among grown-ups' legs and shopping bags.",
      es: 'Lola, con lágrimas en los ojos, está de pie entre piernas de mayores y bolsas '
        + 'de la compra.',
      ca: 'La Lola, amb llàgrimes als ulls, és dreta entre cames de grans i bosses de la compra.',
      zh: '萝拉含着眼泪，站在大人们的腿和购物袋之间。',
      ar: 'لولا والدموع في عينيها واقفة بين سيقان الكبار وأكياس التسوّق.',
      ja: '涙ぐんだローラが、大人の足と買い物袋のあいだに立っている。',
      pt: 'Lola, com lágrimas nos olhos, está de pé entre pernas de adultos e sacolas '
        + 'de compras.' }),
    anchors: [
      who('lola', .505, .24, [.48, .17], [.4, .1, .18, .19]),
    ],
  },
  ds3: { width: 1000, height: 1000, safeArea: box([.34, .07, .47, .23]),
    alt: t({ en: 'Paco stands on a fruit crate and whistles through his fingers; shoppers '
        + 'turn to look.',
      es: 'Paco, subido a una caja de fruta, silba con los dedos; la gente se vuelve a mirar.',
      ca: 'En Paco, enfilat a una caixa de fruita, xiula amb els dits; la gent es gira a mirar.',
      zh: '帕科站在水果箱上，用手指吹口哨；买东西的人都回过头来看。',
      ar: 'باكو واقف على صندوق فاكهة ويصفّر بأصابعه، والمتسوّقون يلتفتون لينظروا.',
      ja: 'パコが果物の木箱に乗って指笛を吹き、買い物客がふり返る。',
      pt: 'Paco, em cima de um caixote de frutas, assobia com os dedos; as pessoas se viram '
        + 'para olhar.' }),
    anchors: [
      who('paco', .5, .2, [.47, .14], [.38, .08, .17, .16]),
      who('sfx', .62, .17),
    ],
  },
  ds4: { width: 1200, height: 800, safeArea: box([.33, .05, .48, .57]),
    alt: t({ en: "Lola leaps into her grandfather's arms; his beret flies off and the "
        + "stallholders smile.",
      es: 'Lola salta a los brazos de su abuelo; la boina sale volando y los tenderos sonríen.',
      ca: 'La Lola salta als braços del seu avi; la boina surt volant i els paradistes somriuen.',
      zh: '萝拉扑进爷爷怀里；他的贝雷帽飞了出去，摊主们都笑了。',
      ar: 'لولا تقفز إلى ذراعي جدّها، وقبعته تطير، والباعة يبتسمون.',
      ja: 'ローラが祖父の腕に飛びこむ。ベレー帽が飛び、店の人たちがほほえむ。',
      pt: 'Lola pula nos braços do avô; a boina sai voando e os feirantes sorriem.' }),
    anchors: [
      who('lola', .51, .27, [.47, .2], [.42, .14, .13, .19]),
      who('paco', .595, .31, [.62, .22], [.55, .14, .15, .22]),
    ],
    avoid: [box([.67, .06, .13, .22])],
  },

};
// #endregion

// ─── 4 · Build & show ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
const faces = { [LETTER]: FONTS[LETTER], [DISPLAY]: FONTS[DISPLAY] }; // this edition's faces
await loadFonts(FONTS, markdown + COLOPHON); // the Latin files of every face
await loadCjkFonts(faces, markdown + COLOPHON);
await loadArabicFonts(faces, markdown + COLOPHON);
await loadComicFonts(faces, markdown + COLOPHON);
const resources = await Promise.all([
  comicPanel('ds1', asset('ds1-1900.jpg'), ART.ds1), comicPanel('ds2', asset('ds2.jpg'), ART.ds2),
  comicPanel('ds3', asset('ds3.jpg'), ART.ds3), comicPanel('ds4', asset('ds4.jpg'), ART.ds4),
]);
const doc = await buildWithFonts(
  () => buildDocument({ markdown, resources, continuation }, config()), markdown + COLOPHON);
showBook(doc, { title: t({ es: 'Una página de cómic a doble página',
  en: 'One comic page across a double spread', ca: 'Una pàgina de còmic a doble pàgina',
  zh: '横跨两页的漫画', ar: 'صفحة قصص مصوّرة على صفحتين متقابلتين', ja: '見開きの漫画',
  pt: 'Uma página de quadrinhos em página dupla' }) });
offerPdf(() => renderToPdf(doc, { fontProvider: comicPdfProvider, resourceBytes: imageBytes }),
  `${RECIPE}.pdf`);

// ─── Kit ── helpers shared by every Cookbook recipe · postext.dev/cookbook ─────

// ─── Kit · core v1 ── the same in every recipe · postext.dev/cookbook
function mm(value) { return { value, unit: 'mm' }; }
function pt(value) { return { value, unit: 'pt' }; }
function em(value) { return { value, unit: 'em' }; }
/** The sample language's string: t({ en: 'Figure', es: 'Figura' }). */
function t(strings) { return strings[LANG] ?? Object.values(strings)[0]; }
/** A file in this recipe's assets folder, served from the Postext repo by jsDelivr. */
function asset(file) { return `https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/drnachio/postext@main/cookbook/${RECIPE}/assets/${file}`; }

// ─── Kit · fonts v2 ── the same in every recipe · postext.dev/cookbook
// Postext measures with the loaded faces and caches the widths: load every face
// before the first build, from Fontsource, the files the PDF embeds too.

/** faces = { 'Family Name': ['400', '400i', '700'] }. `text` is the sample:
 *  č ł † α χ also load latin-ext and greek files (kitSubsetsFor). With
 *  `optional`, a face Fontsource does not ship is skipped instead of failing.
 *  Resolves to the number of faces added. */
async function loadFonts(faces, text = '', { optional = false } = {}) {
  kitStatus('Loading fonts…');
  const ranges = {
    latin: 'U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,'
      + 'U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD',
    'latin-ext': 'U+0100-02BA,U+02BD-02C5,U+02C7-02CC,U+02CE-02D7,U+02DD-02FF,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,'
      + 'U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF',
    greek: 'U+0370-03FF',
  };
  const jobs = [];
  let added = 0;
  for (const [family, specs] of Object.entries(faces)) {
    const id = fontsourceId(family);
    const todo = [...new Set(specs)].map((spec) => [parseInt(spec, 10), spec.endsWith('i') ? 'italic' : 'normal'])
      .filter(([weight, style]) => !hasFace(family, weight, style)); // before any await
    const meta = optional || /[^\0-ÿ]/u.test(text) ? await fontsourceMeta(family) : null;
    const subsets = ['latin', ...kitSubsetsFor(text, meta)];
    for (const [weight, style] of todo) {
      if (optional && !(meta?.weights.includes(weight) && meta.styles.includes(style))) continue;
      for (const subset of subsets) {
        const url = `https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fontsource/${id}@5/files/${id}-${subset}-${weight}-${style}.woff2`;
        const face = new FontFace(family, `url(${url}) format('woff2')`,
          { weight: String(weight), style, unicodeRange: ranges[subset] });
        jobs.push(face.load().then((ready) => { document.fonts.add(ready); added++; }, () => {
          if (subset === 'latin' && !optional) throw new Error(`Fontsource has no ${family} ${weight} ${style}`);
        }));
      }
    }
  }
  await Promise.all(jobs).catch((error) => { kitFail(error); throw error; });
  return added;
}

/** Runs `build` and loads any face the pages use that FONTS missed (a regular
 *  one with a warning), then clears the measurement cache and builds again. */
async function buildWithFonts(build, text = '') {
  const tried = new Set();
  for (let round = 0; round < 3; round++) {
    kitStatus('Laying out…');
    await new Promise(requestAnimationFrame);          // let the status paint first
    const result = await Promise.resolve().then(build).catch((error) => { kitFail(error); throw error; });
    const wanted = { base: {}, variants: {} };
    for (const { font, base } of [result].flat().flatMap(fontStringsOf)) {
      const { family, weight, style } = parseFont(font);
      const key = `${family}|${weight}|${style}`;
      if (tried.has(key) || hasFace(family, weight, style)) continue;
      tried.add(key);
      (wanted[base ? 'base' : 'variants'][family] ??= []).push(`${weight}${style === 'italic' ? 'i' : ''}`);
    }
    if (Object.keys(wanted.base).length) {
      console.warn(`[cookbook] FONTS does not list ${JSON.stringify(wanted.base)}: loading them.`);
    }
    const added = await loadFonts(wanted.base, text) + await loadFonts(wanted.variants, text, { optional: true });
    if (added === 0) return result;
    clearMeasurementCache();
  }
  throw new Error('The fonts did not settle after three builds.');
}

/** Every font string of the layout; `base` marks a block's own face. */
function fontStringsOf(doc) {
  const found = new Map();
  const walk = (node) => {
    if (!node || typeof node !== 'object') return;
    if (Array.isArray(node)) { node.forEach(walk); return; }
    for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(node)) {
      if (typeof value === 'string' && /fontString$/i.test(key)) {
        found.set(value, found.get(value) || key === 'fontString');
      } else if (value && typeof value === 'object') walk(value);
    }
  };
  walk(doc.pages);
  walk(doc.blocks);
  return [...found].map(([font, base]) => ({ font, base }));
}

/** '700 37.5px Open Sans' / 'italic 400 13px "Source Serif 4"' → { family, weight, style }.
 *  A string with no weight ('95.8px Young Serif', from a design text) is 400. */
function parseFont(font) {
  const m = /^(?:(italic|oblique)\s+)?(?:small-caps\s+)?(?:(\d+|bold|normal)\s+)?[\d.]+px\s+(.+)$/.exec(font.trim());
  if (!m) throw new Error(`Unexpected font string: ${font}`);
  const weight = m[2] === 'bold' ? 700 : !m[2] || m[2] === 'normal' ? 400 : Number(m[2]);
  return { family: m[3].replace(/^["']|["']$/g, ''), weight, style: m[1] ? 'italic' : 'normal' };
}

/** A loaded FontFace covers this family, weight and style (fonts.check() would
 *  also say yes for families nobody declared). */
function hasFace(family, weight, style) {
  for (const face of document.fonts) {
    if (face.status !== 'loaded' || face.style !== style) continue;
    if (face.family.replace(/^["']|["']$/g, '') !== family) continue;
    const [low, high = low] = face.weight.split(' ').map(Number);
    if (weight >= low && weight <= high) return true;
  }
  return false;
}

/** The files beyond latin `text` needs that `meta`'s family ships. */
function kitSubsetsFor(text, meta) {
  return [[/[Ā-˿ᴀ-ᶿḀ-ỿ†ℓⱠ-Ɀ꜠-ꟿ]/u, 'latin-ext'], [/[Ͱ-Ͽ]/u, 'greek']]
    .filter(([re, x]) => re.test(text) && meta?.subsets?.includes(x)).map(([, x]) => x);
}

/** Fontsource's id for a family: 'Source Serif 4' → 'source-serif-4'. */
function fontsourceId(family) { return family.toLowerCase().replace(/\s+/g, '-'); }

/** The family's Fontsource metadata (weights, styles, subsets), or null. */
function fontsourceMeta(family) {
  fontsourceMeta.cache ??= new Map();
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  if (!fontsourceMeta.cache.has(id)) {
    fontsourceMeta.cache.set(id, fetch(`https://api.fontsource.org/v1/fonts/${id}`)
      .then((res) => (res.ok ? res.json() : null), () => null));
  }
  return fontsourceMeta.cache.get(id);
}

// ─── Kit · viewer v1 ── the same in every recipe · postext.dev/cookbook
/** The pages as spreads on a dark desk, page 1 alone, then verso | recto,
 *  each painted when it scrolls near. */
function showPages(docs, { title, width = 460 } = {}) {
  const root = viewer(title);
  const pages = [docs].flat().flatMap((doc) =>
    doc.pages.map((page) => ({ doc, page, n: (doc.pageIndexOffset ?? 0) + page.index })));
  const spreads = [];
  let verso = null;
  for (const p of pages) {
    if (p.n % 2 === 1) { if (verso) spreads.push([verso, null]); verso = p; }
    else { spreads.push([verso, p]); verso = null; }
  }
  if (verso) spreads.push([verso, null]);
  const density = Math.min(window.devicePixelRatio || 1, 2);
  showPages.painter?.disconnect();
  const painter = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => {
    for (const { isIntersecting, target } of entries) {
      if (!isIntersecting) continue;
      painter.unobserve(target);
      const { doc, page } = target.postext;
      renderPageToCanvas(page, doc, target, { scale: (width * density) / page.width });
    }
  }, { rootMargin: '800px' });
  showPages.painter = painter;
  root.replaceChildren(...spreads.map((pair) => {
    const spread = document.createElement('div');
    spread.className = 'pt-spread';
    for (const p of pair) {
      const figure = document.createElement('figure');
      if (p) {
        const label = p.page.pageLabel || String(p.n + 1);
        const canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
        canvas.postext = p;
        canvas.style.aspectRatio = `${p.page.width} / ${p.page.height}`;
        canvas.setAttribute('role', 'img');
        canvas.setAttribute('aria-label', `Page ${label}`);
        const folio = document.createElement('figcaption');
        folio.textContent = label;
        figure.append(canvas, folio);
        painter.observe(canvas);
      } else figure.className = 'pt-blank';
      spread.append(figure);
    }
    return spread;
  }));
  kitStatus(`${pages.length} ${pages.length === 1 ? 'page' : 'pages'}`);
  document.documentElement.dataset.postext = 'ready';
  return pages.length;
}

/** The desk, the bar and the error reporting, created once. */
function viewer(title) {
  if (!document.getElementById('pt-kit')) {
    document.head.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', `<style id="pt-kit">
      :root { color-scheme: dark; }
      body { margin: 0; background: #0e1014; color: #b9bcc4; font: 13px/1.45 system-ui, sans-serif; }
      #pt-bar { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 1; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center;
        gap: 6px 16px; padding: 10px 16px; background: rgb(14 16 20 / .92); backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
        border-bottom: 1px solid #23262d; }
      #pt-bar strong { color: #f4f1ea; font-weight: 600; }
      #pt-actions { display: flex; gap: 12px; margin-left: auto; }
      #pt-actions a, #pt-actions button { color: #d8a21a; font: inherit; background: none; border: 0; padding: 0; cursor: pointer; }
      #pages { display: grid; justify-items: center; gap: 48px; padding: 32px 16px 72px; }
      .pt-spread { display: flex; }
      .pt-spread figure { margin: 0; width: min(460px, 44vw); }
      .pt-spread canvas { display: block; width: 100%; background: #fff;
        box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / .5), 0 22px 44px -16px rgb(0 0 0 / .8); }
      .pt-spread figure:first-child canvas { box-shadow: inset -14px 0 14px -14px rgb(0 0 0 / .18), 0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / .5), 0 22px 44px -16px rgb(0 0 0 / .8); }
      .pt-spread figcaption { margin-top: 10px; text-align: center; font: 600 10px/1 system-ui, sans-serif;
        letter-spacing: .18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #6c7079; }
      .pt-blank { visibility: hidden; }
      @media (max-width: 760px) {
        .pt-spread { flex-direction: column; gap: 32px; }
        .pt-spread figure { width: min(460px, 92vw); }
        .pt-blank { display: none; }
      }
    </style>`);
    document.body.insertAdjacentHTML('afterbegin',
      '<header id="pt-bar"><strong id="pt-title"></strong><span id="pt-status" role="status"></span><span id="pt-actions"></span></header>');
    document.getElementById('pt-title').textContent = document.title || 'Postext';
    addEventListener('error', (event) => kitFail(event.error ?? event.message));
    addEventListener('unhandledrejection', (event) => kitFail(event.reason));
  }
  if (title) document.getElementById('pt-title').textContent = title;
  return document.getElementById('pages')
    ?? document.body.appendChild(Object.assign(document.createElement('main'), { id: 'pages' }));
}

function kitStatus(text) {
  viewer();
  document.getElementById('pt-status').textContent = text;
}

function kitFail(error) {
  document.documentElement.dataset.postext = 'error';
  kitStatus(`Error: ${error?.message ?? error}`);
}

// ─── Kit · pdf v2 ── the same in every recipe that exports a PDF
/** The Fontsource files the screen used, as TrueType: the nearest weight the
 *  family ships, upright if it has no italic; latin, then what the face's
 *  letters need (kitSubsetsFor). */
async function fontsourceProvider(family, weight, style, request) {
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
  const weights = meta?.weights?.length ? meta.weights : [400, 700];
  const w = weights.reduce((a, b) => (Math.abs(b - weight) < Math.abs(a - weight) ? b : a));
  const s = style === 'italic' && meta && !meta.styles.includes('italic') ? 'normal' : style;
  const text = String.fromCodePoint(...(request?.codePoints ?? []));
  const more = kitSubsetsFor(text, meta);
  const files = await Promise.all(['latin', ...more].map(async (subset) => {
    const res = await fetch(`https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fontsource/${id}@5/files/${id}-${subset}-${w}-${s}.woff2`);
    if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Fontsource has no ${family} ${w} ${s} ${subset}`);
    return decompressWoff2(new Uint8Array(await res.arrayBuffer()));
  }));
  return files.length === 1 ? files[0] : files;
}

/** A "Build the PDF" button; then "Open the PDF" (a new tab: CodePen's frame
 *  shows no PDFs) and a download link. */
function offerPdf(makePdf, filename) {
  viewer();
  const button = Object.assign(document.createElement('button'), { type: 'button', textContent: 'Build the PDF' });
  button.dataset.postextPdf = filename;
  button.addEventListener('click', async () => {
    button.disabled = true;
    button.textContent = 'Building the PDF…';
    try {
      const bytes = await makePdf();
      const url = URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([bytes], { type: 'application/pdf' }));
      const size = `${Math.max(1, Math.round(bytes.length / 1024))} KB`;
      button.replaceWith(
        Object.assign(document.createElement('a'), { href: url, target: '_blank', rel: 'noopener', textContent: 'Open the PDF ↗' }),
        Object.assign(document.createElement('a'), { href: url, download: filename, textContent: `Download ${filename} · ${size}` }));
    } catch (error) {
      button.disabled = false;
      button.textContent = 'Build the PDF';
      kitFail(error);
    }
  });
  document.getElementById('pt-actions').append(button);
}

// ─── Kit · images v1 ── recipes with pictures · postext.dev/cookbook
/** Registers a photo or PNG for the canvas and keeps its bytes for the PDF.
 *  fetch → ImageBitmap never taints the canvas (a plain cross-origin <img> would). */
async function loadImage(fileId, url) {
  const res = await fetch(url);
  if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Image not found (${res.status}): ${url}`);
  const bytes = new Uint8Array(await res.arrayBuffer());
  registerResourceImage(fileId, await createImageBitmap(new Blob([bytes])));
  (loadImage.bytes ??= new Map()).set(fileId, bytes);
}

/** Registers SVG markup (drawn in code, or fetched) as a vector image. */
async function loadSvg(fileId, svg) {
  const img = new Image();
  img.src = `data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,${encodeURIComponent(svg)}`;
  await img.decode();
  registerResourceImage(fileId, img);
  (loadImage.bytes ??= new Map()).set(fileId, new TextEncoder().encode(svg));
}

/** renderToPdf({ resourceBytes: imageBytes }) */
function imageBytes(fileId) { return loadImage.bytes?.get(fileId); }

/** renderToHtml({ resourceImageUrl: imageUrl }) */
function imageUrl(fileId) {
  const bytes = imageBytes(fileId);
  if (!bytes) return undefined;
  imageUrl.urls ??= new Map();
  if (!imageUrl.urls.has(fileId)) {
    const type = /\.svg$/i.test(fileId) ? 'image/svg+xml' : /\.png$/i.test(fileId) ? 'image/png' : 'image/jpeg';
    imageUrl.urls.set(fileId, URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([bytes], { type })));
  }
  return imageUrl.urls.get(fileId);
}

// ─── Kit · cjk v1 ── Chinese, Japanese and Korean books · postext.dev/cookbook
// Fontsource ships a CJK family as about a hundred files per weight, each
// declared in its stylesheet with the unicode-range it covers. The screen
// loads the files the sample touches; the PDF gets the same files for the
// characters its pages set in each face, and embeds each as a subset.
// A book bound on the right (vertical text) is shown with its spreads
// mirrored: page 1 alone on the left of the spine, then [3 | 2].

/** The files of a Fontsource face, read from its stylesheet: { url, range,
 *  ranges }, the last declared first (the order the browser tries them in). */
function cjkSlices(family, weight, style) {
  cjkSlices.cache ??= new Map();
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  const css = `https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fontsource/${id}@5/${weight}${style === 'italic' ? '-italic' : ''}.css`;
  if (!cjkSlices.cache.has(css)) {
    cjkSlices.cache.set(css, fetch(css)
      .then((res) => {
        if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Fontsource has no ${family} ${weight} ${style} (${res.status})`);
        return res.text();
      })
      .then((text) => [...text.matchAll(/@font-face\s*{([^}]*)}/g)].map(([, rule]) => {
        const range = /unicode-range:\s*([^;]+);/.exec(rule)?.[1].trim() ?? 'U+0-10FFFF';
        const ranges = range.split(',').map((part) => {
          const [lo, hi = lo] = part.trim().slice(2).split('-');
          return [parseInt(lo, 16), parseInt(hi, 16)];
        });
        return { url: new URL(/url\(([^)]+?\.woff2)\)/.exec(rule)[1], css).href, range, ranges };
      }).reverse()));
  }
  return cjkSlices.cache.get(css);
}

/** The file of `slices` that holds code point `cp`, if any. */
function cjkSliceFor(slices, cp) {
  return slices.find((slice) => slice.ranges.some(([lo, hi]) => cp >= lo && cp <= hi));
}

/** Whether Fontsource serves `family` as a Chinese, Japanese or Korean
 *  family (its subsets name the script). Fails when the API does not
 *  answer: a CJK face taken for a Latin one would paint in a system face. */
async function isCjkFamily(family) {
  const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
  if (!meta) throw new Error(`api.fontsource.org did not describe ${family}: reload to try again`);
  return !!meta.subsets?.some((subset) => /^(chinese|japanese|korean)/.test(subset));
}

/** faces = { 'Noto Serif TC': ['400', '700'] }, as for loadFonts: the
 *  whole FONTS object may be passed, its other families are left to
 *  loadFonts. Adds one FontFace per file of each CJK face with its
 *  unicodeRange, then loads the files `text` touches. `text` is what the
 *  faces set: the sample for the text face; a book in several voices calls
 *  it once per voice (loadCjkFonts({ 'LXGW WenKai TC': ['400'] }, quotes)),
 *  so the heading and quotation faces fetch and check only their own
 *  characters. Fails when a character of `text` is in no file of a face.
 *  List every weight the pages use: a weight left to buildWithFonts gets
 *  the latin file only. With { vertical: true } it also loads each
 *  family's vertical forms (brackets, quotes, pause marks) for the canvas,
 *  which needs loadVerticalAlternates imported from postext. Resolves to
 *  the number of files loaded. */
async function loadCjkFonts(faces, text, { vertical = false } = {}) {
  kitStatus('Loading fonts…');
  let loaded = 0;
  try {
    if (vertical && typeof loadVerticalAlternates !== 'function') {
      throw new Error('loadCjkFonts(…, { vertical: true }) needs loadVerticalAlternates imported from postext');
    }
    for (const [family, specs] of Object.entries(faces)) {
      if (!(await isCjkFamily(family))) continue;
      const twin = [];
      for (const spec of new Set(specs)) {
        const weight = parseInt(spec, 10);
        const style = spec.endsWith('i') ? 'italic' : 'normal';
        const slices = await cjkSlices(family, weight, style);
        const missing = [...new Set(text)].filter((ch) => /\S/.test(ch) && !cjkSliceFor(slices, ch.codePointAt(0)));
        if (missing.length) {
          throw new Error(`${family} ${spec} has no file for ${missing.slice(0, 12).join(' ')}: `
            + `give each face the text it sets (loadCjkFonts({ '${family}': ['${spec}'] }, text))`);
        }
        for (const slice of slices) {
          document.fonts.add(new FontFace(family, `url(${slice.url}) format('woff2')`,
            { weight: String(weight), style, unicodeRange: slice.range }));
          twin.push({ source: slice.url, weight: String(weight), style, unicodeRange: slice.range });
        }
        const font = `${style === 'italic' ? 'italic ' : ''}${weight} 16px "${family}"`;
        loaded += (await document.fonts.load(font, text)).length;
        if (!document.fonts.check(font, text)) throw new Error(`${family} ${spec} did not load for the sample`);
      }
      // The same files under a twin name with the `vert` feature on: the
      // canvas paints the punctuation of vertical lines with it.
      if (vertical && twin.length) await loadVerticalAlternates(family, twin);
    }
  } catch (error) {
    kitFail(error);
    throw error;
  }
  return loaded;
}

/** The PDF font provider for recipes with CJK faces: a family whose
 *  Fontsource subsets are Chinese, Japanese or Korean gets the files that
 *  hold the characters its pages set (`request.codePoints`); any other
 *  family gets the latin file fontsourceProvider fetches (the "pdf" block)
 *  and, when the face sets letters only latin-ext has, that file too. */
async function cjkPdfProvider(family, weight, style, request) {
  if (!(await isCjkFamily(family))) return cjkLatinPdfFiles(family, weight, style, request);
  const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
  const weights = meta.weights?.length ? meta.weights : [400, 700];
  const w = weights.reduce((a, b) => (Math.abs(b - weight) < Math.abs(a - weight) ? b : a));
  const s = style === 'italic' && !meta.styles.includes('italic') ? 'normal' : style;
  const slices = await cjkSlices(family, w, s);
  const picked = new Set();
  for (const cp of request?.codePoints ?? []) {
    const slice = cjkSliceFor(slices, cp);
    if (slice) picked.add(slice);
  }
  if (!picked.size) picked.add(slices[0]);
  return Promise.all(slices.filter((slice) => picked.has(slice)).map(async (slice) => {
    const res = await fetch(slice.url);
    if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Fontsource file ${slice.url} (${res.status})`);
    return decompressWoff2(new Uint8Array(await res.arrayBuffer()));
  }));
}

/** A Latin family set next to the CJK faces: its latin file, then its
 *  latin-ext file when the face sets letters only latin-ext has (ō ū in
 *  Hepburn rōmaji, ǎ in pinyin), the file loadFonts adds on screen for
 *  them. Latin comes first: postext-pdf draws a character from the first
 *  file that has it, as the browser takes a character both files hold from
 *  latin. A face Fontsource ships without latin-ext, or whose file does
 *  not come, gets latin alone, and the PDF names the letters it lacks. */
async function cjkLatinPdfFiles(family, weight, style, request) {
  const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
  const beyond = [...(request?.codePoints ?? [])].some(cjkLatinExtOnly);
  if (!beyond || !meta?.subsets?.includes('latin-ext')) return fontsourceProvider(family, weight, style);
  const weights = meta.weights?.length ? meta.weights : [400, 700];
  const w = weights.reduce((a, b) => (Math.abs(b - weight) < Math.abs(a - weight) ? b : a));
  const s = style === 'italic' && !meta.styles.includes('italic') ? 'normal' : style;
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  const url = `https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fontsource/${id}@5/files/${id}-latin-ext-${w}-${s}.woff2`;
  const [latin, ext] = await Promise.all([fontsourceProvider(family, weight, style), fetch(url)
    .then(async (res) => (res.ok ? decompressWoff2(new Uint8Array(await res.arrayBuffer())) : null), () => null)]);
  return ext ? [latin, ext] : latin;
}

/** Whether code point `cp` is in Fontsource's latin-ext file and not in
 *  its latin file: Latin Extended-A and -B, IPA, the spacing modifiers and
 *  Latin Extended Additional (loadFonts's test for latin-ext), less the
 *  few latin holds too (ı Œ œ ʻ ʼ ˆ ˚ ˜). */
function cjkLatinExtOnly(cp) {
  if (!((cp >= 0x100 && cp <= 0x2ff) || (cp >= 0x1e00 && cp <= 0x1eff))) return false;
  return ![0x131, 0x152, 0x153, 0x2bb, 0x2bc, 0x2c6, 0x2da, 0x2dc].includes(cp);
}

/** showPages for a book bound on either edge. A right-bound book (the
 *  document says so: doc.binding is 'right' for page.binding 'right' and
 *  for vertical text) lies on the desk as it opens: page 1 alone on the
 *  left of the spine, then [3 | 2], the spine shade on each page's inner
 *  edge. `binding` ('left' | 'right') overrides the document's. */
function showBook(docs, { binding, ...options } = {}) {
  const count = showPages(docs, options);
  const right = (binding ?? [docs].flat()[0]?.binding) === 'right';
  if (!document.getElementById('pt-kit-cjk')) {
    // The pages keep direction ltr: a canvas draws text in the direction its
    // element inherits, and under rtl each run would end where the engine
    // starts it, its brackets mirrored.
    document.head.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', `<style id="pt-kit-cjk">
      .pt-spread[dir="rtl"] canvas { direction: ltr; }
      .pt-spread[dir="rtl"] figure:first-child canvas { box-shadow: inset 14px 0 14px -14px rgb(0 0 0 / .18),
        0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / .5), 0 22px 44px -16px rgb(0 0 0 / .8); }
    </style>`);
  }
  // Each pair stays [verso, recto] in the page; right to left, the verso
  // sits on the right. Phones stack the pages in reading order either way.
  for (const spread of document.querySelectorAll('#pages > .pt-spread')) spread.dir = right ? 'rtl' : 'ltr';
  document.getElementById('pages').dataset.binding = right ? 'right' : 'left';
  return count;
}

// ─── Kit · arabic v1 ── Arabic-script faces · postext.dev/cookbook
// Fontsource ships an Arabic family as one file per subset and weight: the
// `arabic` file holds the letters, the harakat, the Arabic-Indic digits, the
// Arabic punctuation and the presentation forms; `latin` and `latin-ext`
// hold the rest. loadFonts loads the latin files; this block adds the arabic
// file of every Arabic family, for the canvas and for the PDF, which shapes
// the letters with HarfBuzz from the same bytes.

/** The code points of Fontsource's `arabic` subset, as its stylesheets
 *  declare them (the same unicode-range the browser picks the file by). A
 *  function, not a const: the kit is inlined after the recipe's top-level
 *  awaits, and a const read before its line throws, where a function
 *  declaration is hoisted. */
function arabicRange() {
  return 'U+0600-06FF,U+0750-077F,U+0870-088E,U+0890-0891,U+0897-08E1,U+08E3-08FF,'
    + 'U+200C-200E,U+2010-2011,U+204F,U+2E41,U+FB50-FDFF,U+FE70-FE74,U+FE76-FEFC,U+102E0-102FB,'
    + 'U+10E60-10E7E,U+10EC2-10EC4,U+10EFC-10EFF,U+1EE00-1EEFF';
}

/** Whether code point `cp` is in the arabic file. */
function inArabicRange(cp) {
  inArabicRange.ranges ??= arabicRange().split(',').map((part) => {
    const [lo, hi = lo] = part.slice(2).split('-');
    return [parseInt(lo, 16), parseInt(hi, 16)];
  });
  return inArabicRange.ranges.some(([lo, hi]) => cp >= lo && cp <= hi);
}

/** Whether Fontsource serves `family` with an `arabic` subset. Fails when
 *  the API does not answer: an Arabic face taken for a Latin one would set
 *  its letters in a system face. */
async function isArabicFamily(family) {
  const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
  if (!meta) throw new Error(`api.fontsource.org did not describe ${family}: reload to try again`);
  return !!meta.subsets?.includes('arabic');
}

/** The arabic file of a face. */
function arabicFileUrl(family, weight, style) {
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  return `https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fontsource/${id}@5/files/${id}-arabic-${weight}-${style}.woff2`;
}

/** faces = { Amiri: ['400', '700'] }, as for loadFonts, after it: the whole
 *  FONTS object may be passed, its families without an arabic subset are
 *  left alone. Adds the arabic file of every listed weight of each Arabic
 *  family (the latin files come from loadFonts) and loads it. `text` is
 *  the sample: fails when it holds an Arabic-script character the arabic
 *  file does not cover. List every weight the pages set in Arabic: a weight
 *  left to buildWithFonts gets the latin file only, and its Arabic letters
 *  fall back to a system face. Resolves to the number of files loaded. */
async function loadArabicFonts(faces, text = '') {
  kitStatus('Loading fonts…');
  let loaded = 0;
  try {
    const outside = [...new Set(text)].filter((ch) => /\p{Script=Arabic}/u.test(ch) && !inArabicRange(ch.codePointAt(0)));
    if (outside.length) throw new Error(`Fontsource's arabic files have no ${outside.slice(0, 12).join(' ')}`);
    for (const [family, specs] of Object.entries(faces)) {
      if (!(await isArabicFamily(family))) continue;
      for (const spec of new Set(specs)) {
        const weight = parseInt(spec, 10);
        const style = spec.endsWith('i') ? 'italic' : 'normal';
        const face = new FontFace(family, `url(${arabicFileUrl(family, weight, style)}) format('woff2')`,
          { weight: String(weight), style, unicodeRange: arabicRange() });
        document.fonts.add(await face.load().catch(() => {
          throw new Error(`Fontsource has no arabic file for ${family} ${weight} ${style}`);
        }));
        loaded++;
      }
    }
  } catch (error) {
    kitFail(error);
    throw error;
  }
  return loaded;
}

/** The PDF font provider for recipes with Arabic faces: a family with an
 *  arabic subset gets its arabic file when its pages set Arabic letters
 *  (`request.codePoints`), then its latin file, and its latin-ext file for
 *  the letters beyond latin (transliteration: ā ḥ ʿ). The arabic file comes
 *  first: it also holds the space and the brackets, so a line of Arabic is
 *  shaped as one run and not cut at every space. Any other family goes to
 *  fontsourceProvider (the "pdf" block). */
async function arabicPdfProvider(family, weight, style, request) {
  if (!(await isArabicFamily(family))) return fontsourceProvider(family, weight, style, request);
  const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
  const weights = meta.weights?.length ? meta.weights : [400, 700];
  const w = weights.reduce((a, b) => (Math.abs(b - weight) < Math.abs(a - weight) ? b : a));
  const s = style === 'italic' && !meta.styles.includes('italic') ? 'normal' : style;
  const wanted = [...(request?.codePoints ?? [])];
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  const urls = [];
  if (!wanted.length || wanted.some(inArabicRange)) urls.push(arabicFileUrl(family, w, s));
  urls.push(`https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fontsource/${id}@5/files/${id}-latin-${w}-${s}.woff2`);
  if (meta.subsets.includes('latin-ext') && wanted.some((cp) => /[Ā-˿Ḁ-ỿ]/u.test(String.fromCodePoint(cp)))) {
    urls.push(`https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fontsource/${id}@5/files/${id}-latin-ext-${w}-${s}.woff2`);
  }
  return Promise.all(urls.map(async (url) => {
    const res = await fetch(url);
    if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Fontsource file ${url} (${res.status})`);
    return decompressWoff2(new Uint8Array(await res.arrayBuffer()));
  }));
}

// ─── Kit · comics v1 ── comic pages · postext.dev/cookbook
// The engine letters a comic in a face per language (defaultComicFont:
// Comic Neue, Zen Antique for Japanese, Noto Sans SC, LXGW WenKai TC,
// Playpen Sans Arabic; defaultComicSfxFont: Bangers, Dela Gothic One,
// ZCOOL KuaiLe, Lalezar) and asks for the bold of a shout or a sound effect
// and the italic of an inner voice. Most of these faces ship one weight and
// no italic: this block declares the file Fontsource does ship for those
// variants, so the canvas measures and paints the letters the PDF embeds
// (the providers snap to the shipped file) and not a bold or a slant the
// browser makes up. It also turns the art manifest into panel resources.

/** faces = { 'Comic Neue': ['400', '700'], Bangers: ['400'] }, as for
 *  loadFonts, after it (and after loadCjkFonts or loadArabicFonts for the
 *  faces of those scripts); the whole FONTS object may be passed. List in
 *  FONTS only what Fontsource ships (Bangers: ['400']): loadFonts fails on
 *  the rest. For each family, the regular, bold, italic and bold italic it
 *  lacks are declared with its nearest file (the regular for the bold, the
 *  upright for the italic) and loaded for `text`. A CJK face needs the cjk
 *  block; an Arabic face setting Arabic, the arabic block. Resolves to the
 *  number of variants added. */
async function loadComicFonts(faces, text = '') {
  kitStatus('Loading fonts…');
  let added = 0;
  try {
    for (const family of Object.keys(faces)) {
      const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
      if (!meta) throw new Error(`api.fontsource.org did not describe ${family}: reload to try again`);
      const weights = meta.weights?.length ? meta.weights : [400, 700];
      const styles = meta.styles?.length ? meta.styles : ['normal'];
      for (const [weight, style] of [[400, 'normal'], [700, 'normal'], [400, 'italic'], [700, 'italic']]) {
        if ((weights.includes(weight) && styles.includes(style)) || hasFace(family, weight, style)) continue;
        const w = weights.reduce((a, b) => (Math.abs(b - weight) < Math.abs(a - weight) ? b : a));
        const s = style === 'italic' && styles.includes('italic') ? 'italic' : 'normal';
        for (const { url, range } of await comicFaceFiles(family, w, s, meta, text)) {
          document.fonts.add(new FontFace(family, `url(${url}) format('woff2')`,
            { weight: String(weight), style, unicodeRange: range }));
        }
        await document.fonts.load(`${style === 'italic' ? 'italic ' : ''}${weight} 16px "${family}"`, text || 'A');
        added++;
      }
    }
  } catch (error) {
    kitFail(error);
    throw error;
  }
  return added;
}

/** The files of a shipped face ({ url, range }): a CJK face's slices (the
 *  cjk block reads them from its stylesheet), else latin, the latin-ext
 *  and greek files `text` needs, and the arabic file when `text` holds
 *  Arabic. */
async function comicFaceFiles(family, weight, style, meta, text) {
  if (meta.subsets?.some((subset) => /^(chinese|japanese|korean)/.test(subset))) {
    if (typeof cjkSlices !== 'function') throw new Error(`${family} is a CJK face: list the cjk kit block`);
    return (await cjkSlices(family, weight, style)).map(({ url, range }) => ({ url, range }));
  }
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  const file = (subset) => `https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fontsource/${id}@5/files/${id}-${subset}-${weight}-${style}.woff2`;
  const files = ['latin', ...kitSubsetsFor(text, meta)].map((subset) => ({ url: file(subset), range: comicRange(subset) }));
  if (meta.subsets?.includes('arabic') && /\p{Script=Arabic}/u.test(text)) {
    if (typeof arabicRange !== 'function') throw new Error(`${family} sets Arabic: list the arabic kit block`);
    files.unshift({ url: file('arabic'), range: arabicRange() });
  }
  return files;
}

/** The unicode-range loadFonts gives a Fontsource file. A function, not a
 *  const: the kit is inlined after the recipe's top-level awaits. */
function comicRange(subset) {
  return {
    latin: 'U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,'
      + 'U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD',
    'latin-ext': 'U+0100-02BA,U+02BD-02C5,U+02C7-02CC,U+02CE-02D7,U+02DD-02FF,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,'
      + 'U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF',
    greek: 'U+0370-03FF',
  }[subset];
}

/** The PDF font provider of a comic in any script: a CJK face goes to
 *  cjkPdfProvider, an Arabic face to arabicPdfProvider, any other to
 *  fontsourceProvider (the "pdf" block). Each embeds the shipped weight
 *  and style nearest to the one asked for, the file loadComicFonts
 *  declared for the canvas. */
async function comicPdfProvider(family, weight, style, request) {
  const subsets = (await fontsourceMeta(family))?.subsets ?? [];
  if (subsets.some((subset) => /^(chinese|japanese|korean)/.test(subset))) {
    if (typeof cjkPdfProvider !== 'function') throw new Error(`${family} is a CJK face: list the cjk kit block`);
    return cjkPdfProvider(family, weight, style, request);
  }
  if (subsets.includes('arabic') && typeof arabicPdfProvider === 'function') {
    return arabicPdfProvider(family, weight, style, request);
  }
  return fontsourceProvider(family, weight, style, request);
}

/** A panel picture as a resource for art= (and pop=): loads `url`
 *  (write asset('lh-arrive.jpg') in the call, so the lint checks the file)
 *  and declares it with `meta`, its entry in the art manifest:
 *  { width, height, alt, safeArea, anchors, avoid }. The safe area is what
 *  every crop keeps, the anchors the speakers' mouths, heads and faces,
 *  the avoid zones what no balloon covers; all in fractions of the picture,
 *  the same in every language. Without width and height, the picture's own
 *  size. Needs the images block. Resolves to the resource. */
async function comicPanel(id, url, meta = {}) {
  const fileId = decodeURIComponent(url.split('/').pop());
  await loadImage(fileId, url);
  let { width, height } = meta;
  if (!width || !height) {
    const bitmap = await createImageBitmap(new Blob([imageBytes(fileId)]));
    ({ width, height } = bitmap);
    bitmap.close();
  }
  return {
    id, typeId: meta.typeId ?? 'figure', kind: 'bitmap', createdAt: 0, updatedAt: 0,
    bitmap: { fileId, format: /\.png$/i.test(fileId) ? 'png' : 'jpeg', width, height },
    ...(meta.alt && { altText: meta.alt }),
    ...(meta.safeArea && { safeArea: meta.safeArea }),
    ...(meta.anchors?.length && { anchors: meta.anchors }),
    ...(meta.avoid?.length && { avoid: meta.avoid }),
  };
}

// ─── /Kit ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
```

## Variants

### Obre el llibre amb la doble pàgina

Treu la continuació i el motor deixa la pàgina 1 en blanc (rol `blank`), de manera que la doble pàgina continua caient a les pàgines 2 i 3.

```diff
-const continuation = { pageIndexOffset: 1, pageNumbering: { startAt: 2 } };
+const continuation = {};
```

## Errors freqüents

- **Carrega totes les fonts abans de compondre.** La composició mesura el text amb les fonts que el navegador ha carregat i en desa les amplades, així que una font que arriba després de la primera composició deixa talls de línia erronis i un PDF que ja no coincideix amb la pantalla. Carrega abans tots els pesos i estils, i crida clearMeasurementCache() abans de recompondre si alguna arriba tard.
- **Una configuració es desa a la memòria cau per identitat: crea un objecte nou.** El motor desa a la memòria cau les configuracions resoltes segons la identitat de l'objecte, de manera que modificar el mateix objecte i tornar a compondre reutilitza el resultat anterior. Crea un objecte nou a cada composició: per això la configuració d'una recepta és una funció, config().

- Les bafarades no entren en una franja de 8 mm al voltant del llom, tampoc les fixades amb `at`: un personatge dret al plec té la bafarada apartada a un costat. Deixa els personatges lluny del centre d'una vinyeta que creui el llom.
- Una bafarada no tapa dos personatges les cares dels quals es toquen, en una abraçada o en una baralla, encara que un d'ells sigui qui parla. A les edicions japonesa i àrab la doble pàgina es llegeix des de la dreta, el retrobament passa a la pàgina esquerra i la boina enlaire ocupa el seu racó de dalt a la dreta; les dues bafarades d'en Paco van sobre el mercat, al costat del seu cap, i no damunt de l'abraçada. Marca les dues cares al dibuix (`face`) perquè el motor vegi que es toquen.

## Crèdits

- Recepta: Ignacio Ferro ([@drnachio](https://github.com/drnachio))
- Text: ¡Abuelo! (Grandpa!), a two-page comic written for this recipe, in six languages: Postext Cookbook, CC-BY-4.0
- Imatges: Panorama of the crowded market hall: tiny Lola stands lost on the far left; far right, her grandfather searches the crowd.: Generated With Diffusion Models, original
- Imatges: Lola, tearful, stands among grown-ups' legs and shopping bags.: Generated With Diffusion Models, original
- Imatges: Paco stands on a fruit crate and whistles through his fingers; shoppers turn to look.: Generated With Diffusion Models, original
- Imatges: Lola leaps into her grandfather's arms; his beret flies off and the stallholders smile.: Generated With Diffusion Models, original
- Tipus de lletra: Patrick Hand (OFL-1.1), Bangers (OFL-1.1), Noto Sans SC (OFL-1.1), ZCOOL KuaiLe (OFL-1.1), Zen Antique (OFL-1.1), Dela Gothic One (OFL-1.1), Playpen Sans Arabic (OFL-1.1), Lalezar (OFL-1.1)
- Codi: MIT · Contingut d'exemple: CC-BY-4.0

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