Shaped verse: Herbert’s Easter Wings, centred line by line

// ═══ Postext Cookbook · Nº 062 · Shaped verse: Herbert's Easter Wings, centred line by line ═
// https://postext.dev/en/cookbook/shaped-verse
// Code: MIT · Text: G. Herbert, The Temple, 1633 (PD; EEBO-TCP, CC0) · Spanish version: CC BY 4.0
// Fonts: IM Fell English, Great Primer and English SC (SIL OFL 1.1) · Needs postext ≥ 1.4.1
import { buildDocument, renderPageToCanvas, clearMeasurementCache } from 'https://esm.sh/postext';

const LANG = 'en'; // @lang: the language of the sample document ('en' | 'es')
const RECIPE = 'shaped-verse';

// ─── 1 · Design ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
const palette = { // every colour in the config links to one of these
  ink: '#241d29', // the text: a violet-black
  violet: '#5c2a6f', // the one accent: the titles and the small-capital labels
  paper: '#fbf7ee', // the sheet: an uncoated cream
};
const col = (id) => ({ hex: palette[id], model: 'hex', paletteId: id });
const colorPalette = [
  ...Object.entries(palette).map(([id, hex]) => ({ id, name: id, value: { hex, model: 'hex' } })),
  // Italic and bold take their colour from 'main-color' unless set. With 'main-color' in ink,
  // the italic subtitle, epigraph and motto print in ink instead of the default blue.
  { id: 'main-color', name: 'ink (defaults)', value: { hex: palette.ink, model: 'hex' } },
];
const LEAD = 17; // pt: the leading of every line, verse and prose alike

// #region answer: centred text, one line of verse to a paragraph
// Postext joins the lines of a Markdown paragraph, so every line of the poem is a paragraph
// of its own, with a blank line after it. Centred, each line keeps its natural width on the
// axis of the measure, and the lengths Herbert gave his lines draw the figure:
//   Lord, who createdst man in wealth and store,
//
//   Though foolishly he lost the same,
//
//   Decaying more and more,
const verse = {
  fontFamily: 'IM Fell English', fontSize: pt(12.4), lineHeight: pt(LEAD), color: col('ink'),
  textAlign: 'center', // ragged on both sides; 1.4.1 hyphenates justified text only
  firstLineIndent: pt(0), // the default 1.5 em moves every line 3.3 mm off the titles' axis
};
// #endregion

// #region measure: an A5 leaf whose measure holds the longest line whole
// A line too long for the measure wraps, and both halves are centred, which adds a step to
// the outline.
// The widest line, 'Lord, who createdst man in wealth and store,', is 80.7 mm in 12.4 pt
// Fell, so the 110 mm measure takes every line of both poems whole.
const TRIM = { w: 148, h: 210 }; // mm: A5, one A4 sheet folded once
const MARGIN = { top: 22, bottom: 24, inner: 17, outer: 21 }; // mm: the measure is 110 mm
// #endregion

// #region titles: plain headings, centred, in the display face and the accent
// headings.textAlign centres every level. The Fell faces ship weight 400 only, so no level
// asks for bold.
const titles = {
  fontFamily: 'IM Fell Great Primer', fontWeight: 400, color: col('violet'), textAlign: 'center',
  levels: [
    // The keepsake's title opens page 1, where a break changes nothing. It is restated because
    // any headings object drops it, and a second # title would then run on
    // (gotcha: headings-drop-h1-break).
    { level: 1, fontSize: pt(40), lineHeight: pt(LEAD * 3), textTransform: 'uppercase',
      marginBottom: pt(LEAD), breakBefore: { enabled: true, parity: 'odd' } },
    // A poem opens the next page, recto or verso: The Altar (page 2) faces Easter Wings.
    // 1.4.1 drops the top margin of a heading that opens a page, so the title is lowered by
    // its line box instead: three lines deep, it sets the title about 5 mm down. The default
    // half-em margin under it rounds up to a whole line, and each poem starts on line 5.
    { level: 2, fontSize: pt(24), lineHeight: pt(LEAD * 3), textTransform: 'uppercase',
      breakBefore: { enabled: true, parity: 'any' } },
    // The small-capital labels on pages 1 and 4: the sister face at the body size, with no
    // margins, since the :::space lines place them.
    { level: 3, fontFamily: 'IM Fell English SC', fontSize: pt(12.4), lineHeight: pt(LEAD),
      marginTop: pt(0), marginBottom: pt(0) },
  ],
};
// #endregion

// #region pages: four pages, spaced and broken from the Markdown
// A blank line adds no space, so every gap on these pages is a :::space{lines=N}, which adds
// N lines of the 17 pt grid (one without the attribute). ## opens a page for each poem, and
// :::pagebreak opens the last page.
const config = () => ({ // a factory: the engine caches resolved configs per object
  colorPalette,
  page: { // mirror: left is the inner margin; 150 dpi is for the screen
    sizePreset: 'custom', width: mm(TRIM.w), height: mm(TRIM.h), dpi: 150,
    backgroundColor: col('paper'),
    margins: { top: mm(MARGIN.top), bottom: mm(MARGIN.bottom), left: mm(MARGIN.inner),
      right: mm(MARGIN.outer), mirror: true },
  },
  layout: { layoutType: 'single' }, // the default is two columns
  // 1.4.1 does not link referenceColor to main-color (gotcha: palette-skips-designs), so a
  // :ref added to these pages would print in the default blue.
  bodyText: { ...verse, referenceColor: col('ink') },
  headings: titles,
  header: { elements: [] }, // a folded keepsake of four pages: no running heads,
  footer: { elements: [] }, // and no folios
});
// #endregion

// ─── 2 · Content ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
const markdown = String.raw`---
Markdown sample · 129 lines · content.en.md
title: "The Temple"
author: "George Herbert"
---

# The Temple

*Sacred Poems and Private Ejaculations*

:::space

By Mr. George Herbert

:::space{lines=5}

### Psal. 29.

*In his Temple doth every man speak of his honour.*

:::space{lines=10}

### Two shaped poems

in the text of the first edition

Cambridge, 1633

## The Altar

A broken ALTAR, Lord, thy servant reares,

Made of a heart, and cemented with teares:

Whose parts are as thy hand did frame;

No workmans tool hath touch’d the same.

A HEART alone

Is such a stone,

As nothing but

Thy pow’r doth cut.

Wherefore each part

Of my hard heart

Meets in this frame,

To praise thy name.

That if I chance to hold my peace,

These stones to praise thee may not cease.

O let thy blessed SACRIFICE be mine,

And sanctifie this ALTAR to be thine.

## Easter Wings

Lord, who createdst man in wealth and store,

Though foolishly he lost the same,

Decaying more and more,

Till he became

Most poore:

With thee

O let me rise

As larks, harmoniously,

And sing this day thy victories:

Then shall the fall further the flight in me.

:::space

My tender age in sorrow did beginne:

And still with sicknesses and shame

Thou didst so punish sinne,

That I became

Most thinne.

With thee

Let me combine,

And feel this day thy victorie:

For, if I imp my wing on thine,

Affliction shall advance the flight in me.

:::pagebreak

### Herbert’s motto

*Lesse then the least of Gods mercies.*

:::space

With it, his printers wrote, he used to conclude “all things that might seem to tend any way to his own honour”.

:::space{lines=7}

### A note on the text

The poems keep the spelling of the first edition, printed at Cambridge in 1633. There “The Altar” stands upright on page 18, and the two stanzas of “Easter Wings” lie sideways on pages 34 and 35. Here they stand upright; give the booklet a quarter turn and each opens into a pair of wings.

:::space{lines=5}

Set in IM Fell English, English SC and Great Primer,

Igino Marini’s revivals of the types

John Fell gathered at Oxford.

Text from EEBO-TCP.
`; // content.<lang>.md, inlined by the Cookbook

// ─── 3 · Fonts ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
// Every face the design uses. Layout measures with the browser's fonts, so the
// kit loads them from Fontsource before the first build (gotcha: fonts-first).
const FONTS = {
  'IM Fell English': ['400', '400i'],
  'IM Fell Great Primer': ['400'],
  'IM Fell English SC': ['400'],
};

// ─── 4 · Build & show ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
await loadFonts(FONTS, markdown);
const doc = await buildWithFonts(() => buildDocument({ markdown }, config()), markdown);
showPages(doc, { title: t({ en: 'Easter Wings and The Altar', es: 'Alas de Pascua y El altar' }) });

Kit · core, fonts, viewer: the same in every recipe · 235 lines
// ─── Kit ── helpers shared by every Cookbook recipe · postext.dev/cookbook ─────

// ─── Kit · core v1 ── the same in every recipe · postext.dev/cookbook ─────────
function mm(value) { return { value, unit: 'mm' }; }
function pt(value) { return { value, unit: 'pt' }; }
function em(value) { return { value, unit: 'em' }; }
/** The sample language's string: t({ en: 'Figure', es: 'Figura' }). */
function t(strings) { return strings[LANG] ?? Object.values(strings)[0]; }
/** A file in this recipe's assets folder, served from the Postext repo by jsDelivr. */
function asset(file) { return `https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/drnachio/postext@main/cookbook/${RECIPE}/assets/${file}`; }

// ─── Kit · fonts v1 ── the same in every recipe · postext.dev/cookbook ────────
// Postext measures text with the faces the browser has loaded, and caches the
// widths, so every face must be ready before the first build. Faces come from
// Fontsource: the same static files the PDF embeds, so screen and PDF agree.

/** faces = { 'Family Name': ['400', '400i', '700'] }. `text` is the sample:
 *  letters beyond Latin-1 (č, ł, ő…) also load the latin-ext files. With
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 *  Resolves to the number of faces added. */
async function loadFonts(faces, text = '', { optional = false } = {}) {
  kitStatus('Loading fonts…');
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      + 'U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD',
    'latin-ext': 'U+0100-02BA,U+02BD-02C5,U+02C7-02CC,U+02CE-02D7,U+02DD-02FF,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,'
      + 'U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF',
  };
  const subsets = /[Ā-˿Ḁ-ỿ]/.test(text) ? ['latin', 'latin-ext'] : ['latin'];
  const jobs = [];
  let added = 0;
  for (const [family, specs] of Object.entries(faces)) {
    const id = fontsourceId(family);
    const meta = optional ? await fontsourceMeta(family) : null;
    for (const spec of new Set(specs)) {
      const weight = parseInt(spec, 10);
      const style = spec.endsWith('i') ? 'italic' : 'normal';
      if (hasFace(family, weight, style)) continue;
      if (optional && !(meta?.weights.includes(weight) && meta.styles.includes(style))) continue;
      for (const subset of subsets) {
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        }));
      }
    }
  }
  await Promise.all(jobs).catch((error) => { kitFail(error); throw error; });
  return added;
}

/** Runs `build` (a buildDocument or buildBundle call) and checks the faces
 *  the pages use. A regular face missing from FONTS is loaded with a warning;
 *  bold and italic variants are loaded when the family ships them. Then the
 *  measurement caches are cleared and the build runs again. */
async function buildWithFonts(build, text = '') {
  const tried = new Set();
  for (let round = 0; round < 3; round++) {
    kitStatus('Laying out…');
    await new Promise(requestAnimationFrame);          // let the status paint first
    const result = await Promise.resolve().then(build).catch((error) => { kitFail(error); throw error; });
    const wanted = { base: {}, variants: {} };
    for (const { font, base } of [result].flat().flatMap(fontStringsOf)) {
      const { family, weight, style } = parseFont(font);
      const key = `${family}|${weight}|${style}`;
      if (tried.has(key) || hasFace(family, weight, style)) continue;
      tried.add(key);
      (wanted[base ? 'base' : 'variants'][family] ??= []).push(`${weight}${style === 'italic' ? 'i' : ''}`);
    }
    if (Object.keys(wanted.base).length) {
      console.warn(`[cookbook] FONTS does not list ${JSON.stringify(wanted.base)}: loading them.`);
    }
    const added = await loadFonts(wanted.base, text) + await loadFonts(wanted.variants, text, { optional: true });
    if (added === 0) return result;
    clearMeasurementCache();
  }
  throw new Error('The fonts did not settle after three builds.');
}

/** Every font string of the layout. `base` marks a block's own face; its
 *  bold, italic and bold-italic variants are listed whether or not used. */
function fontStringsOf(doc) {
  const found = new Map();
  const walk = (node) => {
    if (!node || typeof node !== 'object') return;
    if (Array.isArray(node)) { node.forEach(walk); return; }
    for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(node)) {
      if (typeof value === 'string' && /fontString$/i.test(key)) {
        found.set(value, found.get(value) || key === 'fontString');
      } else if (value && typeof value === 'object') walk(value);
    }
  };
  walk(doc.pages);
  walk(doc.blocks);
  return [...found].map(([font, base]) => ({ font, base }));
}

/** '700 37.5px Open Sans' / 'italic 400 13px "Source Serif 4"' → { family, weight, style }.
 *  A string with no weight ('95.8px Young Serif', from a design text) is 400. */
function parseFont(font) {
  const m = /^(?:(italic|oblique)\s+)?(?:small-caps\s+)?(?:(\d+|bold|normal)\s+)?[\d.]+px\s+(.+)$/.exec(font.trim());
  if (!m) throw new Error(`Unexpected font string: ${font}`);
  const weight = m[2] === 'bold' ? 700 : !m[2] || m[2] === 'normal' ? 400 : Number(m[2]);
  return { family: m[3].replace(/^["']|["']$/g, ''), weight, style: m[1] ? 'italic' : 'normal' };
}

/** True when a loaded FontFace covers exactly this family, weight and style
 *  (document.fonts.check() is also true for families nobody declared). */
function hasFace(family, weight, style) {
  for (const face of document.fonts) {
    if (face.status !== 'loaded' || face.style !== style) continue;
    if (face.family.replace(/^["']|["']$/g, '') !== family) continue;
    const [low, high = low] = face.weight.split(' ').map(Number);
    if (weight >= low && weight <= high) return true;
  }
  return false;
}

/** Fontsource's id for a family: 'Source Serif 4' → 'source-serif-4'. */
function fontsourceId(family) { return family.toLowerCase().replace(/\s+/g, '-'); }

/** The weights and styles a family ships ({ weights: [400, 700], styles: ['normal', 'italic'] }), or null. */
function fontsourceMeta(family) {
  fontsourceMeta.cache ??= new Map();
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  if (!fontsourceMeta.cache.has(id)) {
    fontsourceMeta.cache.set(id, fetch(`https://api.fontsource.org/v1/fonts/${id}`)
      .then((res) => (res.ok ? res.json() : null), () => null));
  }
  return fontsourceMeta.cache.get(id);
}

// ─── Kit · viewer v1 ── the same in every recipe · postext.dev/cookbook ───────
/** Shows the pages as facing spreads on a dark desk: the first page is a
 *  recto on its own, then verso | recto pairs, as in a bound book. Pages
 *  are painted when they scroll near the screen. */
function showPages(docs, { title, width = 460 } = {}) {
  const root = viewer(title);
  const pages = [docs].flat().flatMap((doc) =>
    doc.pages.map((page) => ({ doc, page, n: (doc.pageIndexOffset ?? 0) + page.index })));
  const spreads = [];
  let verso = null;
  for (const p of pages) {
    if (p.n % 2 === 1) { if (verso) spreads.push([verso, null]); verso = p; }
    else { spreads.push([verso, p]); verso = null; }
  }
  if (verso) spreads.push([verso, null]);
  const density = Math.min(window.devicePixelRatio || 1, 2);
  showPages.painter?.disconnect();
  const painter = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => {
    for (const { isIntersecting, target } of entries) {
      if (!isIntersecting) continue;
      painter.unobserve(target);
      const { doc, page } = target.postext;
      renderPageToCanvas(page, doc, target, { scale: (width * density) / page.width });
    }
  }, { rootMargin: '800px' });
  showPages.painter = painter;
  root.replaceChildren(...spreads.map((pair) => {
    const spread = document.createElement('div');
    spread.className = 'pt-spread';
    for (const p of pair) {
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        canvas.setAttribute('aria-label', `Page ${label}`);
        const folio = document.createElement('figcaption');
        folio.textContent = label;
        figure.append(canvas, folio);
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    return spread;
  }));
  kitStatus(`${pages.length} ${pages.length === 1 ? 'page' : 'pages'}`);
  document.documentElement.dataset.postext = 'ready';
  return pages.length;
}

/** The desk, the bar and the error reporting, created once. */
function viewer(title) {
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    document.head.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', `<style id="pt-kit">
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      #pt-bar { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 1; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center;
        gap: 6px 16px; padding: 10px 16px; background: rgb(14 16 20 / .92); backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
        border-bottom: 1px solid #23262d; }
      #pt-bar strong { color: #f4f1ea; font-weight: 600; }
      #pt-actions { display: flex; gap: 12px; margin-left: auto; }
      #pt-actions a, #pt-actions button { color: #d8a21a; font: inherit; background: none; border: 0; padding: 0; cursor: pointer; }
      #pages { display: grid; justify-items: center; gap: 48px; padding: 32px 16px 72px; }
      .pt-spread { display: flex; }
      .pt-spread figure { margin: 0; width: min(460px, 44vw); }
      .pt-spread canvas { display: block; width: 100%; background: #fff;
        box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / .5), 0 22px 44px -16px rgb(0 0 0 / .8); }
      .pt-spread figure:first-child canvas { box-shadow: inset -14px 0 14px -14px rgb(0 0 0 / .18), 0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / .5), 0 22px 44px -16px rgb(0 0 0 / .8); }
      .pt-spread figcaption { margin-top: 10px; text-align: center; font: 600 10px/1 system-ui, sans-serif;
        letter-spacing: .18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #6c7079; }
      .pt-blank { visibility: hidden; }
      @media (max-width: 760px) {
        .pt-spread { flex-direction: column; gap: 32px; }
        .pt-spread figure { width: min(460px, 92vw); }
        .pt-blank { display: none; }
      }
    </style>`);
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    document.getElementById('pt-title').textContent = document.title || 'Postext';
    addEventListener('error', (event) => kitFail(event.error ?? event.message));
    addEventListener('unhandledrejection', (event) => kitFail(event.reason));
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  if (title) document.getElementById('pt-title').textContent = title;
  return document.getElementById('pages')
    ?? document.body.appendChild(Object.assign(document.createElement('main'), { id: 'pages' }));
}

function kitStatus(text) {
  viewer();
  document.getElementById('pt-status').textContent = text;
}

function kitFail(error) {
  document.documentElement.dataset.postext = 'error';
  kitStatus(`Error: ${error?.message ?? error}`);
}

// ─── /Kit ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────