# Due strisce yonkoma su una pagina

> Una pagina di strisce comiche in quattro vignette: due colonne di quattro vignette, la striscia di destra letta per prima, ognuna titolata in un riquadro nero.

- Versione HTML: https://postext.dev/it/cookbook/yonkoma
- Ricetta Nº 151 · Fumetti e manga · Livello 2 (Intermedio) · Output: Canvas, PDF
- Generi: Fumetti
- Richiede postext ≥ 1.25.1, postext-pdf ≥ 1.25.1 · provata con 1.33.7, postext-pdf 1.33.7 il 2026-10-15
- Pagine: [1](https://postext.dev/cookbook/yonkoma/it/p01.webp?v=6a7efeb6), [1](https://postext.dev/cookbook/yonkoma/it/p02.webp?v=6a7efeb6)
- PDF: https://postext.dev/cookbook/yonkoma/it/yonkoma.pdf?v=6a7efeb6
- Apri nella Sandbox: https://postext.dev/it/sandbox#recipe=yonkoma&lang=it (.postext: https://postext.dev/cookbook/yonkoma/it/yonkoma.postext)
- Ultimo aggiornamento: 2026-10-11
- Altre lingue: [en](https://postext.dev/en/cookbook/yonkoma.md), [es](https://postext.dev/es/cookbook/yonkoma.md), [ca](https://postext.dev/ca/cookbook/yonkoma.md), [de](https://postext.dev/de/cookbook/yonkoma.md), [fr](https://postext.dev/fr/cookbook/yonkoma.md), [pt](https://postext.dev/pt/cookbook/yonkoma.md), [zh](https://postext.dev/zh/cookbook/yonkoma.md), [ja](https://postext.dev/ja/cookbook/yonkoma.md), [ar](https://postext.dev/ar/cookbook/yonkoma.md)

## In breve

Una pagina di brevi strisce a fumetti giapponesi, di quattro vignette ciascuna, affiancate come le stampa una rivista di manga: leggi la striscia di destra dall’alto in basso, poi quella di sinistra.

## Che cosa comporrai

Una pagina da un’antologia di yonkoma, ねこ喫茶まどろみ (*Caffè Pisolino*), scritta per la ricetta e disegnata in un morbido stile chibi: Mugi gestisce un caffè dei gatti con un gatto bianco, uno nero e uno tricolore. Gli yonkoma, strisce in quattro vignette, sono la striscia comica dei giornali messa in piedi: quattro vignette uguali impilate dall’alto in basso, impostazione, sviluppo, svolta, battuta finale. Una pagina di rivista ne porta due affiancate, e poiché la pagina si apre da destra, la striscia di destra viene per prima. La pagina è A5, 148 × 210 mm, con l’originale giapponese su un lato della doppia pagina e l’edizione nella lingua di questa pagina sull’altro (l’inglese nella pagina giapponese).

**Questa ricetta risponde a:**

- Come compongo due strisce yonkoma di quattro vignette affiancate, con quella di destra letta per prima?

## La risposta breve

```js
// script.js, righe 46–64
// content.<lang>.md splits the page `* [* / * / * / *] | * [* / * / * / *]`: two equal
// columns, each cut into four equal panels. The reading direction lays the first column
// out on the right, so the strip that opens the page is the right-hand one, as in a
// yonkoma magazine, and each strip still reads top to bottom. The gutter between the
// strips is wider than the gutters between their panels, so the eye drops down a strip
// before it crosses to the next.
const comics = (lang) => ({
  artDirection: 'rtl', // the right strip first, in every edition
  mirrorArt: false,
  gutter: { horizontal: mm(3), vertical: mm(9) }, // 3 mm between panels, 9 mm between strips
  panel: { borderWidth: pt(0.9), borderColor: col('ink'), background: col('paper') },
  lettering: {
    fontFamily: EDITIONS[lang].faces[0], color: col('ink'),
    fontSize: pt(['ja', 'zh'].includes(lang) ? 8 : 7), // a yonkoma letters smaller than a story
    writingMode: lang === 'zh' ? 'vertical' : 'auto',
    maxColumnChars: 6, // short columns: a yonkoma panel is wider than it is tall
  },
  balloonStyles: balloons(),
});
```

## Ingredienti

**Insegna**

- [Divisione in vignette](https://postext.dev/it/docs/comics.md#dividere-la-tavola): split= taglia la pagina in vignette con una breve espressione: strisce impilate con /, vignette affiancate con |, dimensioni in percentuale, intercolonne inclinate con 30~40, e parentesi per dividere di nuovo una cella.
- [Direzione di lettura e ordine manga](https://postext.dev/it/docs/comics.md#direzione-di-lettura): Le vignette riempiono le celle nell’ordine di lettura: da sinistra a destra, o da destra a sinistra per i manga e per le lingue che si scrivono da destra a sinistra; comics.artDirection e mirrorArt decidono quando il disegno viene ribaltato di conseguenza.

**Usa anche**

- [Testo verticale](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-page-layout.md#scrittura-verticale)
- [Font cinesi, giapponesi e coreani](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-programmatic-usage.md#font-cinesi-giapponesi-e-coreani)
- [Bordi e spazi delle vignette](https://postext.dev/it/docs/comics.md#vignette-e-disegni)
- [Disegni nelle vignette e ritagli](https://postext.dev/it/docs/comics.md#vignette-e-disegni)
- [Rifare il lettering in altre lingue](https://postext.dev/it/docs/comics.md#lettering)
- [Parlanti e ancoraggi](https://postext.dev/it/docs/comics.md#personaggi-e-ancore)
- [Pagine a fumetti](https://postext.dev/it/docs/comics.md#tavole-a-fumetti)
- [Lettering dei fumetti](https://postext.dev/it/docs/comics.md#lettering)
- [Stili delle nuvolette](https://postext.dev/it/docs/comics.md#stili-delle-nuvolette)
- [Effetti sonori](https://postext.dev/it/docs/comics.md#stili-delle-nuvolette)
- [Libri rilegati a destra](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-page-layout.md#rilegatura)
- [Tavolozza di colori semantica](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-fonts-colors-viewers.md#tavolozza-dei-colori)
- [Pagine su un canvas](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-programmatic-usage.md#rendere-una-pagina-come-bitmap)
- [Esportazione in PDF](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-programmatic-usage.md#generare-pdf)
- [Divisione in righe del cinese](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-east-asian.md#tipografia-dellasia-orientale)
- [Colore della carta](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-page-layout.md#pagina)
- [Font incorporati nel PDF](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-programmatic-usage.md#perché-un-provider-di-font)
- [Figure e tabelle come risorse](https://postext.dev/it/docs/document-format.md#risorse)

**La configurazione in breve**

- [`bodyText`](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-text.md#testo-corrente), [`colorPalette`](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-fonts-colors-viewers.md#tavolozza-dei-colori), [`comics`](https://postext.dev/it/docs/comics.md#tavole-a-fumetti), [`footer`](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-page-layout.md#intestazioni-e-piè-di-pagina), [`header`](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-page-layout.md#intestazioni-e-piè-di-pagina), [`headings`](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-text.md#titoli), [`locale`](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-text.md#sillabazione), [`page`](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-page-layout.md#pagina)

**API**

- [`buildDocument`](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-programmatic-usage.md#costruire-un-documento), [`decompressWoff2`](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-programmatic-usage.md#provider-di-font-per-il-browser-fontsource--woff2), `loadVerticalAlternates`, [`registerResourceImage`](https://postext.dev/it/docs/architecture.md#superficie-dellapi), [`renderPageToCanvas`](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-programmatic-usage.md#rendere-una-pagina-come-bitmap), [`renderToPdf`](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-programmatic-usage.md#generare-pdf), [`withLoadedFonts`](https://postext.dev/it/docs/configuration-programmatic-usage.md#caricare-i-font-prima-dellimpaginazione)

**Caratteri**

- Zen Antique (OFL-1.1), Dela Gothic One (OFL-1.1), Comic Neue (OFL-1.1), Bangers (OFL-1.1), Noto Sans SC (OFL-1.1), ZCOOL KuaiLe (OFL-1.1), Playpen Sans Arabic (OFL-1.1), Lalezar (OFL-1.1)

## Preparazione

### 1 · Dividi la pagina in due colonne di quattro

Il codice è [la risposta breve](https://postext.dev/it/cookbook/yonkoma.md#la-risposta-breve) qui sopra. L’intera pagina è un solo `:::page` con `split="* [* / * / * / *] | * [* / * / * / *]"`: due colonne uguali, ognuna tagliata in quattro file uguali. Le otto righe `::panel` riempiono le celle nell’ordine di lettura, quindi le prime quattro appartengono alla prima striscia, e con la lettura da destra a sinistra la prima colonna si impagina a destra ([suddivisione della tavola](https://postext.dev/it/docs/comics.md#dividere-la-tavola)). L’intervallo tra le strisce è di 9 mm e quello tra le vignette di 3 mm, così l’occhio scende lungo una striscia prima di passare alla successiva.

### 2 · Dai un titolo a ogni striscia nella sua prima vignetta

```js
// script.js, righe 68–75
const balloons = () => [
  { id: 'speech', fill: col('paper'), stroke: col('ink'), strokeWidth: pt(0.6), roundness: 2.4 },
  { id: 'shout', fill: col('paper'), stroke: col('ink'), burstPoints: 16 },
  // caption{title}: the strip's title, white on black in the first panel's corner
  { id: 'title', shape: 'rectangle', fill: col('ink'), stroke: col('ink'), color: col('paper'),
    bold: true, tail: 'none', position: 'top-start', butt: true, align: 'center' },
  { id: 'sfx', color: col('ink'), haloColor: col('paper'), fontScale: 1.8 }, // chibi: small effects
];
```

Uno yonkoma ha un titolo, e un’antologia lo stampa in un riquadro in testa alla striscia. Qui il titolo è una riga del copione, `caption{title}: 朝ごはん`, e `title` è uno stile di balloon a sé: bianco su nero, a filo del bordo della vignetta nell’angolo superiore iniziale, che in questo libro è quello in alto a destra. Si scrive in ogni edizione come qualunque altra riga, quindi la pagina italiana dice *Colazione* e *Terapia* negli stessi riquadri.

### 3 · Marca anche i gatti come personaggi che parlano

```js
// script.js, righe 209–350
const cat = (id, x, y, fx, fy, w = 0.12, h = 0.15) => ({ id, x, y,
  face: { x: fx, y: fy, width: w, height: h } });
const nose = (id, x, y) => ({ id, x, y, head: { x, y: y - 0.04 } }); // cats asleep or eating
const ART = { // fractions of the picture: the same in every language
  door: {
    alt: t({ en: "Mugi unlocks the café's glass door; the white, black and calico cats wait.",
      es: 'Mugi abre la puerta de cristal del café; dentro esperan los tres gatos.',
      ca: 'La Mugi obre la porta de vidre del cafè; a dins esperen els tres gats.',
      zh: '麦打开猫咖的玻璃门，三只猫在里面等着。',
      ar: 'موغي تفتح باب المقهى الزجاجي، والقطط الثلاث تنتظر في الداخل.',
      ja: '猫カフェのガラス戸を開けるむぎ。中で3匹の猫が待っている。',
      fr: 'Mugi ouvre la porte vitrée du café ; à l’intérieur, les trois chats attendent.',
      de: 'Mugi schließt die Glastür des Cafés auf; drinnen warten die drei Katzen.',
      it: 'Mugi apre la porta a vetri del caffè; dentro aspettano i tre gatti.',
      pt: 'Mugi abre a porta de vidro do café; lá dentro, os três gatos esperam.' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.09, y: 0.19, width: 0.81, height: 0.52 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'mugi', x: 0.205, y: 0.385, head: { x: 0.17, y: 0.25 },
    face: { x: 0.1, y: 0.2, width: 0.2, height: 0.23 } },
  cat('shiro', 0.5, 0.66, 0.44, 0.55, 0.13), cat('kuro', 0.66, 0.62, 0.61, 0.52, 0.12, 0.14),
  cat('mike', 0.83, 0.645, 0.77, 0.53, 0.12, 0.16)] },
  bowls: {
    alt: t({ en: 'Mugi sets out full food bowls in front of the three cats.',
      es: 'Mugi pone cuencos llenos delante de los tres gatos.',
      ca: 'La Mugi posa bols plens de menjar davant dels tres gats.',
      zh: '麦把装满猫粮的碗摆在三只猫面前。',
      ar: 'موغي تضع صحون طعام ممتلئة أمام القطط الثلاث.',
      ja: '3匹の猫の前に、ご飯を盛った器を並べるむぎ。',
      fr: 'Mugi pose des bols pleins de nourriture devant les trois chats.',
      de: 'Mugi stellt den drei Katzen volle Futternäpfe hin.',
      it: 'Mugi mette le ciotole piene di cibo davanti ai tre gatti.',
      pt: 'Mugi põe tigelas cheias de comida na frente dos três gatos.' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.16, y: 0.26, width: 0.74, height: 0.65 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'mugi', x: 0.27, y: 0.465, head: { x: 0.25, y: 0.3 },
    face: { x: 0.17, y: 0.26, width: 0.16, height: 0.24 } },
  cat('shiro', 0.37, 0.63, 0.31, 0.52, 0.13, 0.16), cat('kuro', 0.6, 0.64, 0.55, 0.52, 0.11, 0.16),
  cat('mike', 0.82, 0.62, 0.76, 0.52, 0.12, 0.14)] },
  onebowl: {
    alt: t({ en: 'All three cats push their heads into the same bowl; the others stay full.',
      es: 'Los tres gatos meten la cabeza en el mismo cuenco; los otros siguen llenos.',
      ca: 'Els tres gats fiquen el cap al mateix bol; els altres continuen plens.',
      zh: '三只猫把头挤进同一个碗里，另外两个碗还满着。',
      ar: 'القطط الثلاث تدسّ رؤوسها في الصحن نفسه، والصحنان الآخران ممتلئان.',
      ja: '3匹そろって同じ器に頭を突っこみ、ほかの器は手つかず。',
      fr: 'Les trois chats plongent la tête dans le même bol ; les autres restent pleins.',
      de: 'Alle drei Katzen stecken den Kopf in denselben Napf; die anderen bleiben voll.',
      it: 'I tre gatti infilano la testa nella stessa ciotola; le altre restano piene.',
      pt: 'Os três gatos enfiam a cabeça na mesma tigela; as outras continuam cheias.' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.05, y: 0.27, width: 0.88, height: 0.66 },
  anchors: [nose('shiro', 0.33, 0.66), nose('kuro', 0.5, 0.6), nose('mike', 0.66, 0.68),
    { id: 'sfx', x: 0.5, y: 0.3 }] },
  toast: {
    alt: t({ en: 'Mugi bites her toast while the three cats stare at it with shining eyes.',
      es: 'Mugi muerde su tostada mientras los tres gatos la miran con ojos brillantes.',
      ca: 'La Mugi mossega la torrada mentre els tres gats la miren amb ulls brillants.',
      zh: '麦咬着吐司，三只猫眼睛发亮地盯着。',
      ar: 'موغي تقضم خبزها المحمّص والقطط الثلاث تحدّق فيه بعيون لامعة.',
      ja: 'トーストをかじるむぎを、3匹がきらきらした目で見つめる。',
      fr: 'Mugi croque sa tartine tandis que les trois chats la fixent, les yeux brillants.',
      de: 'Mugi beißt in ihren Toast, während die drei Katzen ihn mit leuchtenden Augen '
        + 'anstarren.',
      it: 'Mugi addenta il suo toast e i tre gatti lo fissano con gli occhi che brillano.',
      pt: 'Mugi morde a torrada enquanto os três gatos olham para ela com olhos brilhando.' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.09, y: 0.22, width: 0.85, height: 0.56 },
  avoid: [{ x: 0.6, y: 0.52, width: 0.15, height: 0.1 }],
  anchors: [{ id: 'mugi', x: 0.8, y: 0.5, head: { x: 0.85, y: 0.32 },
    face: { x: 0.75, y: 0.25, width: 0.2, height: 0.33 } },
  cat('shiro', 0.17, 0.71, 0.1, 0.6, 0.14, 0.16), cat('kuro', 0.32, 0.73, 0.26, 0.62, 0.12, 0.14),
  cat('mike', 0.46, 0.66, 0.4, 0.56, 0.12, 0.14)] },
  guest: {
    alt: t({ en: 'A tired office worker walks in, arms out; Mugi greets him from the counter.',
      es: 'Un oficinista cansado entra con los brazos abiertos; Mugi lo saluda desde la barra.',
      ca: 'Un oficinista cansat entra amb els braços oberts; la Mugi el saluda des de la barra.',
      zh: '一个疲惫的上班族张着双臂走进来，麦在柜台后招呼他。',
      ar: 'موظف متعب يدخل فاتحًا ذراعيه، وموغي ترحّب به من خلف المنضدة.',
      ja: '両手を広げて入ってくる疲れた会社員と、カウンターから迎えるむぎ。',
      fr: 'Un employé de bureau fatigué entre les bras ouverts ; Mugi l’accueille depuis le '
        + 'comptoir.',
      de: 'Ein müder Büroangestellter kommt mit offenen Armen herein; Mugi begrüßt ihn '
        + 'von der Theke aus.',
      it: 'Un impiegato stanco entra a braccia aperte; Mugi lo accoglie dal bancone.',
      pt: 'Um funcionário de escritório cansado entra de braços abertos; Mugi o recebe do '
        + 'balcão.' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.13, y: 0.14, width: 0.74, height: 0.51 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'kyaku', x: 0.31, y: 0.42, head: { x: 0.28, y: 0.3 },
    face: { x: 0.19, y: 0.22, width: 0.21, height: 0.26 } },
  { id: 'mugi', x: 0.76, y: 0.39, head: { x: 0.76, y: 0.28 },
    face: { x: 0.68, y: 0.2, width: 0.18, height: 0.25 } }] },
  nap: {
    alt: t({ en: 'The three cats asleep in one pile on a round cushion.',
      es: 'Los tres gatos dormidos en un montón sobre un cojín redondo.',
      ca: 'Els tres gats adormits en un munt sobre un coixí rodó.',
      zh: '三只猫挤成一团睡在圆垫子上。',
      ar: 'القطط الثلاث نائمة كومةً واحدة على وسادة مستديرة.',
      ja: '丸いクッションの上で、ひとかたまりになって眠る3匹。',
      fr: 'Les trois chats dorment en tas sur un coussin rond.',
      de: 'Die drei Katzen schlafen auf einem Haufen auf einem runden Kissen.',
      it: 'I tre gatti dormono ammucchiati su un cuscino rotondo.',
      pt: 'Os três gatos dormem amontoados numa almofada redonda.' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.27, y: 0.21, width: 0.52, height: 0.55 },
  anchors: [nose('shiro', 0.4, 0.42), nose('kuro', 0.41, 0.7), nose('mike', 0.72, 0.58),
    { id: 'sfx', x: 0.3, y: 0.25 }] },
  laptop: {
    alt: t({ en: 'The office worker sighs at a café table and opens his laptop.',
      es: 'El oficinista suspira en una mesa del café y abre el portátil.',
      ca: 'L’oficinista sospira en una taula del cafè i obre el portàtil.',
      zh: '上班族在咖啡桌前叹了口气，打开笔记本电脑。',
      ar: 'الموظف يتنهّد إلى طاولة في المقهى ويفتح حاسوبه.',
      ja: 'カフェのテーブルでため息をつき、ノートパソコンを開く会社員。',
      fr: 'L’employé soupire à une table du café et ouvre son ordinateur portable.',
      de: 'Der Büroangestellte seufzt an einem Cafétisch und klappt seinen Laptop auf.',
      it: 'L’impiegato sospira a un tavolino del caffè e apre il portatile.',
      pt: 'O funcionário suspira numa mesa do café e abre o notebook.' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.22, y: 0.25, width: 0.56, height: 0.55 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'kyaku', x: 0.45, y: 0.62, head: { x: 0.39, y: 0.4 },
    face: { x: 0.3, y: 0.3, width: 0.22, height: 0.38 } }] },
  keyboard: {
    alt: t({ en: 'The three cats sit on the keyboard; the worker cries tears of joy.',
      es: 'Los tres gatos se sientan en el teclado; el oficinista llora de alegría.',
      ca: 'Els tres gats seuen damunt del teclat; l’oficinista plora d’alegria.',
      zh: '三只猫坐在键盘上，上班族喜极而泣。',
      ar: 'القطط الثلاث تجلس على لوحة المفاتيح، والموظف يبكي من الفرح.',
      ja: 'キーボードの上に座る3匹と、うれし泣きする会社員。',
      fr: 'Les trois chats s’assoient sur le clavier ; l’employé pleure de joie.',
      de: 'Die drei Katzen setzen sich auf die Tastatur; der Angestellte weint vor Freude.',
      it: 'I tre gatti si siedono sulla tastiera; l’impiegato piange di gioia.',
      pt: 'Os três gatos sentam no teclado; o funcionário chora de alegria.' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.07, y: 0.1, width: 0.81, height: 0.78 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'kyaku', x: 0.29, y: 0.42, head: { x: 0.25, y: 0.2 },
    face: { x: 0.15, y: 0.1, width: 0.27, height: 0.4 } },
  cat('shiro', 0.42, 0.57, 0.36, 0.48, 0.13, 0.14), cat('kuro', 0.59, 0.6, 0.53, 0.5, 0.12, 0.14),
  cat('mike', 0.74, 0.62, 0.68, 0.52, 0.12, 0.14)] },
};
const panels = () => Promise.all([
  comicPanel('door', asset('neko-door.jpg'), ART.door),
  comicPanel('bowls', asset('neko-bowls.jpg'), ART.bowls),
  comicPanel('onebowl', asset('neko-onebowl.jpg'), ART.onebowl),
  comicPanel('toast', asset('neko-toast.jpg'), ART.toast),
  comicPanel('guest', asset('neko-guest.jpg'), ART.guest),
  comicPanel('nap', asset('neko-nap.jpg'), ART.nap),
  comicPanel('laptop', asset('neko-laptop.jpg'), ART.laptop),
  comicPanel('keyboard', asset('neko-keyboard.jpg'), ART.keyboard),
]);
```

I gatti parlano, `kuro: にゃ`, quindi ogni immagine marca le loro bocche e i loro musi come marca quelli di Mugi. Due piccole funzioni d’aiuto tengono corto l’elenco: `cat()` per un gatto rivolto verso chi legge e `nose()` per uno con il muso affondato in una ciotola o in un cuscino. Nella terza vignetta Mugi è fuori dall’immagine, e la sua battuta `mugi{tail=top}` riceve una coda verso il bordo superiore.

### 4 · Carica i caratteri di ogni edizione con le sue parole

```js
// script.js, righe 354–366
const SFX = /^sfx[^:：\n]*[:：](.*)$/gm; // sound-effect lines: the second face sets them
async function loadEdition(lang) {
  const text = TEXT[lang];
  const [face, sfx] = EDITIONS[lang].faces;
  const faces = { [face]: FONTS[face], [sfx]: FONTS[sfx] };
  if (['ja', 'zh'].includes(lang)) { // CJK: only the files that hold these characters
    const effects = [...text.matchAll(SFX)].map((m) => m[1]).join('');
    await loadCjkFonts({ [face]: FONTS[face] }, text.replace(SFX, ''), { vertical: true });
    await loadCjkFonts({ [sfx]: FONTS[sfx] }, effects, { vertical: true });
  }
  if (lang === 'ar') await loadArabicFonts(faces, text);
  await loadComicFonts(faces, text); // the bold and italic the faces do not ship
}
```

Ogni carattere riceve le parole che compone: Zen Antique i balloon, Dela Gothic One gli effetti sonori (ガツガツ, じーっ, すやぁ, ずしっ). Una vignetta di yonkoma è più larga che alta, quindi le colonne giapponesi si fermano a sei caratteri (`maxColumnChars: 6`) e il lettering è mezzo punto più piccolo che in una tavola di una storia.

### 5 · Metti l’originale accanto a ogni edizione

```js
// script.js, righe 371–381
const FACING = LANG === 'ja' ? 'en' : LANG; // Japanese readers see the English edition
const TEXT = { ja: original, [FACING]: LANG === 'ja' ? english : markdown };
await loadFonts(FONTS, Object.values(TEXT).join('\n'));
const resources = await panels();
const build = async (lang) => { // the same pictures and page; this language's lettering
  await loadEdition(lang);
  return withLoadedFonts(() => buildDocument({ markdown: TEXT[lang], resources,
    continuation: { pageIndexOffset: lang === 'ja' ? 1 : 2 } }, edition(lang)),
    { ...kitFonts(FONTS), text: TEXT[lang] });
};
const docs = [await build('ja'), await build(FACING)];
```

Ogni lingua del sito scrive il lettering delle strisce nel proprio file, di fronte all’originale giapponese sulla doppia pagina; la pagina giapponese sta di fronte all’edizione inglese. L’ordine resta con la striscia di destra per prima in ogni lingua.

## La ricetta completa

Un unico file, composto a partire dalla cartella della ricetta con il testo di esempio e il kit comune del Ricettario già inclusi; costruisce la propria pagina. Per eseguirlo, mettilo in uno `<script type="module">` di una pagina vuota, oppure incollalo nel pannello JS di un nuovo pen di CodePen (come modulo). Importa postext da esm.sh: non c’è niente da installare né da compilare.

- Cartella della ricetta: https://github.com/drnachio/postext/tree/main/cookbook/yonkoma

### script.js

```js
// ═══ Postext Cookbook · Nº 151 · Two yonkoma strips on a page ═════════════════════════
// https://postext.dev/en/cookbook/yonkoma
// Code: MIT · Story: written for the recipe (CC BY 4.0) · Pictures: generated with diffusion models
// Fonts: Zen Antique, Comic Neue and six more (SIL OFL 1.1) · Needs postext ≥ 1.25.1
// A page of a cat-café yonkoma: two four-panel strips side by side, the right one first.
import {
  buildDocument, withLoadedFonts, renderPageToCanvas, registerResourceImage, loadVerticalAlternates,
} from 'https://esm.sh/postext';
import { renderToPdf, decompressWoff2 } from 'https://esm.sh/postext-pdf';

const LANG = 'it'; // @lang: this edition's language; the Japanese original faces it
const RECIPE = 'yonkoma';

// ─── 1 · Design ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
// #region palette: black ink on a warm white, one screen-tone grey
const palette = {
  ink: '#151413', // panel borders, balloon outlines, the lettering
  paper: '#fdfcf9', // the page and the balloons
  tone: '#e8e6e1', // the inner-voice box, a light screen tone
  muted: '#6f6b64',
  accent: '#a8322b', // the cover red (the Folio case in recipe.json)
};
const col = (id) => ({ hex: palette[id], model: 'hex', paletteId: id });
const colorPalette = [
  ...Object.entries(palette).map(([id, hex]) => ({ id, name: id, value: { hex, model: 'hex' } })),
  { id: 'main-color', name: 'ink (defaults)', value: { hex: palette.ink, model: 'hex' } },
];
// #endregion

// The engine's lettering and sound-effect faces per language (defaultComicFont and
// defaultComicSfxFont), written out so FONTS and the PDF know them.
const EDITIONS = {
  ja: { locale: 'ja', faces: ['Zen Antique', 'Dela Gothic One'] },
  en: { locale: 'en-us', faces: ['Comic Neue', 'Bangers'] },
  es: { locale: 'es', faces: ['Comic Neue', 'Bangers'] },
  ca: { locale: 'ca', faces: ['Comic Neue', 'Bangers'] },
  zh: { locale: 'zh-Hans', faces: ['Noto Sans SC', 'ZCOOL KuaiLe'] },
  ar: { locale: 'ar', faces: ['Playpen Sans Arabic', 'Lalezar'] },
  pt: { locale: 'pt-BR', faces: ['Comic Neue', 'Bangers'] },
  fr: { locale: 'fr', faces: ['Comic Neue', 'Bangers'] },
  de: { locale: 'de', faces: ['Comic Neue', 'Bangers'] },
  it: { locale: 'it', faces: ['Comic Neue', 'Bangers'] },
};

// #region answer: two columns of four, read from the right
// content.<lang>.md splits the page `* [* / * / * / *] | * [* / * / * / *]`: two equal
// columns, each cut into four equal panels. The reading direction lays the first column
// out on the right, so the strip that opens the page is the right-hand one, as in a
// yonkoma magazine, and each strip still reads top to bottom. The gutter between the
// strips is wider than the gutters between their panels, so the eye drops down a strip
// before it crosses to the next.
const comics = (lang) => ({
  artDirection: 'rtl', // the right strip first, in every edition
  mirrorArt: false,
  gutter: { horizontal: mm(3), vertical: mm(9) }, // 3 mm between panels, 9 mm between strips
  panel: { borderWidth: pt(0.9), borderColor: col('ink'), background: col('paper') },
  lettering: {
    fontFamily: EDITIONS[lang].faces[0], color: col('ink'),
    fontSize: pt(['ja', 'zh'].includes(lang) ? 8 : 7), // a yonkoma letters smaller than a story
    writingMode: lang === 'zh' ? 'vertical' : 'auto',
    maxColumnChars: 6, // short columns: a yonkoma panel is wider than it is tall
  },
  balloonStyles: balloons(),
});
// #endregion

// #region balloons: round speech, and a black box for each strip's title
const balloons = () => [
  { id: 'speech', fill: col('paper'), stroke: col('ink'), strokeWidth: pt(0.6), roundness: 2.4 },
  { id: 'shout', fill: col('paper'), stroke: col('ink'), burstPoints: 16 },
  // caption{title}: the strip's title, white on black in the first panel's corner
  { id: 'title', shape: 'rectangle', fill: col('ink'), stroke: col('ink'), color: col('paper'),
    bold: true, tail: 'none', position: 'top-start', butt: true, align: 'center' },
  { id: 'sfx', color: col('ink'), haloColor: col('paper'), fontScale: 1.8 }, // chibi: small effects
];
// #endregion

const config = () => ({
  // Each edition's language, written out (gotcha: ja-locale-tag); the original is built
  // with 'ja' in every edition (edition('ja') below).
  locale: t({ ja: 'ja', en: 'en-us', es: 'es', ca: 'ca', zh: 'zh-Hans', ar: 'ar', pt: 'pt-BR',
    fr: 'fr', de: 'de', it: 'it' }),
  colorPalette,
  page: {
    sizePreset: 'custom', width: mm(148), height: mm(210), dpi: 150, // A5, a yonkoma anthology
    binding: 'right', backgroundColor: col('paper'), // manga open from the right, in any language
    margins: { top: mm(15), bottom: mm(15), left: mm(14), right: mm(14), mirror: true },
  },
  bodyText: {
    fontFamily: 'Zen Antique', fontSize: pt(9), lineHeight: pt(15), color: col('ink'),
    boldColor: col('ink'), italicColor: col('ink'), referenceColor: col('ink'),
  },
  headings: { fontFamily: 'Zen Antique', color: col('ink'),
    levels: [{ level: 1, breakBefore: { enabled: true, parity: 'any' } }] }, // the H1 break
  header: { elements: [] }, // comic pages are all panels: no running heads, no folios
  footer: { elements: [] },
  comics: comics(LANG),
});
// Another edition changes the language and the faces; the strips and their order stay.
const edition = (lang) => ({ ...config(), locale: EDITIONS[lang].locale, comics: comics(lang) });

// ─── 2 · Content ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
const markdown = String.raw`---
title: "Caffè Pisolino"
author: "Postext Cookbook"
---

:::page{split="* [* / * / * / *] | * [* / * / * / *]"}
::panel{art=door}
caption{title}: Colazione
mugi: Buongiorno a tutti!
kuro: Miao.
::panel{art=bowls}
mugi: Una ciotola a testa, va bene?
::panel{art=onebowl}
sfx: GNAM GNAM
mugi{tail=top}: …Perché tutti nella stessa?
::panel{art=toast}
sfx: FISSA
mugi: Avete appena mangiato!
::panel{art=guest}
caption{title}: Terapia
kyaku: Vengo a farmi curare dai gatti…
mugi: Benvenuto!
::panel{art=nap}
sfx: zzz
kyaku{tail=top}: …Dormono tutti.
::panel{art=laptop}
kyaku: Va bene. Lavoro un po’…
::panel{art=keyboard}
sfx{at="70% 80%" rotate=-10}: TONF!
kyaku{shout}: Non riesco a lavorare. Che gioia!!
:::
`; // content.<lang>.md: this edition's lettering
const original = String.raw`---
title: "ねこ喫茶まどろみ"
author: "Postext Cookbook"
---

:::page{split="* [* / * / * / *] | * [* / * / * / *]"}
::panel{art=door}
caption{title}: 朝ごはん
mugi: おはよー、みんな！
kuro: にゃ
::panel{art=bowls}
mugi: ひとり一個ずつね
::panel{art=onebowl}
sfx: ガツガツ
mugi{tail=top}: ……なんで一個に集まるの
::panel{art=toast}
sfx: じーっ
mugi: さっき食べたでしょ！
::panel{art=guest}
caption{title}: いやし
kyaku: 猫ちゃんに癒されに来ました……
mugi: いらっしゃいませー
::panel{art=nap}
sfx: すやぁ
kyaku{tail=top}: ……全員寝てる
::panel{art=laptop}
kyaku: しかたない、仕事するか……
::panel{art=keyboard}
sfx{at="86% 84%" rotate=-10}: ずしっ
kyaku{shout break}: 仕事できないけど幸せーっ！！
:::
`; // content.ja.md, the original, in every edition
const english = String.raw`---
title: "Café Doze"
author: "Postext Cookbook"
---

:::page{split="* [* / * / * / *] | * [* / * / * / *]"}
::panel{art=door}
caption{title}: Breakfast
mugi: Morning, everyone!
kuro: Mrrp.
::panel{art=bowls}
mugi: One bowl each, okay?
::panel{art=onebowl}
sfx: NOM NOM
mugi{tail=top}: …Why all in the same one?
::panel{art=toast}
sfx: STARE
mugi: You just ate!
::panel{art=guest}
caption{title}: Therapy
kyaku: I'm here to be healed by cats…
mugi: Welcome!
::panel{art=nap}
sfx: zzz
kyaku{tail=top}: …They're all asleep.
::panel{art=laptop}
kyaku: Fine. I'll get some work done…
::panel{art=keyboard}
sfx{at="70% 80%" rotate=-10}: THUMP
kyaku{shout}: Can't work. So happy!!
:::
`; // the Japanese edition faces the original with it
// The same panels and speaker ids in every file; only the words change.

// ─── 3 · Fonts ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
const FONTS = {
  'Zen Antique': ['400'], 'Dela Gothic One': ['400'], 'Comic Neue': ['400', '700', '400i', '700i'],
  Bangers: ['400'], 'Noto Sans SC': ['400', '700'], 'ZCOOL KuaiLe': ['400'],
  'Playpen Sans Arabic': ['400', '700'], Lalezar: ['400'],
};

// #region art: eight chibi panels drawn for the recipe, speakers and faces marked once
const cat = (id, x, y, fx, fy, w = 0.12, h = 0.15) => ({ id, x, y,
  face: { x: fx, y: fy, width: w, height: h } });
const nose = (id, x, y) => ({ id, x, y, head: { x, y: y - 0.04 } }); // cats asleep or eating
const ART = { // fractions of the picture: the same in every language
  door: {
    alt: t({ en: "Mugi unlocks the café's glass door; the white, black and calico cats wait.",
      es: 'Mugi abre la puerta de cristal del café; dentro esperan los tres gatos.',
      ca: 'La Mugi obre la porta de vidre del cafè; a dins esperen els tres gats.',
      zh: '麦打开猫咖的玻璃门，三只猫在里面等着。',
      ar: 'موغي تفتح باب المقهى الزجاجي، والقطط الثلاث تنتظر في الداخل.',
      ja: '猫カフェのガラス戸を開けるむぎ。中で3匹の猫が待っている。',
      fr: 'Mugi ouvre la porte vitrée du café ; à l’intérieur, les trois chats attendent.',
      de: 'Mugi schließt die Glastür des Cafés auf; drinnen warten die drei Katzen.',
      it: 'Mugi apre la porta a vetri del caffè; dentro aspettano i tre gatti.',
      pt: 'Mugi abre a porta de vidro do café; lá dentro, os três gatos esperam.' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.09, y: 0.19, width: 0.81, height: 0.52 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'mugi', x: 0.205, y: 0.385, head: { x: 0.17, y: 0.25 },
    face: { x: 0.1, y: 0.2, width: 0.2, height: 0.23 } },
  cat('shiro', 0.5, 0.66, 0.44, 0.55, 0.13), cat('kuro', 0.66, 0.62, 0.61, 0.52, 0.12, 0.14),
  cat('mike', 0.83, 0.645, 0.77, 0.53, 0.12, 0.16)] },
  bowls: {
    alt: t({ en: 'Mugi sets out full food bowls in front of the three cats.',
      es: 'Mugi pone cuencos llenos delante de los tres gatos.',
      ca: 'La Mugi posa bols plens de menjar davant dels tres gats.',
      zh: '麦把装满猫粮的碗摆在三只猫面前。',
      ar: 'موغي تضع صحون طعام ممتلئة أمام القطط الثلاث.',
      ja: '3匹の猫の前に、ご飯を盛った器を並べるむぎ。',
      fr: 'Mugi pose des bols pleins de nourriture devant les trois chats.',
      de: 'Mugi stellt den drei Katzen volle Futternäpfe hin.',
      it: 'Mugi mette le ciotole piene di cibo davanti ai tre gatti.',
      pt: 'Mugi põe tigelas cheias de comida na frente dos três gatos.' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.16, y: 0.26, width: 0.74, height: 0.65 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'mugi', x: 0.27, y: 0.465, head: { x: 0.25, y: 0.3 },
    face: { x: 0.17, y: 0.26, width: 0.16, height: 0.24 } },
  cat('shiro', 0.37, 0.63, 0.31, 0.52, 0.13, 0.16), cat('kuro', 0.6, 0.64, 0.55, 0.52, 0.11, 0.16),
  cat('mike', 0.82, 0.62, 0.76, 0.52, 0.12, 0.14)] },
  onebowl: {
    alt: t({ en: 'All three cats push their heads into the same bowl; the others stay full.',
      es: 'Los tres gatos meten la cabeza en el mismo cuenco; los otros siguen llenos.',
      ca: 'Els tres gats fiquen el cap al mateix bol; els altres continuen plens.',
      zh: '三只猫把头挤进同一个碗里，另外两个碗还满着。',
      ar: 'القطط الثلاث تدسّ رؤوسها في الصحن نفسه، والصحنان الآخران ممتلئان.',
      ja: '3匹そろって同じ器に頭を突っこみ、ほかの器は手つかず。',
      fr: 'Les trois chats plongent la tête dans le même bol ; les autres restent pleins.',
      de: 'Alle drei Katzen stecken den Kopf in denselben Napf; die anderen bleiben voll.',
      it: 'I tre gatti infilano la testa nella stessa ciotola; le altre restano piene.',
      pt: 'Os três gatos enfiam a cabeça na mesma tigela; as outras continuam cheias.' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.05, y: 0.27, width: 0.88, height: 0.66 },
  anchors: [nose('shiro', 0.33, 0.66), nose('kuro', 0.5, 0.6), nose('mike', 0.66, 0.68),
    { id: 'sfx', x: 0.5, y: 0.3 }] },
  toast: {
    alt: t({ en: 'Mugi bites her toast while the three cats stare at it with shining eyes.',
      es: 'Mugi muerde su tostada mientras los tres gatos la miran con ojos brillantes.',
      ca: 'La Mugi mossega la torrada mentre els tres gats la miren amb ulls brillants.',
      zh: '麦咬着吐司，三只猫眼睛发亮地盯着。',
      ar: 'موغي تقضم خبزها المحمّص والقطط الثلاث تحدّق فيه بعيون لامعة.',
      ja: 'トーストをかじるむぎを、3匹がきらきらした目で見つめる。',
      fr: 'Mugi croque sa tartine tandis que les trois chats la fixent, les yeux brillants.',
      de: 'Mugi beißt in ihren Toast, während die drei Katzen ihn mit leuchtenden Augen '
        + 'anstarren.',
      it: 'Mugi addenta il suo toast e i tre gatti lo fissano con gli occhi che brillano.',
      pt: 'Mugi morde a torrada enquanto os três gatos olham para ela com olhos brilhando.' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.09, y: 0.22, width: 0.85, height: 0.56 },
  avoid: [{ x: 0.6, y: 0.52, width: 0.15, height: 0.1 }],
  anchors: [{ id: 'mugi', x: 0.8, y: 0.5, head: { x: 0.85, y: 0.32 },
    face: { x: 0.75, y: 0.25, width: 0.2, height: 0.33 } },
  cat('shiro', 0.17, 0.71, 0.1, 0.6, 0.14, 0.16), cat('kuro', 0.32, 0.73, 0.26, 0.62, 0.12, 0.14),
  cat('mike', 0.46, 0.66, 0.4, 0.56, 0.12, 0.14)] },
  guest: {
    alt: t({ en: 'A tired office worker walks in, arms out; Mugi greets him from the counter.',
      es: 'Un oficinista cansado entra con los brazos abiertos; Mugi lo saluda desde la barra.',
      ca: 'Un oficinista cansat entra amb els braços oberts; la Mugi el saluda des de la barra.',
      zh: '一个疲惫的上班族张着双臂走进来，麦在柜台后招呼他。',
      ar: 'موظف متعب يدخل فاتحًا ذراعيه، وموغي ترحّب به من خلف المنضدة.',
      ja: '両手を広げて入ってくる疲れた会社員と、カウンターから迎えるむぎ。',
      fr: 'Un employé de bureau fatigué entre les bras ouverts ; Mugi l’accueille depuis le '
        + 'comptoir.',
      de: 'Ein müder Büroangestellter kommt mit offenen Armen herein; Mugi begrüßt ihn '
        + 'von der Theke aus.',
      it: 'Un impiegato stanco entra a braccia aperte; Mugi lo accoglie dal bancone.',
      pt: 'Um funcionário de escritório cansado entra de braços abertos; Mugi o recebe do '
        + 'balcão.' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.13, y: 0.14, width: 0.74, height: 0.51 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'kyaku', x: 0.31, y: 0.42, head: { x: 0.28, y: 0.3 },
    face: { x: 0.19, y: 0.22, width: 0.21, height: 0.26 } },
  { id: 'mugi', x: 0.76, y: 0.39, head: { x: 0.76, y: 0.28 },
    face: { x: 0.68, y: 0.2, width: 0.18, height: 0.25 } }] },
  nap: {
    alt: t({ en: 'The three cats asleep in one pile on a round cushion.',
      es: 'Los tres gatos dormidos en un montón sobre un cojín redondo.',
      ca: 'Els tres gats adormits en un munt sobre un coixí rodó.',
      zh: '三只猫挤成一团睡在圆垫子上。',
      ar: 'القطط الثلاث نائمة كومةً واحدة على وسادة مستديرة.',
      ja: '丸いクッションの上で、ひとかたまりになって眠る3匹。',
      fr: 'Les trois chats dorment en tas sur un coussin rond.',
      de: 'Die drei Katzen schlafen auf einem Haufen auf einem runden Kissen.',
      it: 'I tre gatti dormono ammucchiati su un cuscino rotondo.',
      pt: 'Os três gatos dormem amontoados numa almofada redonda.' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.27, y: 0.21, width: 0.52, height: 0.55 },
  anchors: [nose('shiro', 0.4, 0.42), nose('kuro', 0.41, 0.7), nose('mike', 0.72, 0.58),
    { id: 'sfx', x: 0.3, y: 0.25 }] },
  laptop: {
    alt: t({ en: 'The office worker sighs at a café table and opens his laptop.',
      es: 'El oficinista suspira en una mesa del café y abre el portátil.',
      ca: 'L’oficinista sospira en una taula del cafè i obre el portàtil.',
      zh: '上班族在咖啡桌前叹了口气，打开笔记本电脑。',
      ar: 'الموظف يتنهّد إلى طاولة في المقهى ويفتح حاسوبه.',
      ja: 'カフェのテーブルでため息をつき、ノートパソコンを開く会社員。',
      fr: 'L’employé soupire à une table du café et ouvre son ordinateur portable.',
      de: 'Der Büroangestellte seufzt an einem Cafétisch und klappt seinen Laptop auf.',
      it: 'L’impiegato sospira a un tavolino del caffè e apre il portatile.',
      pt: 'O funcionário suspira numa mesa do café e abre o notebook.' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.22, y: 0.25, width: 0.56, height: 0.55 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'kyaku', x: 0.45, y: 0.62, head: { x: 0.39, y: 0.4 },
    face: { x: 0.3, y: 0.3, width: 0.22, height: 0.38 } }] },
  keyboard: {
    alt: t({ en: 'The three cats sit on the keyboard; the worker cries tears of joy.',
      es: 'Los tres gatos se sientan en el teclado; el oficinista llora de alegría.',
      ca: 'Els tres gats seuen damunt del teclat; l’oficinista plora d’alegria.',
      zh: '三只猫坐在键盘上，上班族喜极而泣。',
      ar: 'القطط الثلاث تجلس على لوحة المفاتيح، والموظف يبكي من الفرح.',
      ja: 'キーボードの上に座る3匹と、うれし泣きする会社員。',
      fr: 'Les trois chats s’assoient sur le clavier ; l’employé pleure de joie.',
      de: 'Die drei Katzen setzen sich auf die Tastatur; der Angestellte weint vor Freude.',
      it: 'I tre gatti si siedono sulla tastiera; l’impiegato piange di gioia.',
      pt: 'Os três gatos sentam no teclado; o funcionário chora de alegria.' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.07, y: 0.1, width: 0.81, height: 0.78 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'kyaku', x: 0.29, y: 0.42, head: { x: 0.25, y: 0.2 },
    face: { x: 0.15, y: 0.1, width: 0.27, height: 0.4 } },
  cat('shiro', 0.42, 0.57, 0.36, 0.48, 0.13, 0.14), cat('kuro', 0.59, 0.6, 0.53, 0.5, 0.12, 0.14),
  cat('mike', 0.74, 0.62, 0.68, 0.52, 0.12, 0.14)] },
};
const panels = () => Promise.all([
  comicPanel('door', asset('neko-door.jpg'), ART.door),
  comicPanel('bowls', asset('neko-bowls.jpg'), ART.bowls),
  comicPanel('onebowl', asset('neko-onebowl.jpg'), ART.onebowl),
  comicPanel('toast', asset('neko-toast.jpg'), ART.toast),
  comicPanel('guest', asset('neko-guest.jpg'), ART.guest),
  comicPanel('nap', asset('neko-nap.jpg'), ART.nap),
  comicPanel('laptop', asset('neko-laptop.jpg'), ART.laptop),
  comicPanel('keyboard', asset('neko-keyboard.jpg'), ART.keyboard),
]);
// #endregion

// #region fonts: each edition loads its two faces with the words they set
const SFX = /^sfx[^:：\n]*[:：](.*)$/gm; // sound-effect lines: the second face sets them
async function loadEdition(lang) {
  const text = TEXT[lang];
  const [face, sfx] = EDITIONS[lang].faces;
  const faces = { [face]: FONTS[face], [sfx]: FONTS[sfx] };
  if (['ja', 'zh'].includes(lang)) { // CJK: only the files that hold these characters
    const effects = [...text.matchAll(SFX)].map((m) => m[1]).join('');
    await loadCjkFonts({ [face]: FONTS[face] }, text.replace(SFX, ''), { vertical: true });
    await loadCjkFonts({ [sfx]: FONTS[sfx] }, effects, { vertical: true });
  }
  if (lang === 'ar') await loadArabicFonts(faces, text);
  await loadComicFonts(faces, text); // the bold and italic the faces do not ship
}
// #endregion

// ─── 4 · Build & show ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
// #region editions: the original on the right-hand page, this edition's lettering facing it
const FACING = LANG === 'ja' ? 'en' : LANG; // Japanese readers see the English edition
const TEXT = { ja: original, [FACING]: LANG === 'ja' ? english : markdown };
await loadFonts(FONTS, Object.values(TEXT).join('\n'));
const resources = await panels();
const build = async (lang) => { // the same pictures and page; this language's lettering
  await loadEdition(lang);
  return withLoadedFonts(() => buildDocument({ markdown: TEXT[lang], resources,
    continuation: { pageIndexOffset: lang === 'ja' ? 1 : 2 } }, edition(lang)),
    { ...kitFonts(FONTS), text: TEXT[lang] });
};
const docs = [await build('ja'), await build(FACING)];
// #endregion
const TITLE = t({
  en: 'Two yonkoma strips on a page', es: 'Dos tiras yonkoma en una página',
  ca: 'Dues tires yonkoma en una pàgina', zh: '一页并排两篇四格漫画', ar: 'شريطا يونكوما في صفحة واحدة',
  ja: '1ページに四コマを2本並べる', pt: 'Duas tiras yonkoma numa página',
  fr: 'Deux strips yonkoma sur une page',
  de: 'Zwei Yonkoma-Strips auf einer Seite', it: 'Due strisce yonkoma su una pagina' });
showBook(docs, { title: TITLE });
offerPdf(() => renderToPdf(docs, { fontProvider: comicPdfProvider, resourceBytes: imageBytes }),
  `${RECIPE}.pdf`);

// ─── Kit ── helpers shared by every Cookbook recipe · postext.dev/cookbook ─────

// ─── Kit · core v1 ── the same in every recipe · postext.dev/cookbook
function mm(value) { return { value, unit: 'mm' }; }
function pt(value) { return { value, unit: 'pt' }; }
function em(value) { return { value, unit: 'em' }; }
/** The sample language's string: t({ en: 'Figure', es: 'Figura' }). */
function t(strings) { return strings[LANG] ?? Object.values(strings)[0]; }
/** A file in this recipe's assets folder, served from the Postext repo by jsDelivr. */
function asset(file) { return `https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/drnachio/postext@main/cookbook/${RECIPE}/assets/${file}`; }

// ─── Kit · fonts v3 ── the same in every recipe · postext.dev/cookbook
// Postext loads the faces a config asks for before layout (prepareFonts,
// buildDocumentWithFonts) and asks the kit for the files: Fontsource's, the
// files the PDF embeds too.

/** The options of buildDocumentWithFonts / prepareFonts / withLoadedFonts:
 *  the Fontsource resolver, and the faces of FONTS loaded with the ones the
 *  config names. FONTS = { 'Family Name': ['400', '400i', '700'] }. */
function kitFonts(FONTS = {}) {
  const faces = Object.entries(FONTS).flatMap(([family, specs]) => specs.map((spec) =>
    ({ family, weight: parseInt(spec, 10), style: spec.endsWith('i') ? 'italic' : 'normal' })));
  return { resolve: fontsourceResolver, faces };
}

/** A face's Fontsource files, in a fixed order: latin, then latin-ext and greek
 *  when `text` needs them and the family ships them (kitSubsetsFor), each with
 *  its unicode-range. Null for a weight or slant Fontsource does not ship. */
async function fontsourceResolver(family, weight, style, { text = '' } = {}) {
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
  if (meta && !(meta.weights.includes(weight) && meta.styles.includes(style))) return null;
  kitStatus('Loading fonts…');
  const at = await fontsourceAt(id);
  return ['latin', ...kitSubsetsFor(text, meta)].map((subset) => ({
    source: `${at}files/${id}-${subset}-${weight}-${style}.woff2`,
    unicodeRange: kitRanges()[subset],
  }));
}

/** The unicode-range of each Fontsource file the kit loads (a function: the
 *  kit is inlined after the pen's code, which runs before a const would be set). */
function kitRanges() {
  return {
    latin: 'U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,'
      + 'U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD',
    'latin-ext': 'U+0100-02BA,U+02BD-02C5,U+02C7-02CC,U+02CE-02D7,U+02DD-02FF,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,'
      + 'U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF',
    greek: 'U+0370-03FF',
  };
}

/** For the cjk, arabic and comics blocks, which add their own files: the
 *  faces of `faces` = { 'Family Name': ['400', '400i', '700'] }. `text` is the sample:
 *  č ł † α χ also load latin-ext and greek files (kitSubsetsFor). With
 *  `optional`, a face Fontsource does not ship is skipped instead of failing.
 *  The files are added once all have loaded, in the order asked (latin, then
 *  latin-ext, then greek), whatever order they arrive in: the last one added
 *  wins a character two files hold. Resolves to the number of faces added. */
async function loadFonts(faces, text = '', { optional = false } = {}) {
  kitStatus('Loading fonts…');
  const ranges = kitRanges();
  const jobs = [];
  for (const [family, specs] of Object.entries(faces)) {
    const id = fontsourceId(family);
    const todo = [...new Set(specs)].map((spec) => [parseInt(spec, 10), spec.endsWith('i') ? 'italic' : 'normal'])
      .filter(([weight, style]) => !hasFace(family, weight, style)); // before any await
    const at = fontsourceAt(id);
    const meta = optional || /[^\0-ÿ]/u.test(text) ? await fontsourceMeta(family) : null;
    const subsets = ['latin', ...kitSubsetsFor(text, meta)];
    for (const [weight, style] of todo) {
      if (optional && !(meta?.weights.includes(weight) && meta.styles.includes(style))) continue;
      for (const subset of subsets) {
        const url = `${await at}files/${id}-${subset}-${weight}-${style}.woff2`;
        const face = new FontFace(family, `url(${url}) format('woff2')`,
          { weight: String(weight), style, unicodeRange: ranges[subset] });
        jobs.push(face.load().catch(() => {
          if (subset === 'latin' && !optional) throw new Error(`Fontsource has no ${family} ${weight} ${style}`);
        }));
      }
    }
  }
  const ready = await Promise.all(jobs).catch((error) => { kitFail(error); throw error; });
  return ready.filter((face) => face && document.fonts.add(face)).length;
}

/** A loaded FontFace covers this family, weight and style (fonts.check() would
 *  also say yes for families nobody declared). */
function hasFace(family, weight, style) {
  for (const face of document.fonts) {
    if (face.status !== 'loaded' || face.style !== style) continue;
    if (face.family.replace(/^["']|["']$/g, '') !== family) continue;
    const [low, high = low] = face.weight.split(' ').map(Number);
    if (weight >= low && weight <= high) return true;
  }
  return false;
}

/** The files beyond latin `text` needs that `meta`'s family ships. */
function kitSubsetsFor(text, meta) {
  return [[/[Ā-˿ᴀ-ᶿḀ-ỿ†ℓⱠ-Ɀ꜠-ꟿ]/u, 'latin-ext'], [/[Ͱ-Ͽ]/u, 'greek']]
    .filter(([re, x]) => re.test(text) && meta?.subsets?.includes(x)).map(([, x]) => x);
}

/** Fontsource's id for a family: 'Source Serif 4' → 'source-serif-4'. */
function fontsourceId(family) { return family.toLowerCase().replace(/\s+/g, '-'); }

/** A package's folder at the one version @5 names now (#766). */
function fontsourceAt(id, u = `https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fontsource/${id}@`) {
  return (fontsourceAt.c ??= {})[id] ??= fetch(u + '5/package.json').then((r) => r.json())
    .then((p) => p.version || 5, () => 5).then((v) => `${u}${v}/`);
}

/** The family's Fontsource metadata (weights, styles, subsets), or null. */
function fontsourceMeta(family) {
  fontsourceMeta.cache ??= new Map();
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  if (!fontsourceMeta.cache.has(id)) {
    fontsourceMeta.cache.set(id, fetch(`https://api.fontsource.org/v1/fonts/${id}`)
      .then((res) => (res.ok ? res.json() : null), () => null));
  }
  return fontsourceMeta.cache.get(id);
}

// ─── Kit · viewer v2 ── the same in every recipe · postext.dev/cookbook
/** The pages as spreads on a dark desk, page 1 alone, then verso | recto,
 *  each painted when it scrolls near. Other options go to renderPageToCanvas. */
function showPages(docs, { title, width = 460, ...render } = {}) {
  const root = viewer(title);
  const pages = [docs].flat().flatMap((doc) =>
    doc.pages.map((page) => ({ doc, page, n: (doc.pageIndexOffset ?? 0) + page.index })));
  const spreads = [];
  let verso = null;
  for (const p of pages) {
    if (p.n % 2 === 1) { if (verso) spreads.push([verso, null]); verso = p; }
    else { spreads.push([verso, p]); verso = null; }
  }
  if (verso) spreads.push([verso, null]);
  const density = Math.min(window.devicePixelRatio || 1, 2);
  showPages.painter?.disconnect();
  const painter = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => {
    for (const { isIntersecting, target } of entries) {
      if (!isIntersecting) continue;
      painter.unobserve(target);
      const { doc, page } = target.postext;
      renderPageToCanvas(page, doc, target, { ...render, scale: (width * density) / page.width });
    }
  }, { rootMargin: '800px' });
  showPages.painter = painter;
  root.replaceChildren(...spreads.map((pair) => {
    const spread = document.createElement('div');
    spread.className = 'pt-spread';
    for (const p of pair) {
      const figure = document.createElement('figure');
      if (p) {
        const label = p.page.pageLabel || String(p.n + 1);
        const canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
        canvas.postext = p;
        canvas.style.aspectRatio = `${p.page.width} / ${p.page.height}`;
        canvas.setAttribute('role', 'img');
        canvas.setAttribute('aria-label', `Page ${label}`);
        const folio = document.createElement('figcaption');
        folio.textContent = label;
        figure.append(canvas, folio);
        painter.observe(canvas);
      } else figure.className = 'pt-blank';
      spread.append(figure);
    }
    return spread;
  }));
  kitStatus(`${pages.length} ${pages.length === 1 ? 'page' : 'pages'}`);
  document.documentElement.dataset.postext = 'ready';
  return pages.length;
}

/** The desk, the bar and the error reporting, created once. */
function viewer(title) {
  if (!document.getElementById('pt-kit')) {
    document.head.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', `<style id="pt-kit">
      :root { color-scheme: dark; }
      body { margin: 0; background: #0e1014; color: #b9bcc4; font: 13px/1.45 system-ui, sans-serif; }
      #pt-bar { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 1; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center;
        gap: 6px 16px; padding: 10px 16px; background: rgb(14 16 20 / .92); backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
        border-bottom: 1px solid #23262d; }
      #pt-bar strong { color: #f4f1ea; font-weight: 600; }
      #pt-actions { display: flex; gap: 12px; margin-left: auto; }
      #pt-actions a, #pt-actions button { color: #d8a21a; font: inherit; background: none; border: 0; padding: 0; cursor: pointer; }
      #pages { display: grid; justify-items: center; gap: 48px; padding: 32px 16px 72px; }
      .pt-spread { display: flex; }
      .pt-spread figure { margin: 0; width: min(460px, 44vw); }
      .pt-spread canvas { display: block; width: 100%; background: #fff;
        box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / .5), 0 22px 44px -16px rgb(0 0 0 / .8); }
      .pt-spread figure:first-child canvas { box-shadow: inset -14px 0 14px -14px rgb(0 0 0 / .18), 0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / .5), 0 22px 44px -16px rgb(0 0 0 / .8); }
      .pt-spread figcaption { margin-top: 10px; text-align: center; font: 600 10px/1 system-ui, sans-serif;
        letter-spacing: .18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #6c7079; }
      .pt-blank { visibility: hidden; }
      @media (max-width: 760px) {
        .pt-spread { flex-direction: column; gap: 32px; }
        .pt-spread figure { width: min(460px, 92vw); }
        .pt-blank { display: none; }
      }
    </style>`);
    document.body.insertAdjacentHTML('afterbegin',
      '<header id="pt-bar"><strong id="pt-title"></strong><span id="pt-status" role="status"></span><span id="pt-actions"></span></header>');
    document.getElementById('pt-title').textContent = document.title || 'Postext';
    addEventListener('error', (event) => kitFail(event.error ?? event.message));
    addEventListener('unhandledrejection', (event) => kitFail(event.reason));
  }
  if (title) document.getElementById('pt-title').textContent = title;
  return document.getElementById('pages')
    ?? document.body.appendChild(Object.assign(document.createElement('main'), { id: 'pages' }));
}

function kitStatus(text) {
  viewer();
  document.getElementById('pt-status').textContent = text;
}

function kitFail(error) {
  document.documentElement.dataset.postext = 'error';
  kitStatus(`Error: ${error?.message ?? error}`);
}

// ─── Kit · pdf v3 ── the same in every recipe that exports a PDF
/** The Fontsource files the screen used, as TrueType, with their range and
 *  place: the nearest weight the family ships, upright with no italic;
 *  latin, then what its letters need (kitSubsetsFor). */
async function fontsourceProvider(family, weight, style, request) {
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
  const weights = meta?.weights?.length ? meta.weights : [400, 700];
  const w = weights.reduce((a, b) => (Math.abs(b - weight) < Math.abs(a - weight) ? b : a));
  const s = style === 'italic' && meta && !meta.styles.includes('italic') ? 'normal' : style;
  const text = String.fromCodePoint(...(request?.codePoints ?? []));
  const files = await Promise.all(['latin', ...kitSubsetsFor(text, meta)].map(async (subset, order) => {
    const res = await fetch(`${await fontsourceAt(id)}files/${id}-${subset}-${w}-${s}.woff2`);
    if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Fontsource has no ${family} ${w} ${s} ${subset}`);
    return Object.assign(await decompressWoff2(new Uint8Array(await res.arrayBuffer())),
      { unicodeRange: kitRanges()[subset], order });
  }));
  return files.length === 1 ? files[0] : files;
}

/** A "Build the PDF" button; then "Open the PDF" (a new tab: CodePen's frame
 *  shows no PDFs) and a download link. */
function offerPdf(makePdf, filename) {
  viewer();
  const button = Object.assign(document.createElement('button'), { type: 'button', textContent: 'Build the PDF' });
  button.dataset.postextPdf = filename;
  button.addEventListener('click', async () => {
    button.disabled = true;
    button.textContent = 'Building the PDF…';
    try {
      const bytes = await makePdf();
      const url = URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([bytes], { type: 'application/pdf' }));
      const size = `${Math.max(1, Math.round(bytes.length / 1024))} KB`;
      button.replaceWith(
        Object.assign(document.createElement('a'), { href: url, target: '_blank', rel: 'noopener', textContent: 'Open the PDF ↗' }),
        Object.assign(document.createElement('a'), { href: url, download: filename, textContent: `Download ${filename} · ${size}` }));
    } catch (error) {
      button.disabled = false;
      button.textContent = 'Build the PDF';
      kitFail(error);
    }
  });
  document.getElementById('pt-actions').append(button);
}

// ─── Kit · images v3 ── recipes with pictures · postext.dev/cookbook
/** Registers a photo or PNG for the canvas and keeps its bytes for the PDF.
 *  fetch → ImageBitmap never taints the canvas (a plain cross-origin <img> would). */
async function loadImage(fileId, url) {
  const res = await fetch(url);
  if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Image not found (${res.status}): ${url}`);
  const bytes = new Uint8Array(await res.arrayBuffer());
  registerResourceImage(fileId, await createImageBitmap(new Blob([bytes])));
  (loadImage.bytes ??= new Map()).set(fileId, bytes);
}

/** Registers SVG markup as a vector image, its fonts inside (inlineSvgFonts, ≥ 1.25).
 *  `options` go to registerResourceImage: { singleInk: true } tints it on the canvas. */
async function loadSvg(fileId, svg, options) {
  if (typeof inlineSvgFonts === 'function') svg = await inlineSvgFonts(svg, svgFaces);
  const img = new Image();
  img.src = `data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,${encodeURIComponent(svg)}`;
  await img.decode();
  registerResourceImage(fileId, img, options);
  (loadImage.bytes ??= new Map()).set(fileId, new TextEncoder().encode(svg));
}

/** A face's Fontsource files: nearest weight; latin + what the SVG sets. */
async function svgFaces(family, weight, style, { codePoints = [] } = {}) {
  const [id, m] = [fontsourceId(family), await fontsourceMeta(family)];
  const w = m?.weights.reduce((a, b) => (Math.abs(b - weight) < Math.abs(a - weight) ? b : a)) ?? weight;
  const s = m?.styles.includes(style) === false ? 'normal' : style;
  return Promise.all(['latin', ...kitSubsetsFor(String.fromCodePoint(...codePoints), m)].map(async (x) => new Uint8Array(
    await (await fetch(`${await fontsourceAt(id)}files/${id}-${x}-${w}-${s}.woff2`)).arrayBuffer())));
}

/** renderToPdf({ resourceBytes: imageBytes }) */
function imageBytes(fileId) { return loadImage.bytes?.get(fileId); }

/** renderToHtml({ resourceImageUrl: imageUrl }) */
function imageUrl(fileId) {
  const bytes = imageBytes(fileId);
  if (!bytes) return undefined;
  imageUrl.urls ??= new Map();
  if (!imageUrl.urls.has(fileId)) {
    const type = /\.svg$/i.test(fileId) ? 'image/svg+xml' : /\.png$/i.test(fileId) ? 'image/png' : 'image/jpeg';
    imageUrl.urls.set(fileId, URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([bytes], { type })));
  }
  return imageUrl.urls.get(fileId);
}

// ─── Kit · cjk v2 ── Chinese, Japanese and Korean books · postext.dev/cookbook
// Fontsource ships a CJK family as about a hundred files per weight, each
// declared in its stylesheet with the unicode-range it covers. The screen
// loads the files the sample touches; the PDF gets the same files for the
// characters its pages set in each face, and embeds each as a subset.
// A book bound on the right (vertical text) is shown with its spreads
// mirrored: page 1 alone on the left of the spine, then [3 | 2].

/** The files of a Fontsource face, read from its stylesheet: { url, range,
 *  ranges }, the last declared first (the order the browser tries them in). */
function cjkSlices(family, weight, style) {
  cjkSlices.cache ??= new Map();
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  const css = `${id}/${weight}${style === 'italic' ? '-italic' : ''}.css`;
  if (!cjkSlices.cache.has(css)) {
    let at;
    cjkSlices.cache.set(css, fontsourceAt(id).then((a) => fetch(at = a + css.slice(id.length + 1)))
      .then((res) => {
        if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Fontsource has no ${family} ${weight} ${style} (${res.status})`);
        return res.text();
      })
      .then((text) => [...text.matchAll(/@font-face\s*{([^}]*)}/g)].map(([, rule]) => {
        const range = /unicode-range:\s*([^;]+);/.exec(rule)?.[1].trim() ?? 'U+0-10FFFF';
        const ranges = range.split(',').map((part) => {
          const [lo, hi = lo] = part.trim().slice(2).split('-');
          return [parseInt(lo, 16), parseInt(hi, 16)];
        });
        return { url: new URL(/url\(([^)]+?\.woff2)\)/.exec(rule)[1], at).href, range, ranges };
      }).reverse()));
  }
  return cjkSlices.cache.get(css);
}

/** The file of `slices` the screen sets code point `cp` in, if any: the
 *  last one loadCjkFonts adds whose range holds it. A numbered file that
 *  repeats a letter of latin is added after latin, and wins it. */
function cjkSliceFor(slices, cp) {
  const holds = (slice) => slice.ranges.some(([lo, hi]) => cp >= lo && cp <= hi);
  return slices.reduce((last, slice) => (holds(slice) ? slice : last), undefined);
}

/** Whether Fontsource serves `family` as a Chinese, Japanese or Korean
 *  family (its subsets name the script). Fails when the API does not
 *  answer: a CJK face taken for a Latin one would paint in a system face. */
async function isCjkFamily(family) {
  const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
  if (!meta) throw new Error(`api.fontsource.org did not describe ${family}: reload to try again`);
  return !!meta.subsets?.some((subset) => /^(chinese|japanese|korean)/.test(subset));
}

/** faces = { 'Noto Serif TC': ['400', '700'] }, as for loadFonts: the
 *  whole FONTS object may be passed, its other families are left to
 *  loadFonts. Adds one FontFace per file of each CJK face with its
 *  unicodeRange, then loads the files `text` touches. `text` is what the
 *  faces set: the sample for the text face; a book in several voices calls
 *  it once per voice (loadCjkFonts({ 'LXGW WenKai TC': ['400'] }, quotes)),
 *  so the heading and quotation faces fetch and check only their own
 *  characters. Fails when a character of `text` is in no file of a face.
 *  List every weight the pages use: a weight left to the engine's later round
 *  gets the latin file only. With { vertical: true } it also loads each
 *  family's vertical forms (brackets, quotes, pause marks) for the canvas,
 *  which needs loadVerticalAlternates imported from postext. Resolves to
 *  the number of files loaded. */
async function loadCjkFonts(faces, text, { vertical = false } = {}) {
  kitStatus('Loading fonts…');
  let loaded = 0;
  try {
    if (vertical && typeof loadVerticalAlternates !== 'function') {
      throw new Error('loadCjkFonts(…, { vertical: true }) needs loadVerticalAlternates imported from postext');
    }
    for (const [family, specs] of Object.entries(faces)) {
      if (!(await isCjkFamily(family))) continue;
      const twin = [];
      for (const spec of new Set(specs)) {
        const weight = parseInt(spec, 10);
        const style = spec.endsWith('i') ? 'italic' : 'normal';
        const slices = await cjkSlices(family, weight, style);
        const missing = [...new Set(text)].filter((ch) => /\S/.test(ch) && !cjkSliceFor(slices, ch.codePointAt(0)));
        if (missing.length) {
          throw new Error(`${family} ${spec} has no file for ${missing.slice(0, 12).join(' ')}: `
            + `give each face the text it sets (loadCjkFonts({ '${family}': ['${spec}'] }, text))`);
        }
        for (const slice of slices) {
          document.fonts.add(new FontFace(family, `url(${slice.url}) format('woff2')`,
            { weight: String(weight), style, unicodeRange: slice.range }));
          twin.push({ source: slice.url, weight: String(weight), style, unicodeRange: slice.range });
        }
        const font = `${style === 'italic' ? 'italic ' : ''}${weight} 16px "${family}"`;
        loaded += (await document.fonts.load(font, text)).length;
        if (!document.fonts.check(font, text)) throw new Error(`${family} ${spec} did not load for the sample`);
      }
      // The same files under a twin name with the `vert` feature on: the
      // canvas paints the punctuation of vertical lines with it.
      if (vertical && twin.length) await loadVerticalAlternates(family, twin);
    }
  } catch (error) {
    kitFail(error);
    throw error;
  }
  return loaded;
}

/** The PDF font provider for recipes with CJK faces: a family whose
 *  Fontsource subsets are Chinese, Japanese or Korean gets the files the
 *  screen set its pages' characters in (`request.codePoints`), each marked
 *  with its unicode-range and its place in the order loadCjkFonts added
 *  them: postext-pdf sets a character two files hold in the one added
 *  last, as the browser does. Any other family gets the latin file
 *  fontsourceProvider fetches (the "pdf" block) and, when the face sets
 *  letters only latin-ext has, that file too. */
async function cjkPdfProvider(family, weight, style, request) {
  if (!(await isCjkFamily(family))) return cjkLatinPdfFiles(family, weight, style, request);
  const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
  const weights = meta.weights?.length ? meta.weights : [400, 700];
  const w = weights.reduce((a, b) => (Math.abs(b - weight) < Math.abs(a - weight) ? b : a));
  const s = style === 'italic' && !meta.styles.includes('italic') ? 'normal' : style;
  const slices = await cjkSlices(family, w, s);
  const picked = new Set();
  for (const cp of request?.codePoints ?? []) {
    const slice = cjkSliceFor(slices, cp);
    if (slice) picked.add(slice);
  }
  if (!picked.size) picked.add(slices[0]);
  return Promise.all(slices.map(async (slice, order) => {
    if (!picked.has(slice)) return null;
    const res = await fetch(slice.url);
    if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Fontsource file ${slice.url} (${res.status})`);
    const bytes = await decompressWoff2(new Uint8Array(await res.arrayBuffer()));
    return Object.assign(bytes, { unicodeRange: slice.range, order });
  })).then((files) => files.filter(Boolean));
}

/** A Latin family set next to the CJK faces: its latin file, then its
 *  latin-ext file when the face sets letters only latin-ext has (ō ū in
 *  Hepburn rōmaji, ǎ in pinyin), the file loadFonts adds on screen for
 *  them, each marked with its unicode-range and its place in that order:
 *  the PDF sets a character in the file the browser took it from. A face
 *  Fontsource ships without latin-ext, or whose file does not come, gets
 *  latin alone, and the PDF names the letters it lacks. */
async function cjkLatinPdfFiles(family, weight, style, request) {
  const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
  const beyond = [...(request?.codePoints ?? [])].some(cjkLatinExtOnly);
  if (!beyond || !meta?.subsets?.includes('latin-ext')) return fontsourceProvider(family, weight, style);
  const weights = meta.weights?.length ? meta.weights : [400, 700];
  const w = weights.reduce((a, b) => (Math.abs(b - weight) < Math.abs(a - weight) ? b : a));
  const s = style === 'italic' && !meta.styles.includes('italic') ? 'normal' : style;
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  const url = `${await fontsourceAt(id)}files/${id}-latin-ext-${w}-${s}.woff2`;
  const [latin, ext] = await Promise.all([fontsourceProvider(family, weight, style), fetch(url)
    .then(async (res) => (res.ok ? decompressWoff2(new Uint8Array(await res.arrayBuffer())) : null), () => null)]);
  const ranges = kitRanges();
  return ext ? [Object.assign(latin, { unicodeRange: ranges.latin, order: 0 }),
    Object.assign(ext, { unicodeRange: ranges['latin-ext'], order: 1 })] : latin;
}

/** Whether code point `cp` is in Fontsource's latin-ext file and not in
 *  its latin file: Latin Extended-A and -B, IPA, the spacing modifiers and
 *  Latin Extended Additional (loadFonts's test for latin-ext), less the
 *  few latin holds too (ı Œ œ ʻ ʼ ˆ ˚ ˜). */
function cjkLatinExtOnly(cp) {
  if (!((cp >= 0x100 && cp <= 0x2ff) || (cp >= 0x1e00 && cp <= 0x1eff))) return false;
  return ![0x131, 0x152, 0x153, 0x2bb, 0x2bc, 0x2c6, 0x2da, 0x2dc].includes(cp);
}

/** showPages for a book bound on either edge. A right-bound book (the
 *  document says so: doc.binding is 'right' for page.binding 'right' and
 *  for vertical text) lies on the desk as it opens: page 1 alone on the
 *  left of the spine, then [3 | 2], the spine shade on each page's inner
 *  edge. `binding` ('left' | 'right') overrides the document's. */
function showBook(docs, { binding, ...options } = {}) {
  const count = showPages(docs, options);
  const right = (binding ?? [docs].flat()[0]?.binding) === 'right';
  if (!document.getElementById('pt-kit-cjk')) {
    // The pages keep direction ltr: a canvas draws text in the direction its
    // element inherits, and under rtl each run would end where the engine
    // starts it, its brackets mirrored.
    document.head.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', `<style id="pt-kit-cjk">
      .pt-spread[dir="rtl"] canvas { direction: ltr; }
      .pt-spread[dir="rtl"] figure:first-child canvas { box-shadow: inset 14px 0 14px -14px rgb(0 0 0 / .18),
        0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / .5), 0 22px 44px -16px rgb(0 0 0 / .8); }
    </style>`);
  }
  // Each pair stays [verso, recto] in the page; right to left, the verso
  // sits on the right. Phones stack the pages in reading order either way.
  for (const spread of document.querySelectorAll('#pages > .pt-spread')) spread.dir = right ? 'rtl' : 'ltr';
  document.getElementById('pages').dataset.binding = right ? 'right' : 'left';
  return count;
}

// ─── Kit · arabic v2 ── Arabic-script faces · postext.dev/cookbook
// Fontsource ships an Arabic family as one file per subset and weight: the
// `arabic` file holds the letters, the harakat, the Arabic-Indic digits, the
// Arabic punctuation and the presentation forms; `latin` and `latin-ext`
// hold the rest. loadFonts loads the latin files; this block adds the arabic
// file of every Arabic family, for the canvas and for the PDF, which shapes
// the letters with HarfBuzz from the same bytes.

/** The code points of Fontsource's `arabic` subset, as its stylesheets
 *  declare them (the same unicode-range the browser picks the file by). A
 *  function, not a const: the kit is inlined after the recipe's top-level
 *  awaits, and a const read before its line throws, where a function
 *  declaration is hoisted. */
function arabicRange() {
  return 'U+0600-06FF,U+0750-077F,U+0870-088E,U+0890-0891,U+0897-08E1,U+08E3-08FF,'
    + 'U+200C-200E,U+2010-2011,U+204F,U+2E41,U+FB50-FDFF,U+FE70-FE74,U+FE76-FEFC,U+102E0-102FB,'
    + 'U+10E60-10E7E,U+10EC2-10EC4,U+10EFC-10EFF,U+1EE00-1EEFF';
}

/** Whether code point `cp` is in the arabic file. */
function inArabicRange(cp) {
  inArabicRange.ranges ??= arabicRange().split(',').map((part) => {
    const [lo, hi = lo] = part.slice(2).split('-');
    return [parseInt(lo, 16), parseInt(hi, 16)];
  });
  return inArabicRange.ranges.some(([lo, hi]) => cp >= lo && cp <= hi);
}

/** Whether Fontsource serves `family` with an `arabic` subset. Fails when
 *  the API does not answer: an Arabic face taken for a Latin one would set
 *  its letters in a system face. */
async function isArabicFamily(family) {
  const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
  if (!meta) throw new Error(`api.fontsource.org did not describe ${family}: reload to try again`);
  return !!meta.subsets?.includes('arabic');
}

/** The arabic file of a face. */
async function arabicFileUrl(family, weight, style) {
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  return `${await fontsourceAt(id)}files/${id}-arabic-${weight}-${style}.woff2`;
}

/** faces = { Amiri: ['400', '700'] }, as for loadFonts, after it: the whole
 *  FONTS object may be passed, its families without an arabic subset are
 *  left alone. Adds the arabic file of every listed weight of each Arabic
 *  family (the latin files come from loadFonts) and loads it. `text` is
 *  the sample: fails when it holds an Arabic-script character the arabic
 *  file does not cover. List every weight the pages set in Arabic: a weight
 *  left to the engine's later round gets the latin file only, and its Arabic letters
 *  fall back to a system face. Resolves to the number of files loaded. */
async function loadArabicFonts(faces, text = '') {
  kitStatus('Loading fonts…');
  let loaded = 0;
  try {
    const outside = [...new Set(text)].filter((ch) => /\p{Script=Arabic}/u.test(ch) && !inArabicRange(ch.codePointAt(0)));
    if (outside.length) throw new Error(`Fontsource's arabic files have no ${outside.slice(0, 12).join(' ')}`);
    for (const [family, specs] of Object.entries(faces)) {
      if (!(await isArabicFamily(family))) continue;
      for (const spec of new Set(specs)) {
        const weight = parseInt(spec, 10);
        const style = spec.endsWith('i') ? 'italic' : 'normal';
        const face = new FontFace(family, `url(${await arabicFileUrl(family, weight, style)}) format('woff2')`,
          { weight: String(weight), style, unicodeRange: arabicRange() });
        document.fonts.add(await face.load().catch(() => {
          throw new Error(`Fontsource has no arabic file for ${family} ${weight} ${style}`);
        }));
        loaded++;
      }
    }
  } catch (error) {
    kitFail(error);
    throw error;
  }
  return loaded;
}

/** The PDF font provider for recipes with Arabic faces: a family with an
 *  arabic subset gets its arabic file when its pages set Arabic letters
 *  (`request.codePoints`), then its latin file, and its latin-ext file for
 *  the letters beyond latin (transliteration: ā ḥ ʿ), each marked with its
 *  unicode-range and its place in the order the screen added them (latin
 *  and latin-ext by loadFonts, then arabic): the arabic file also has a
 *  space and brackets, which the browser takes from latin, the file whose
 *  range holds them, and postext-pdf follows it. Any other family goes to
 *  fontsourceProvider (the "pdf" block). */
async function arabicPdfProvider(family, weight, style, request) {
  if (!(await isArabicFamily(family))) return fontsourceProvider(family, weight, style, request);
  const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
  const weights = meta.weights?.length ? meta.weights : [400, 700];
  const w = weights.reduce((a, b) => (Math.abs(b - weight) < Math.abs(a - weight) ? b : a));
  const s = style === 'italic' && !meta.styles.includes('italic') ? 'normal' : style;
  const wanted = [...(request?.codePoints ?? [])];
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  const subsets = !wanted.length || wanted.some(inArabicRange) ? ['arabic', 'latin'] : ['latin'];
  if (meta.subsets.includes('latin-ext') && wanted.some((cp) => /[Ā-˿Ḁ-ỿ]/u.test(String.fromCodePoint(cp)))) {
    subsets.push('latin-ext');
  }
  const at = await fontsourceAt(id);
  return Promise.all(subsets.map(async (subset) => {
    const url = `${at}files/${id}-${subset}-${w}-${s}.woff2`;
    const res = await fetch(url);
    if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Fontsource file ${url} (${res.status})`);
    const bytes = await decompressWoff2(new Uint8Array(await res.arrayBuffer()));
    return Object.assign(bytes, { unicodeRange: subset === 'arabic' ? arabicRange() : kitRanges()[subset],
      order: ['latin', 'latin-ext', 'greek', 'arabic'].indexOf(subset) });
  }));
}

// ─── Kit · comics v2 ── comic pages · postext.dev/cookbook
// The engine letters a comic in a face per language (defaultComicFont:
// Comic Neue, Zen Antique for Japanese, Noto Sans SC, LXGW WenKai TC,
// Playpen Sans Arabic; defaultComicSfxFont: Bangers, Dela Gothic One,
// ZCOOL KuaiLe, Lalezar) and asks for the bold of a shout or a sound effect
// and the italic of an inner voice. Most of these faces ship one weight and
// no italic: this block declares the file Fontsource does ship for those
// variants, so the canvas measures and paints the letters the PDF embeds
// (the providers snap to the shipped file) and not a bold or a slant the
// browser makes up. It also turns the art manifest into panel resources.

/** faces = { 'Comic Neue': ['400', '700'], Bangers: ['400'] }, as for
 *  loadFonts, after it (and after loadCjkFonts or loadArabicFonts for the
 *  faces of those scripts); the whole FONTS object may be passed. List in
 *  FONTS only what Fontsource ships (Bangers: ['400']): loadFonts fails on
 *  the rest. For each family, the regular, bold, italic and bold italic it
 *  lacks are declared with its nearest file (the regular for the bold, the
 *  upright for the italic) and loaded for `text`. A CJK face needs the cjk
 *  block; an Arabic face setting Arabic, the arabic block. Resolves to the
 *  number of variants added. */
async function loadComicFonts(faces, text = '') {
  kitStatus('Loading fonts…');
  let added = 0;
  try {
    for (const family of Object.keys(faces)) {
      const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
      if (!meta) throw new Error(`api.fontsource.org did not describe ${family}: reload to try again`);
      const weights = meta.weights?.length ? meta.weights : [400, 700];
      const styles = meta.styles?.length ? meta.styles : ['normal'];
      for (const [weight, style] of [[400, 'normal'], [700, 'normal'], [400, 'italic'], [700, 'italic']]) {
        if ((weights.includes(weight) && styles.includes(style)) || hasFace(family, weight, style)) continue;
        const w = weights.reduce((a, b) => (Math.abs(b - weight) < Math.abs(a - weight) ? b : a));
        const s = style === 'italic' && styles.includes('italic') ? 'italic' : 'normal';
        for (const { url, range } of await comicFaceFiles(family, w, s, meta, text)) {
          document.fonts.add(new FontFace(family, `url(${url}) format('woff2')`,
            { weight: String(weight), style, unicodeRange: range }));
        }
        await document.fonts.load(`${style === 'italic' ? 'italic ' : ''}${weight} 16px "${family}"`, text || 'A');
        added++;
      }
    }
  } catch (error) {
    kitFail(error);
    throw error;
  }
  return added;
}

/** The files of a shipped face ({ url, range }): a CJK face's slices (the
 *  cjk block reads them from its stylesheet), else latin, the latin-ext
 *  and greek files `text` needs, and the arabic file when `text` holds
 *  Arabic. */
async function comicFaceFiles(family, weight, style, meta, text) {
  if (meta.subsets?.some((subset) => /^(chinese|japanese|korean)/.test(subset))) {
    if (typeof cjkSlices !== 'function') throw new Error(`${family} is a CJK face: list the cjk kit block`);
    return (await cjkSlices(family, weight, style)).map(({ url, range }) => ({ url, range }));
  }
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  const at = await fontsourceAt(id);
  const file = (subset) => `${at}files/${id}-${subset}-${weight}-${style}.woff2`;
  const files = ['latin', ...kitSubsetsFor(text, meta)].map((subset) => ({ url: file(subset), range: comicRange(subset) }));
  if (meta.subsets?.includes('arabic') && /\p{Script=Arabic}/u.test(text)) {
    if (typeof arabicRange !== 'function') throw new Error(`${family} sets Arabic: list the arabic kit block`);
    files.unshift({ url: file('arabic'), range: arabicRange() });
  }
  return files;
}

/** The unicode-range loadFonts gives a Fontsource file. A function, not a
 *  const: the kit is inlined after the recipe's top-level awaits. */
function comicRange(subset) {
  return {
    latin: 'U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,'
      + 'U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD',
    'latin-ext': 'U+0100-02BA,U+02BD-02C5,U+02C7-02CC,U+02CE-02D7,U+02DD-02FF,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,'
      + 'U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF',
    greek: 'U+0370-03FF',
  }[subset];
}

/** The PDF font provider of a comic in any script: a CJK face goes to
 *  cjkPdfProvider, an Arabic face to arabicPdfProvider, any other to
 *  fontsourceProvider (the "pdf" block). Each embeds the shipped weight
 *  and style nearest to the one asked for, the file loadComicFonts
 *  declared for the canvas. */
async function comicPdfProvider(family, weight, style, request) {
  const subsets = (await fontsourceMeta(family))?.subsets ?? [];
  if (subsets.some((subset) => /^(chinese|japanese|korean)/.test(subset))) {
    if (typeof cjkPdfProvider !== 'function') throw new Error(`${family} is a CJK face: list the cjk kit block`);
    return cjkPdfProvider(family, weight, style, request);
  }
  if (subsets.includes('arabic') && typeof arabicPdfProvider === 'function') {
    return arabicPdfProvider(family, weight, style, request);
  }
  return fontsourceProvider(family, weight, style, request);
}

/** A panel picture as a resource for art= (and pop=): loads `url`
 *  (write asset('lh-arrive.jpg') in the call, so the lint checks the file)
 *  and declares it with `meta`, its entry in the art manifest:
 *  { width, height, alt, safeArea, anchors, avoid, faces }. The safe area
 *  is what every crop keeps, the anchors the speakers' mouths, heads and
 *  faces, the avoid zones what no balloon covers unless a panel has no
 *  other room, and `faces` the faces of the people who do not speak, which
 *  no balloon ever covers; all in fractions of the picture, the same in
 *  every language. Without width and height, the picture's own size. Needs
 *  the images block. Resolves to the resource. */
async function comicPanel(id, url, meta = {}) {
  const fileId = decodeURIComponent(url.split('/').pop());
  await loadImage(fileId, url);
  let { width, height } = meta;
  if (!width || !height) {
    const bitmap = await createImageBitmap(new Blob([imageBytes(fileId)]));
    ({ width, height } = bitmap);
    bitmap.close();
  }
  return {
    id, typeId: meta.typeId ?? 'figure', kind: 'bitmap', createdAt: 0, updatedAt: 0,
    bitmap: { fileId, format: /\.png$/i.test(fileId) ? 'png' : 'jpeg', width, height },
    ...(meta.alt && { altText: meta.alt }),
    ...(meta.safeArea && { safeArea: meta.safeArea }),
    ...(meta.anchors?.length && { anchors: meta.anchors }),
    ...(meta.avoid?.length && { avoid: meta.avoid }),
    ...(meta.faces?.length && { faces: meta.faces }),
  };
}

// ─── /Kit ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
```

## Errori frequenti

- **Assegna a un testo giapponese il tag 'ja', mai zh-Hans o LANG.** Le edizioni di una ricetta sono en ed es, ma un esempio giapponese è giapponese in entrambe: `locale: LANG` gli darebbe il tag inglese o spagnolo, e un tag cinese lo comporrebbe con le regole cinesi (punteggiatura Kaiming, kana piccoli liberi di aprire una riga, 图 per 図, forme cinesi dei glifi nel PDF). Da postext 1.30 il tag è anche la lingua usata per lo shaping del testo (misura, disegno e incorporamento), quindi qualunque tag diverso da 'ja' dà forme dei glifi diverse da quelle giapponesi (quelle cinesi con un tag cinese) e altri a capo. Scrivi 'ja': sceglie la regione Giappone (divisione in righe e punteggiatura JLReq, segni d’enfasi a sesamo, spaziatura dei furigana, etichette 図 e 表) e disattiva la sillabazione. Il lint fa fallire un testo con kana sotto un tag zh o ko.
- **I caratteri cinesi si caricano a fette, tramite il blocco cjk.** Fontsource serve una famiglia cinese, giapponese o coreana come un centinaio di file per peso, ognuno dei quali copre un intervallo di caratteri. loadFonts scarica solo il file latin, così a schermo i caratteri Han vengono da un font di sistema e sono misurati male, e fontsourceProvider passa al PDF quel file latin, che li stampa come riquadri vuoti. Elenca il blocco cjk del kit, chiama loadCjkFonts(FONTS, markdown) dopo loadFonts (una volta per voce tipografica, con il testo che compone, quando il libro usa più caratteri CJK) e passa a renderToPdf fontProvider: cjkPdfProvider: entrambi prendono i file che contengono i caratteri del testo.

- In una vignetta piccola un balloon verticale esaurisce l’altezza prima della larghezza: il motore lo compone in più colonne, più corte, andando a capo tra le parole. L’ultimo grido dell’impiegato è comunque troppo alto per la vignetta in basso in giapponese, quindi è marcato `break` (`kyaku{shout break}`): esplode verso l’alto attraverso la cornice nella vignetta sopra invece di coprire i gatti, e resta fuori dal margine della pagina.
- Un grande effetto sonoro si tiene lontano dai volti come un balloon, e il suo punto di ancoraggio sta dentro la zona sicura della vignetta, così ogni ritaglio lo mantiene: «TONF!» sta a `70% 80%`, sulle zampe dei gatti. Il giapponese ずしっ è composto in verticale ed è più alto; in quel punto copriva il muso della gatta tricolore e la composizione avvisava `comicBalloonOverflow`, quindi lì sta a `86% 84%`, accanto a lei.

## Crediti

- Ricetta: Ignacio Ferro ([@drnachio](https://github.com/drnachio))
- Testo: ねこ喫茶まどろみ (Café Doze), two yonkoma strips written for this recipe, with their English, Spanish, Catalan, Chinese and Arabic letterings: Postext Cookbook, CC-BY-4.0
- Immagini: Mugi unlocking the cat café's door, three cats waiting inside: Generated With Diffusion Models, originale
- Immagini: Mugi setting out food bowls for the cats: Generated With Diffusion Models, originale
- Immagini: Three cats eating from one bowl: Generated With Diffusion Models, originale
- Immagini: The cats staring at Mugi's toast: Generated With Diffusion Models, originale
- Immagini: A tired office worker arriving at the café: Generated With Diffusion Models, originale
- Immagini: The three cats asleep on one cushion: Generated With Diffusion Models, originale
- Immagini: The office worker opening his laptop: Generated With Diffusion Models, originale
- Immagini: The cats sitting on the keyboard, the worker in happy tears: Generated With Diffusion Models, originale
- Caratteri: Zen Antique (OFL-1.1), Dela Gothic One (OFL-1.1), Comic Neue (OFL-1.1), Bangers (OFL-1.1), Noto Sans SC (OFL-1.1), ZCOOL KuaiLe (OFL-1.1), Playpen Sans Arabic (OFL-1.1), Lalezar (OFL-1.1)
- Codice: MIT · Contenuto di esempio: CC-BY-4.0

## Ricette correlate

- [Nº 149 · Un manga da destra a sinistra, letterato in verticale](https://postext.dev/it/cookbook/manga-right-to-left.md): Due pagine di manga disegnate da destra a sinistra: artDirection rtl tiene l’ordine delle vignette in ogni edizione, le nuvolette giapponesi vanno in colonne. · Livello 2 (Intermedio) · Fumetti
- [Nº 127 · Un albo illustrato in hiragana, spaziato per frasi](https://postext.dev/it/cookbook/hiragana-picture-book.md): Un albo illustrato verticale in hiragana con uno spazio tra le frasi (wakachigaki): keep-all tiene intera ogni frase e le righe vanno a capo solo agli spazi. · Livello 2 (Intermedio) · Narrativa, teatro e prosa letteraria, Libri fotografici
- [Nº 153 · Una pagina con il lettering in sei lingue](https://postext.dev/it/cookbook/one-page-six-languages.md): Una tavola a fumetti, vignette e immagini fisse, letterata per lingua: il locale sceglie il font; il giapponese è verticale e, come l’arabo, si legge da destra. · Livello 3 (Avanzato) · Fumetti