In breve
Le prime pagine di un romanzo scritto in arabo, impaginate come le stamperebbe un editore arabo: le righe vanno da destra a sinistra, il libro si apre da quello che per un lettore latino è il fondo e i numeri di pagina usano le cifre arabe.
Che cosa comporrai
L’inizio di حروف من رصاص (Lettere di piombo), un romanzo su un nipote che riapre la tipografia del nonno in un vicolo del Cairo, composto come una brossura editoriale araba: 14 × 21 cm, Markazi Text a 13,5 pt su un’interlinea di 22 pt, giustificato, con il rientro di prima riga a destra. L’estratto comincia a pagina 10 con una pagina di parte nel blu della porta della bottega, un reticolo di stelle a otto punte disegnato nel codice, e il nome della parte in Reem Kufi a 64 pt. L’apertura del capitolo le sta di fronte sulla pagina sinistra, numerata in lettere, الفصل الأول. I folio stampano ١٠, ١١, ١٢; il titolo del libro corre sulle pagine destre e il capitolo sulle sinistre. Un romanzo in brossura compone lo stesso tipo di libro da sinistra a destra.
Questa ricetta risponde a
- Come compongo un libro arabo da destra a sinistra e lo rilego a destra?
La risposta breve
const page = {
width: mm(TRIM.width), height: mm(TRIM.height), dpi: 150, backgroundColor: col('paper'),
// left and right are the flow's sides: in a right-to-left book left is the spine side,
// so these margins put 20 mm at the spine and 16 mm outside on both pages of a spread.
margins: { top: mm(23), bottom: mm(22), left: mm(20), right: mm(OUTER), mirror: true },
// binding: 'auto' (unset) is 'right' for a right-to-left locale: page 1 is a left page.
};
const bodyText = {
fontFamily: TEXT, fontSize: pt(BODY), lineHeight: pt(LEAD), color: col('ink'),
boldColor: col('ink'), italicColor: col('ink'), referenceColor: col('ink'),
// justify ends every line on both sides; the engine lengthens joined letters (kashida,
// on by default for Arabic) after it opens the spaces a quarter. Never hyphenated.
textAlign: 'justify', optimalLineBreaking: true,
firstLineIndent: em(1.5), indentAfterHeading: false, // the indent is on the right
avoidWidows: true, avoidOrphans: true, avoidRunts: true,
};
Ingredienti
- Funzionalità
- Testo da destra a sinistraLibri rilegati a destraCifre dei numeri generatiGiustificazione con la kashidaFont arabiL’arabo come lingua del documentoOrdinali arabi in lettereCarattere del testo correnteRientri, allineamento e spaziatura dei paragrafiAperture progettateStili di titoloTitoli numeratiAttributi dei titoliTestatine e folioTestatine secondo il ruolo della paginaMargini speculariImmagini nei progetti di paginaEsportazione in PDF
- Usa anche
- Paragrafi nell’altra direzioneColore della cartaStili di paragrafoFont incorporati nel PDFFigure e tabelle come risorseTestatine per sezioneCapitoli non numerati
- Tipo
- Markazi Text, Reem Kufi, Noto Kufi Arabic (SIL OFL 1.1)
- Risorse
- Nessuna: ogni immagine è disegnata nel codice
Preparazione
#1 · Un locale, tre decisioni
Il codice è la risposta breve qui sopra. locale: 'ar' è tutto ciò che dice la configurazione, e il motore ne ricava tre cose: il testo va da destra a sinistra (direction: 'auto'), il libro è rilegato a destra (page.binding: 'auto'), e ogni numero scritto dal motore usa le cifre arabo-indiane (numerals: 'auto'), folio compresi (iniziare un libro arabo). Margini e allineamenti mantengono le parole left e right, ma in un libro da destra a sinistra indicano i lati del flusso: margins.left è il lato del dorso, e il rientro di prima riga sta a destra. Le righe giustificate allargano prima gli spazi e poi allungano le lettere legate con il tatweel, la kashida dei libri arabi; il testo non viene mai sillabato (giustificazione e kashida).

#2 · Un numero di capitolo in lettere
const SINK = 58; // mm: where the text starts on an opener
const centred = (y, size) => ({ anchor: { to: 'container', edge: 'top' },
offset: { y: mm(y) }, ...(size && { size }) });
const opener = {
enabled: true, minHeight: mm(SINK),
slot: { elements: [
{ kind: 'image', id: 'star', resourceId: 'star', placement: centred(8, { width: mm(9) }) },
// {number} is the level's numbering template below: الفصل الأول, الفصل الثاني…
{ kind: 'text', id: 'kicker', content: '{number}', fontFamily: LABEL, fontSize: pt(10),
fontWeight: 600, color: col('door'), align: 'center', placement: centred(22) },
{ kind: 'text', id: 'title', content: '{titleText}', fontFamily: DISPLAY, fontSize: pt(30),
fontWeight: 600, lineHeight: 1.3, color: col('ink'), align: 'center', overflow: 'wrap',
placement: centred(29, { width: 'fill' }) },
] },
};
const chapter = {
level: 1, fontFamily: DISPLAY, fontWeight: 600, marginTop: pt(0), marginBottom: pt(0),
// Each chapter opens a page, on either side of the spine.
breakBefore: { enabled: true, parity: 'any' },
// A masculine ordinal in words: {1:ordinal-feminine} would give الأولى, الثانية…
numberingTemplate: 'الفصل {1:ordinal}', advancedDesign: opener,
};
Il numberingTemplate del livello scrive الفصل e il numero come ordinale maschile, così il secondo capitolo è الفصل الثاني senza toccare il Markdown; {1:ordinal-feminine} dà الأولى, الثانية per un nome femminile come الليلة (numeri ordinali e cardinali in lettere). L’apertura lo stampa con {number} sopra il titolo. Le aperture arabe sono di solito centrate, quindi align: 'center' evita ogni dubbio su quale lato comincia il disegno.
#3 · Le testatine restano sulle loro pagine
// Running heads and folios keep their physical sides in a right-to-left book. The right page
// is an even page here and is read first: the book's title; the left page, the chapter's.
const label = { fontFamily: LABEL, fontSize: pt(8), color: col('muted'), pages: 'body' };
const at = (edge, x, y = 12) => ({ anchor: { to: 'page', edge }, offset: { x: mm(x), y: mm(y) } });
const folio = { ...label, fontWeight: 600, color: col('ink') };
const header = { elements: [
{ kind: 'text', id: 'r-folio', content: '{pageNumber}', parity: 'even', ...folio,
align: 'right', placement: at('top-right', -OUTER) },
{ kind: 'text', id: 'r-title', content: '{title}', parity: 'even', ...label, align: 'right',
placement: at('top-right', -(OUTER + 9)) },
{ kind: 'text', id: 'l-chapter', content: '{chapterTitle}', parity: 'odd', ...label,
align: 'left', placement: at('top-left', OUTER + 9) },
{ kind: 'text', id: 'l-folio', content: '{pageNumber}', parity: 'odd', ...folio,
align: 'left', placement: at('top-left', OUTER) },
] };
// The openers carry no head: their folio drops to the foot, centred.
const footer = { elements: [{ kind: 'text', id: 'drop-folio', content: '{pageNumber}', ...folio,
pages: 'opener', align: 'center', placement: at('bottom', 0, -11) }] };
Il testo corrente segue il flusso, ma testatine e folio mantengono i loro lati fisici. La pagina 12 è pari ed è una pagina destra in questo libro, quindi il suo folio va in alto a destra con accanto il titolo del libro; la pagina 13 sta a sinistra e porta il capitolo. Leggi una doppia pagina da destra, come fa un lettore arabo, e il titolo del libro viene prima. showBook dispone le pagine specchiate, la pagina 11 a sinistra della pagina 10, così lo schermo mostra le doppie pagine come si apre il libro.
#4 · Una pagina di parte disegnata nel codice
// # الدرب {style="plate" kicker="…" line="…"}: a heading that paints a whole page.
const onPage = (y) => ({ anchor: { to: 'page', edge: 'top' }, offset: { y: mm(y) } });
const plate = {
id: 'plate', span: 'page', numbered: false, runningChapter: false, toc: false,
breakBefore: { enabled: true, parity: 'any' }, // (gotcha: style-inherits-break)
header: { elements: [] }, footer: { elements: [] },
advancedDesign: { enabled: true, slot: { elements: [
// The drawing carries 3 mm of bleed a side: a box of the trim would fit it by its width
// and leave a strip of paper at the head and the foot.
{ kind: 'image', id: 'field', resourceId: 'lattice', placement: {
anchor: { to: 'page', edge: 'top-left' }, offset: { x: mm(-3), y: mm(-3) },
size: { width: mm(TRIM.width + 6), height: mm(TRIM.height + 6) } } },
{ kind: 'text', id: 'part', content: '{attr.kicker}', fontFamily: LABEL, fontSize: pt(11),
fontWeight: 600, color: col('brass'), align: 'center', placement: onPage(76) },
{ kind: 'text', id: 'name', content: '{titleText}', fontFamily: DISPLAY, fontSize: pt(64),
fontWeight: 600, lineHeight: 1.2, color: col('paper'), align: 'center',
placement: onPage(86) },
{ kind: 'text', id: 'line', content: '{attr.line}', fontFamily: TEXT, fontSize: pt(13),
color: col('paper'), align: 'center', placement: onPage(124) },
] } },
};
La pagina di parte è un titolo di primo livello, # الدرب {style="plate" …}, il cui stile dipinge l’intero foglio e toglie testatina e folio. Il reticolo è un SVG generato nel pen da due quadrati ruotati di 45°, la stella khātam dell’ornato geometrico islamico, nel blu e nell’ottone della tavolozza, così il PDF lo conserva come tracciati vettoriali. numbered: false tiene la pagina di parte fuori dal conteggio dei capitoli, e l’apertura che segue è الفصل الأول.
La ricetta completa
// ═══ Postext Cookbook · Nº 105 · An Arabic novel set right to left, bound on the right ═══ // https://postext.dev/en/cookbook/arabic-novel-right-bound // Code: MIT · Text: original Arabic prose (CC BY 4.0) · Pattern: drawn in code // Fonts: Markazi Text, Reem Kufi, Noto Kufi Arabic (SIL OFL 1.1) · Needs postext ≥ 1.25.0 import { buildDocument, withLoadedFonts, renderPageToCanvas, registerResourceImage, } from 'https://esm.sh/postext'; import { renderToPdf, decompressWoff2 } from 'https://esm.sh/postext-pdf'; const LANG = 'en'; // @lang: the language of the frame; the novel is Arabic in both editions const RECIPE = 'arabic-novel-right-bound'; // ─── 1 · Design ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── // The blue of the press's door, the brass of its key, ink on a cream book paper. // #region palette: the door's blue, the key's brass, every colour linked by id const palette = { ink: '#1f1c19', // text: a warm near-black door: '#2b4766', // the accent: the part page's field, the openers' kickers brass: '#b08d4a', // the second accent: the medallion's line and the openers' star lattice: '#3d5d82', // the pattern's lines, a step lighter than the field rule: '#cbc3b5', // hairlines muted: '#6b645b', // running heads, folios, the colophon paper: '#fbf8f1', // a cream book paper }; const col = (id) => ({ hex: palette[id], model: 'hex', paletteId: id }); const colorPalette = Object.entries({ ...palette, 'main-color': palette.door }) .map(([id, hex]) => ({ id, name: id, value: { hex, model: 'hex' } })); // #endregion const [TEXT, DISPLAY, LABEL] = ['Markazi Text', 'Reem Kufi', 'Noto Kufi Arabic']; const [BODY, LEAD] = [13.5, 22]; // pt: Naskh sets small, so 13.5 pt on 1.63 × the size const TRIM = { width: 140, height: 210 }; // mm: 14 × 21 cm, the Arab trade novel const OUTER = 16; // mm: the outer margin, where the folios stand // #region answer: the locale sets the direction, the binding and the digits const page = { width: mm(TRIM.width), height: mm(TRIM.height), dpi: 150, backgroundColor: col('paper'), // left and right are the flow's sides: in a right-to-left book left is the spine side, // so these margins put 20 mm at the spine and 16 mm outside on both pages of a spread. margins: { top: mm(23), bottom: mm(22), left: mm(20), right: mm(OUTER), mirror: true }, // binding: 'auto' (unset) is 'right' for a right-to-left locale: page 1 is a left page. }; const bodyText = { fontFamily: TEXT, fontSize: pt(BODY), lineHeight: pt(LEAD), color: col('ink'), boldColor: col('ink'), italicColor: col('ink'), referenceColor: col('ink'), // justify ends every line on both sides; the engine lengthens joined letters (kashida, // on by default for Arabic) after it opens the spaces a quarter. Never hyphenated. textAlign: 'justify', optimalLineBreaking: true, firstLineIndent: em(1.5), indentAfterHeading: false, // the indent is on the right avoidWidows: true, avoidOrphans: true, avoidRunts: true, }; // #endregion // #region opener: the chapter number in words over the title, sunk under a brass star const SINK = 58; // mm: where the text starts on an opener const centred = (y, size) => ({ anchor: { to: 'container', edge: 'top' }, offset: { y: mm(y) }, ...(size && { size }) }); const opener = { enabled: true, minHeight: mm(SINK), slot: { elements: [ { kind: 'image', id: 'star', resourceId: 'star', placement: centred(8, { width: mm(9) }) }, // {number} is the level's numbering template below: الفصل الأول, الفصل الثاني… { kind: 'text', id: 'kicker', content: '{number}', fontFamily: LABEL, fontSize: pt(10), fontWeight: 600, color: col('door'), align: 'center', placement: centred(22) }, { kind: 'text', id: 'title', content: '{titleText}', fontFamily: DISPLAY, fontSize: pt(30), fontWeight: 600, lineHeight: 1.3, color: col('ink'), align: 'center', overflow: 'wrap', placement: centred(29, { width: 'fill' }) }, ] }, }; const chapter = { level: 1, fontFamily: DISPLAY, fontWeight: 600, marginTop: pt(0), marginBottom: pt(0), // Each chapter opens a page, on either side of the spine. breakBefore: { enabled: true, parity: 'any' }, // A masculine ordinal in words: {1:ordinal-feminine} would give الأولى, الثانية… numberingTemplate: 'الفصل {1:ordinal}', advancedDesign: opener, }; // #endregion // #region heads: physical, so the right page carries the book and the left the chapter // Running heads and folios keep their physical sides in a right-to-left book. The right page // is an even page here and is read first: the book's title; the left page, the chapter's. const label = { fontFamily: LABEL, fontSize: pt(8), color: col('muted'), pages: 'body' }; const at = (edge, x, y = 12) => ({ anchor: { to: 'page', edge }, offset: { x: mm(x), y: mm(y) } }); const folio = { ...label, fontWeight: 600, color: col('ink') }; const header = { elements: [ { kind: 'text', id: 'r-folio', content: '{pageNumber}', parity: 'even', ...folio, align: 'right', placement: at('top-right', -OUTER) }, { kind: 'text', id: 'r-title', content: '{title}', parity: 'even', ...label, align: 'right', placement: at('top-right', -(OUTER + 9)) }, { kind: 'text', id: 'l-chapter', content: '{chapterTitle}', parity: 'odd', ...label, align: 'left', placement: at('top-left', OUTER + 9) }, { kind: 'text', id: 'l-folio', content: '{pageNumber}', parity: 'odd', ...folio, align: 'left', placement: at('top-left', OUTER) }, ] }; // The openers carry no head: their folio drops to the foot, centred. const footer = { elements: [{ kind: 'text', id: 'drop-folio', content: '{pageNumber}', ...folio, pages: 'opener', align: 'center', placement: at('bottom', 0, -11) }] }; // #endregion // #region plate: the part page, the door's blue edge to edge under a lattice of stars // # الدرب {style="plate" kicker="…" line="…"}: a heading that paints a whole page. const onPage = (y) => ({ anchor: { to: 'page', edge: 'top' }, offset: { y: mm(y) } }); const plate = { id: 'plate', span: 'page', numbered: false, runningChapter: false, toc: false, breakBefore: { enabled: true, parity: 'any' }, // (gotcha: style-inherits-break) header: { elements: [] }, footer: { elements: [] }, advancedDesign: { enabled: true, slot: { elements: [ // The drawing carries 3 mm of bleed a side: a box of the trim would fit it by its width // and leave a strip of paper at the head and the foot. { kind: 'image', id: 'field', resourceId: 'lattice', placement: { anchor: { to: 'page', edge: 'top-left' }, offset: { x: mm(-3), y: mm(-3) }, size: { width: mm(TRIM.width + 6), height: mm(TRIM.height + 6) } } }, { kind: 'text', id: 'part', content: '{attr.kicker}', fontFamily: LABEL, fontSize: pt(11), fontWeight: 600, color: col('brass'), align: 'center', placement: onPage(76) }, { kind: 'text', id: 'name', content: '{titleText}', fontFamily: DISPLAY, fontSize: pt(64), fontWeight: 600, lineHeight: 1.2, color: col('paper'), align: 'center', placement: onPage(86) }, { kind: 'text', id: 'line', content: '{attr.line}', fontFamily: TEXT, fontSize: pt(13), color: col('paper'), align: 'center', placement: onPage(124) }, ] } }, }; // #endregion const config = () => ({ locale: 'ar', // written out, never LANG (gotcha: arabic-locale-tag) colorPalette, page, bodyText, layout: { layoutType: 'single' }, headings: { fontFamily: DISPLAY, fontWeight: 600, color: col('ink'), levels: [chapter] }, headingStyles: [plate], paragraphStyles: [ // The colophon is in the reader's language, set left to right ({dir=ltr} on its block). { id: 'colophon', fontFamily: TEXT, fontSize: pt(8.5), lineHeight: pt(11), color: col('muted'), textAlign: 'left', firstLineIndent: pt(0), marginTop: pt(LEAD) }, ], header, footer, }); // ─── 2 · Content ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── const markdown = String.raw`---Esempio Markdown · 63 righe · content.en.md
title: "حروف من رصاص" author: "نادية الشريف" --- # الدرب {style="plate" kicker="القسم الأول" line="«الحرف العربي لا يعيش وحده.»"} # الباب الأزرق نزلتُ من سيارة الأجرة عند مدخل الدرب، فالسائق لم يشأ أن يغامر بسيارته بين جدرانٍ تكاد تتلامس من فوق. كان الوقت ظهرًا، والشمس واقفة فوق الرؤوس لا تترك للظل إلا شريطًا رفيعًا عند أسفل البيوت. حملتُ حقيبتي ومشيت. اثنتا عشرة سنة لم أطأ فيها هذا البلاط، ومع ذلك عرفت قدماي الحجر المكسور أمام دكان الحلاق، فتجنّبته قبل أن أراه. لم يتغيّر الدرب كثيرًا. تغيّرت اللافتات وحدها: صار دكان الفول محلًّا لإصلاح الهواتف، وصارت ورشة النجار مخزنًا للبلاستيك تعلوه لافتة صفراء بخطٍّ مطبوع لا روح فيه. أما الشرفات الخشبية فبقيت مائلة كما كانت، وبقي الغسيل منشورًا عليها كأنه لم يُرفع منذ سافرت. كانت أم صابر جالسة على كرسيّها الخيزران أمام بابها، تقشّر البازلاء في صحن من الصاج. رفعت رأسها حين سمعت عجلات الحقيبة على الحجر، وظلّت تنظر إليّ لحظة طويلة قبل أن تضع الصحن على الأرض وتقوم. قالت: «يوسف؟ ابن سعاد؟» قلت: «أنا يا خالة.» ضمّتني إلى صدرها فشممت رائحة الصابون والبصل معًا، ثم أبعدتني لتنظر في وجهي، ثم ضمّتني مرة أخرى. قالت إن جدّي كان يذكرني كل يوم، وإنه كان يقول لكل من يمرّ بالمطبعة إن حفيده يعمل مهندسًا في بلاد الثلج، وإنه سيرجع. ثم سكتت، لأن الرجوع جاء متأخرًا أربعين يومًا. دخلت بيتها وعادت بمفتاح نحاسي كبير معلّق بخيط من الدوبارة. قالت: «تركه عندي قبل أن يدخل المستشفى. قال: إذا جاء يوسف فأعطيه المفتاح، ولا تعطيه لأحد غيره، ولا حتى لخاله.» ضحكت وهي تقول ذلك، وضحكت معها، لأن خالي لم يدخل المطبعة في حياته إلا ليطلب مالًا. كانت المطبعة في آخر الدرب، حيث ينعطف نحو الجامع الصغير. بابها خشبي عريض مطليّ بالأزرق، والطلاء قد تقشّر عند الأطراف فظهر تحته طلاء أخضر أقدم، وتحت الأخضر خشب رمادي. وفوق الباب لوحة من الصفيح كتب عليها جدّي بيده، بخط الثلث الذي تعلّمه في شبابه: «مطبعة النجمة، لصاحبها منصور عبد الحميد، تأسّست سنة ١٩٥٢». وتحتها بخط أصغر: «طبع الكتب والدفاتر وبطاقات الأفراح». أدرت المفتاح مرتين. قاوم القفل قليلًا، ثم استسلم بصوت أعرفه، طقّة مكتومة تتبعها أخرى. ودفعت الباب. خرجت إليّ رائحة المكان قبل أن تعتاد عيناي العتمة: حبر الطباعة، ذلك الخليط من الزيت والسخام الذي لا يشبه شيئًا آخر، ورائحة الورق المكدّس، ورائحة الرصاص الباردة التي كان جدّي يقول إنها رائحة الصبر. وقفت على العتبة حتى بدأت الأشياء تخرج من الظل واحدًا بعد الآخر. في الصدر آلة الطباعة الكبيرة، السوداء، ذات العجلة الحديدية التي كنت أحسبها وأنا صغير ساعة عملاقة. وعلى الجدار الأيمن الخزائن الخشبية العالية، بأدراجها الضيقة المائلة، كل درج منها صندوق حروف. وعلى الطاولة الطويلة تحت النافذة أوراق مصفوفة تحت قطعة من الرخام، ومقصّ، وفنجان قهوة جفّ في قاعه البُنّ. وكان التقويم المعلّق بجانب الباب ما يزال على شهر مايو، لم يمزّق أحد أوراقه بعد ذلك. فتحت النافذة. دخل الضوء مائلًا ومعه غبار ناعم أخذ يدور ببطء فوق الطاولة. وعلى مسمار خلف الباب وجدت مريلته الجلدية معلّقة، بنّية داكنة، لامعة عند البطن من كثرة ما مسحت عليها يداه. لم ألمسها. جلست على الكرسي العالي الذي كان يجلس عليه وهو يصفّ الحروف، ونظرت إلى الخزائن، وفكّرت أنني لا أعرف ماذا أفعل بكل هذا. جاءني صوت أم صابر من الباب: «الغداء جاهز يا يوسف. لا تجلس هنا وحدك في العتمة.» قلت إنني قادم. ولم أقم إلا بعد أن أغلقت النافذة، ومررت بيدي على حافة الطاولة، كما كان هو يفعل كل مساء قبل أن يطفئ النور. # صندوق الحروف استيقظت في السادسة على صوت بائع الخبز ينادي في الدرب، ولم أعرف أين أنا. كنت قد نمت على الأريكة في الغرفة الخلفية من المطبعة، تلك التي كان جدّي يستريح فيها بعد الظهر، لأنني لم أحتمل فكرة النوم في فندق على بعد عشر دقائق من هذا المكان. غسلت وجهي في الحوض الصغير، وصنعت قهوة على الموقد الذي لا يشتعل إلا إذا ضربته ضربة خفيفة من الجانب، كما علّمني جدّي. ثم وقفت أمام الخزائن. كان صندوق الحروف أول ما عرفته من هذه المهنة. كنت في السابعة حين أجلسني جدّي على هذا الكرسي نفسه، وفتح أمامي درجًا، وقال: «هذه هي العربية كلها يا يوسف. ثمانية وعشرون حرفًا، ولكن لا تصدّق من يقول لك إنها ثمانية وعشرون.» لم أفهم يومها، ففتح لي درجًا آخر، وثالثًا. كان في كل درج مئات من الخانات الصغيرة، وفي كل خانة قطع من الرصاص لا يزيد طول الواحدة منها على عُقلة الإصبع، وعلى رأس كل قطعة حرف بارز مقلوب. أخرج من خانة قطعة، ومن خانة أخرى قطعة ثانية، ووضعهما في كفّي. قال: «هذه عين في أول الكلمة، وهذه عين في آخرها. حرف واحد، وشكلان. وعندنا عين في الوسط، وعين وحدها. الحرف العربي يا ولدي لا يعيش وحده، يتغيّر بحسب جاره.» صرت بعد ذلك أقضي العطلة الصيفية كلها هنا. تعلّمت أن أمسك المِصَفّ، تلك المسطرة المعدنية ذات الحافة، بيدي اليسرى، وأن ألتقط الحروف باليمنى من غير أن أنظر، وأن أصفّها من اليمين إلى اليسار، مقلوبة، كما تُقرأ في المرآة. وتعلّمت أن السطر لا يُترك قصيرًا أبدًا. فإذا انتهت الكلمات قبل نهاية السطر، ملأ جدّي الفراغ بقطع صغيرة بلا حروف يدسّها بين الكلمات، أو مدّ بعض الحروف بقطع خاصة كان يسمّيها «المدّات»، حتى يستوي السطر مع جاره من الجانبين. كان يقول إن المدّ صنعة، وإن الصبي يمدّ حيث يشاء، أما الصنايعي فيعرف أين يجوز المدّ وأين لا يجوز: لا مدّ بعد الكاف، ولا في كلمتين متجاورتين، ولا تجعل المدّات تقف بعضها فوق بعض في سطور متتالية، فتبدو الصفحة كأن فيها نهرًا. وكان يمسك صفحة مطبوعة من كتاب قديم، ويمرّر إصبعه على سطورها، ويقول: «انظر. هنا مدّ، وهنا، وهنا. هل تراها؟ لا تراها. هذا هو الشغل.» فتحت الدرج الأول الآن. كانت الحروف في مكانها، مرصوصة ونظيفة. لكن الدرج الثاني كان ناقصًا، والثالث أيضًا، وحين بحثت عن الحروف الناقصة وجدتها مصفوفة على الطاولة الصغيرة بجانب الآلة: صفحة كاملة، محزومة بالخيط، مثبّتة داخل إطار حديدي، جاهزة للطبع. انحنيت عليها. القراءة في الرصاص صعبة، لأن كل شيء مقلوب، والحروف كلها بلون واحد رمادي. ولكنني عرفت بعد قليل أنها قصيدة، أبياتها مصفوفة شطرين شطرين، وفوقها عنوان بحروف أكبر. وفي الزاوية ورقة مطوية، بخط جدّي المرتعش في سنواته الأخيرة: «ديوان أحمد الصافي. الملزمة الأولى. يُطبع ألف نسخة على ورق أصفر.» لم يكن على الطاولة شيء آخر من الديوان: لا مخطوطة، ولا اسم ناشر، ولا عنوان. كانت الصفحة الأولى وحدها، تنتظر منذ مايو. جلست على الكرسي العالي، وأخذت أقرأ الأبيات حرفًا حرفًا، من اليمين إلى اليسار، كما علّمني. في الخارج بدأ الدرب يستيقظ: باب يُفتح، وماء يُرشّ على الحجر، وراديو بعيد يقرأ نشرة الأخبار. وفي الداخل، بيني وبين الصفحة المقلوبة، كان جدّي ما يزال يعمل. :::paragraphs{style="colophon" dir=ltr} An opening written in Arabic for the Postext Cookbook; the novel, its author and its people are invented. Set in Markazi Text, Reem Kufi and Noto Kufi Arabic (SIL OFL) · Text: CC BY 4.0. :::`; // content.<lang>.md: the same Arabic text in both // #region art: an eight-pointed star lattice and the brass star of the openers // Two squares turned 45° make the eight-pointed star (khātam); stars on a square grid, with a // small square between every four, make the lattice. Lines only: the PDF keeps them as paths. const star = (cx, cy, r) => { const pts = []; for (let k = 0; k < 16; k++) { const a = (k * Math.PI) / 8; const d = k % 2 ? r * 0.7654 : r; // 0.7654: where the two squares' sides cross pts.push(`${(cx + d * Math.sin(a)).toFixed(2)} ${(cy - d * Math.cos(a)).toFixed(2)}`); } return `M${pts.join('L')}Z`; }; function lattice() { const [W, H, S] = [TRIM.width + 6, TRIM.height + 6, 14]; // mm, 3 mm bleed a side let lines = ''; for (let y = -S; y <= H + S; y += S) { for (let x = -S / 2; x <= W + S; x += S) { lines += star(x, y, S * 0.46); lines += `M${x + S / 2} ${y + S / 2 - 2.6}l2.6 2.6l-2.6 2.6l-2.6 -2.6Z`; } } const [cx, cy] = [W / 2, 104]; // the medallion, behind the part's name return `<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="${W * 10}" height="${H * 10}" ` + `viewBox="0 0 ${W} ${H}"><rect width="${W}" height="${H}" fill="${palette.door}"/>` + `<path d="${lines}" fill="none" stroke="${palette.lattice}" stroke-width="0.4"/>` + `<path d="${star(cx, cy, 56)}" fill="${palette.door}" stroke="${palette.brass}" ` + 'stroke-width="0.7"/>' + `<path d="${star(cx, cy, 52)}" fill="none" stroke="${palette.brass}" stroke-width="0.3"/>` + '</svg>'; } const brassStar = () => '<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="200" height="200" ' + `viewBox="0 0 20 20"><path d="${star(10, 10, 9.5)}" fill="${palette.brass}"/>` + `<path d="${star(10, 10, 4)}" fill="${palette.paper}"/></svg>`; // #endregion const resources = [ { id: 'lattice', typeId: 'figure', kind: 'svg', createdAt: 0, updatedAt: 0, svg: { fileId: 'lattice.svg', width: (TRIM.width + 6) * 10, height: (TRIM.height + 6) * 10 }, altText: t({ en: 'A lattice of eight-pointed stars in blue lines on a deep blue field, ' + 'with a large star outlined in brass at its centre.', es: 'Una celosía de estrellas de ocho puntas en líneas azules sobre un fondo azul oscuro, ' + 'con una gran estrella perfilada en latón en el centro.' }) }, { id: 'star', typeId: 'figure', kind: 'svg', createdAt: 0, updatedAt: 0, svg: { fileId: 'star.svg', width: 200, height: 200 }, altText: t({ en: 'A small eight-pointed brass star.', es: 'Una pequeña estrella de latón de ocho puntas.' }) }, ]; // ─── 3 · Fonts ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── const FONTS = { // every face the pages use, loaded before the build 'Markazi Text': ['400'], // TEXT: the novel, the part page's line, the colophon 'Reem Kufi': ['600'], // DISPLAY: the part's name, the chapter titles 'Noto Kufi Arabic': ['400', '600'], // LABEL: running heads, folios, kickers }; // ─── 4 · Build & show ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────── await loadFonts(FONTS, markdown); // Each Arabic face's letters live in a file of their own (gotcha: arabic-fonts-subset). await loadArabicFonts(FONTS, markdown); await loadSvg('lattice.svg', lattice()); await loadSvg('star.svg', brassStar()); // The excerpt opens on page 10 of the book, a right-hand page: folios and parity follow it. const continuation = { pageIndexOffset: 9, pageNumbering: { startAt: 10 } }; const doc = await withLoadedFonts( () => buildDocument({ markdown, resources, continuation }, config()), { ...kitFonts(FONTS), text: markdown }); showBook(doc, { title: t({ en: 'An Arabic novel, bound on the right', es: 'Una novela árabe encuadernada por la derecha' }) }); offerPdf(() => renderToPdf(doc, { fontProvider: arabicPdfProvider, resourceBytes: imageBytes }), `${RECIPE}.pdf`);Kit · core, fonts, viewer, pdf, images, arabic, book: uguale in ogni ricetta · 455 righe
// ─── Kit ── helpers shared by every Cookbook recipe · postext.dev/cookbook ───── // ─── Kit · core v1 ── the same in every recipe · postext.dev/cookbook function mm(value) { return { value, unit: 'mm' }; } function pt(value) { return { value, unit: 'pt' }; } function em(value) { return { value, unit: 'em' }; } /** The sample language's string: t({ en: 'Figure', es: 'Figura' }). */ function t(strings) { return strings[LANG] ?? Object.values(strings)[0]; } /** A file in this recipe's assets folder, served from the Postext repo by jsDelivr. */ function asset(file) { return `https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/drnachio/postext@main/cookbook/${RECIPE}/assets/${file}`; } // ─── Kit · fonts v3 ── the same in every recipe · postext.dev/cookbook // Postext loads the faces a config asks for before layout (prepareFonts, // buildDocumentWithFonts) and asks the kit for the files: Fontsource's, the // files the PDF embeds too. /** The options of buildDocumentWithFonts / prepareFonts / withLoadedFonts: * the Fontsource resolver, and the faces of FONTS loaded with the ones the * config names. FONTS = { 'Family Name': ['400', '400i', '700'] }. */ function kitFonts(FONTS = {}) { const faces = Object.entries(FONTS).flatMap(([family, specs]) => specs.map((spec) => ({ family, weight: parseInt(spec, 10), style: spec.endsWith('i') ? 'italic' : 'normal' }))); return { resolve: fontsourceResolver, faces }; } /** A face's Fontsource files, in a fixed order: latin, then latin-ext and greek * when `text` needs them and the family ships them (kitSubsetsFor), each with * its unicode-range. Null for a weight or slant Fontsource does not ship. */ async function fontsourceResolver(family, weight, style, { text = '' } = {}) { const id = fontsourceId(family); const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family); if (meta && !(meta.weights.includes(weight) && meta.styles.includes(style))) return null; kitStatus('Loading fonts…'); const at = await fontsourceAt(id); return ['latin', ...kitSubsetsFor(text, meta)].map((subset) => ({ source: `${at}files/${id}-${subset}-${weight}-${style}.woff2`, unicodeRange: kitRanges()[subset], })); } /** The unicode-range of each Fontsource file the kit loads (a function: the * kit is inlined after the pen's code, which runs before a const would be set). */ function kitRanges() { return { latin: 'U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,' + 'U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD', 'latin-ext': 'U+0100-02BA,U+02BD-02C5,U+02C7-02CC,U+02CE-02D7,U+02DD-02FF,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,' + 'U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF', greek: 'U+0370-03FF', }; } /** For the cjk, arabic and comics blocks, which add their own files: the * faces of `faces` = { 'Family Name': ['400', '400i', '700'] }. `text` is the sample: * č ł † α χ also load latin-ext and greek files (kitSubsetsFor). With * `optional`, a face Fontsource does not ship is skipped instead of failing. * The files are added once all have loaded, in the order asked (latin, then * latin-ext, then greek), whatever order they arrive in: the last one added * wins a character two files hold. Resolves to the number of faces added. */ async function loadFonts(faces, text = '', { optional = false } = {}) { kitStatus('Loading fonts…'); const ranges = kitRanges(); const jobs = []; for (const [family, specs] of Object.entries(faces)) { const id = fontsourceId(family); const todo = [...new Set(specs)].map((spec) => [parseInt(spec, 10), spec.endsWith('i') ? 'italic' : 'normal']) .filter(([weight, style]) => !hasFace(family, weight, style)); // before any await const at = fontsourceAt(id); const meta = optional || /[^\0-ÿ]/u.test(text) ? await fontsourceMeta(family) : null; const subsets = ['latin', ...kitSubsetsFor(text, meta)]; for (const [weight, style] of todo) { if (optional && !(meta?.weights.includes(weight) && meta.styles.includes(style))) continue; for (const subset of subsets) { const url = `${await at}files/${id}-${subset}-${weight}-${style}.woff2`; const face = new FontFace(family, `url(${url}) format('woff2')`, { weight: String(weight), style, unicodeRange: ranges[subset] }); jobs.push(face.load().catch(() => { if (subset === 'latin' && !optional) throw new Error(`Fontsource has no ${family} ${weight} ${style}`); })); } } } const ready = await Promise.all(jobs).catch((error) => { kitFail(error); throw error; }); return ready.filter((face) => face && document.fonts.add(face)).length; } /** A loaded FontFace covers this family, weight and style (fonts.check() would * also say yes for families nobody declared). */ function hasFace(family, weight, style) { for (const face of document.fonts) { if (face.status !== 'loaded' || face.style !== style) continue; if (face.family.replace(/^["']|["']$/g, '') !== family) continue; const [low, high = low] = face.weight.split(' ').map(Number); if (weight >= low && weight <= high) return true; } return false; } /** The files beyond latin `text` needs that `meta`'s family ships. */ function kitSubsetsFor(text, meta) { return [[/[Ā-˿ᴀ-ᶿḀ-ỿ†ℓⱠ-Ɀ꜠-ꟿ]/u, 'latin-ext'], [/[Ͱ-Ͽ]/u, 'greek']] .filter(([re, x]) => re.test(text) && meta?.subsets?.includes(x)).map(([, x]) => x); } /** Fontsource's id for a family: 'Source Serif 4' → 'source-serif-4'. */ function fontsourceId(family) { return family.toLowerCase().replace(/\s+/g, '-'); } /** A package's folder at the one version @5 names now (#766). */ function fontsourceAt(id, u = `https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fontsource/${id}@`) { return (fontsourceAt.c ??= {})[id] ??= fetch(u + '5/package.json').then((r) => r.json()) .then((p) => p.version || 5, () => 5).then((v) => `${u}${v}/`); } /** The family's Fontsource metadata (weights, styles, subsets), or null. */ function fontsourceMeta(family) { fontsourceMeta.cache ??= new Map(); const id = fontsourceId(family); if (!fontsourceMeta.cache.has(id)) { fontsourceMeta.cache.set(id, fetch(`https://api.fontsource.org/v1/fonts/${id}`) .then((res) => (res.ok ? res.json() : null), () => null)); } return fontsourceMeta.cache.get(id); } // ─── Kit · viewer v2 ── the same in every recipe · postext.dev/cookbook /** The pages as spreads on a dark desk, page 1 alone, then verso | recto, * each painted when it scrolls near. Other options go to renderPageToCanvas. */ function showPages(docs, { title, width = 460, ...render } = {}) { const root = viewer(title); const pages = [docs].flat().flatMap((doc) => doc.pages.map((page) => ({ doc, page, n: (doc.pageIndexOffset ?? 0) + page.index }))); const spreads = []; let verso = null; for (const p of pages) { if (p.n % 2 === 1) { if (verso) spreads.push([verso, null]); verso = p; } else { spreads.push([verso, p]); verso = null; } } if (verso) spreads.push([verso, null]); const density = Math.min(window.devicePixelRatio || 1, 2); showPages.painter?.disconnect(); const painter = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => { for (const { isIntersecting, target } of entries) { if (!isIntersecting) continue; painter.unobserve(target); const { doc, page } = target.postext; renderPageToCanvas(page, doc, target, { ...render, scale: (width * density) / page.width }); } }, { rootMargin: '800px' }); showPages.painter = painter; root.replaceChildren(...spreads.map((pair) => { const spread = document.createElement('div'); spread.className = 'pt-spread'; for (const p of pair) { const figure = document.createElement('figure'); if (p) { const label = p.page.pageLabel || String(p.n + 1); const canvas = document.createElement('canvas'); canvas.postext = p; canvas.style.aspectRatio = `${p.page.width} / ${p.page.height}`; canvas.setAttribute('role', 'img'); canvas.setAttribute('aria-label', `Page ${label}`); const folio = document.createElement('figcaption'); folio.textContent = label; figure.append(canvas, folio); painter.observe(canvas); } else figure.className = 'pt-blank'; spread.append(figure); } return spread; })); kitStatus(`${pages.length} ${pages.length === 1 ? 'page' : 'pages'}`); document.documentElement.dataset.postext = 'ready'; return pages.length; } /** The desk, the bar and the error reporting, created once. */ function viewer(title) { if (!document.getElementById('pt-kit')) { document.head.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', `<style id="pt-kit"> :root { color-scheme: dark; } body { margin: 0; background: #0e1014; color: #b9bcc4; font: 13px/1.45 system-ui, sans-serif; } #pt-bar { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 1; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 6px 16px; padding: 10px 16px; background: rgb(14 16 20 / .92); backdrop-filter: blur(6px); border-bottom: 1px solid #23262d; } #pt-bar strong { color: #f4f1ea; font-weight: 600; } #pt-actions { display: flex; gap: 12px; margin-left: auto; } #pt-actions a, #pt-actions button { color: #d8a21a; font: inherit; background: none; border: 0; padding: 0; cursor: pointer; } #pages { display: grid; justify-items: center; gap: 48px; padding: 32px 16px 72px; } .pt-spread { display: flex; } .pt-spread figure { margin: 0; width: min(460px, 44vw); } .pt-spread canvas { display: block; width: 100%; background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / .5), 0 22px 44px -16px rgb(0 0 0 / .8); } .pt-spread figure:first-child canvas { box-shadow: inset -14px 0 14px -14px rgb(0 0 0 / .18), 0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / .5), 0 22px 44px -16px rgb(0 0 0 / .8); } .pt-spread figcaption { margin-top: 10px; text-align: center; font: 600 10px/1 system-ui, sans-serif; letter-spacing: .18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #6c7079; } .pt-blank { visibility: hidden; } @media (max-width: 760px) { .pt-spread { flex-direction: column; gap: 32px; } .pt-spread figure { width: min(460px, 92vw); } .pt-blank { display: none; } } </style>`); document.body.insertAdjacentHTML('afterbegin', '<header id="pt-bar"><strong id="pt-title"></strong><span id="pt-status" role="status"></span><span id="pt-actions"></span></header>'); document.getElementById('pt-title').textContent = document.title || 'Postext'; addEventListener('error', (event) => kitFail(event.error ?? event.message)); addEventListener('unhandledrejection', (event) => kitFail(event.reason)); } if (title) document.getElementById('pt-title').textContent = title; return document.getElementById('pages') ?? document.body.appendChild(Object.assign(document.createElement('main'), { id: 'pages' })); } function kitStatus(text) { viewer(); document.getElementById('pt-status').textContent = text; } function kitFail(error) { document.documentElement.dataset.postext = 'error'; kitStatus(`Error: ${error?.message ?? error}`); } // ─── Kit · pdf v3 ── the same in every recipe that exports a PDF /** The Fontsource files the screen used, as TrueType, with their range and * place: the nearest weight the family ships, upright with no italic; * latin, then what its letters need (kitSubsetsFor). */ async function fontsourceProvider(family, weight, style, request) { const id = fontsourceId(family); const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family); const weights = meta?.weights?.length ? meta.weights : [400, 700]; const w = weights.reduce((a, b) => (Math.abs(b - weight) < Math.abs(a - weight) ? b : a)); const s = style === 'italic' && meta && !meta.styles.includes('italic') ? 'normal' : style; const text = String.fromCodePoint(...(request?.codePoints ?? [])); const files = await Promise.all(['latin', ...kitSubsetsFor(text, meta)].map(async (subset, order) => { const res = await fetch(`${await fontsourceAt(id)}files/${id}-${subset}-${w}-${s}.woff2`); if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Fontsource has no ${family} ${w} ${s} ${subset}`); return Object.assign(await decompressWoff2(new Uint8Array(await res.arrayBuffer())), { unicodeRange: kitRanges()[subset], order }); })); return files.length === 1 ? files[0] : files; } /** A "Build the PDF" button; then "Open the PDF" (a new tab: CodePen's frame * shows no PDFs) and a download link. */ function offerPdf(makePdf, filename) { viewer(); const button = Object.assign(document.createElement('button'), { type: 'button', textContent: 'Build the PDF' }); button.dataset.postextPdf = filename; button.addEventListener('click', async () => { button.disabled = true; button.textContent = 'Building the PDF…'; try { const bytes = await makePdf(); const url = URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([bytes], { type: 'application/pdf' })); const size = `${Math.max(1, Math.round(bytes.length / 1024))} KB`; button.replaceWith( Object.assign(document.createElement('a'), { href: url, target: '_blank', rel: 'noopener', textContent: 'Open the PDF ↗' }), Object.assign(document.createElement('a'), { href: url, download: filename, textContent: `Download ${filename} · ${size}` })); } catch (error) { button.disabled = false; button.textContent = 'Build the PDF'; kitFail(error); } }); document.getElementById('pt-actions').append(button); } // ─── Kit · images v3 ── recipes with pictures · postext.dev/cookbook /** Registers a photo or PNG for the canvas and keeps its bytes for the PDF. * fetch → ImageBitmap never taints the canvas (a plain cross-origin <img> would). */ async function loadImage(fileId, url) { const res = await fetch(url); if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Image not found (${res.status}): ${url}`); const bytes = new Uint8Array(await res.arrayBuffer()); registerResourceImage(fileId, await createImageBitmap(new Blob([bytes]))); (loadImage.bytes ??= new Map()).set(fileId, bytes); } /** Registers SVG markup as a vector image, its fonts inside (inlineSvgFonts, ≥ 1.25). * `options` go to registerResourceImage: { singleInk: true } tints it on the canvas. */ async function loadSvg(fileId, svg, options) { if (typeof inlineSvgFonts === 'function') svg = await inlineSvgFonts(svg, svgFaces); const img = new Image(); img.src = `data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,${encodeURIComponent(svg)}`; await img.decode(); registerResourceImage(fileId, img, options); (loadImage.bytes ??= new Map()).set(fileId, new TextEncoder().encode(svg)); } /** A face's Fontsource files: nearest weight; latin + what the SVG sets. */ async function svgFaces(family, weight, style, { codePoints = [] } = {}) { const [id, m] = [fontsourceId(family), await fontsourceMeta(family)]; const w = m?.weights.reduce((a, b) => (Math.abs(b - weight) < Math.abs(a - weight) ? b : a)) ?? weight; const s = m?.styles.includes(style) === false ? 'normal' : style; return Promise.all(['latin', ...kitSubsetsFor(String.fromCodePoint(...codePoints), m)].map(async (x) => new Uint8Array( await (await fetch(`${await fontsourceAt(id)}files/${id}-${x}-${w}-${s}.woff2`)).arrayBuffer()))); } /** renderToPdf({ resourceBytes: imageBytes }) */ function imageBytes(fileId) { return loadImage.bytes?.get(fileId); } /** renderToHtml({ resourceImageUrl: imageUrl }) */ function imageUrl(fileId) { const bytes = imageBytes(fileId); if (!bytes) return undefined; imageUrl.urls ??= new Map(); if (!imageUrl.urls.has(fileId)) { const type = /\.svg$/i.test(fileId) ? 'image/svg+xml' : /\.png$/i.test(fileId) ? 'image/png' : 'image/jpeg'; imageUrl.urls.set(fileId, URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([bytes], { type }))); } return imageUrl.urls.get(fileId); } // ─── Kit · arabic v2 ── Arabic-script faces · postext.dev/cookbook // Fontsource ships an Arabic family as one file per subset and weight: the // `arabic` file holds the letters, the harakat, the Arabic-Indic digits, the // Arabic punctuation and the presentation forms; `latin` and `latin-ext` // hold the rest. loadFonts loads the latin files; this block adds the arabic // file of every Arabic family, for the canvas and for the PDF, which shapes // the letters with HarfBuzz from the same bytes. /** The code points of Fontsource's `arabic` subset, as its stylesheets * declare them (the same unicode-range the browser picks the file by). A * function, not a const: the kit is inlined after the recipe's top-level * awaits, and a const read before its line throws, where a function * declaration is hoisted. */ function arabicRange() { return 'U+0600-06FF,U+0750-077F,U+0870-088E,U+0890-0891,U+0897-08E1,U+08E3-08FF,' + 'U+200C-200E,U+2010-2011,U+204F,U+2E41,U+FB50-FDFF,U+FE70-FE74,U+FE76-FEFC,U+102E0-102FB,' + 'U+10E60-10E7E,U+10EC2-10EC4,U+10EFC-10EFF,U+1EE00-1EEFF'; } /** Whether code point `cp` is in the arabic file. */ function inArabicRange(cp) { inArabicRange.ranges ??= arabicRange().split(',').map((part) => { const [lo, hi = lo] = part.slice(2).split('-'); return [parseInt(lo, 16), parseInt(hi, 16)]; }); return inArabicRange.ranges.some(([lo, hi]) => cp >= lo && cp <= hi); } /** Whether Fontsource serves `family` with an `arabic` subset. Fails when * the API does not answer: an Arabic face taken for a Latin one would set * its letters in a system face. */ async function isArabicFamily(family) { const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family); if (!meta) throw new Error(`api.fontsource.org did not describe ${family}: reload to try again`); return !!meta.subsets?.includes('arabic'); } /** The arabic file of a face. */ async function arabicFileUrl(family, weight, style) { const id = fontsourceId(family); return `${await fontsourceAt(id)}files/${id}-arabic-${weight}-${style}.woff2`; } /** faces = { Amiri: ['400', '700'] }, as for loadFonts, after it: the whole * FONTS object may be passed, its families without an arabic subset are * left alone. Adds the arabic file of every listed weight of each Arabic * family (the latin files come from loadFonts) and loads it. `text` is * the sample: fails when it holds an Arabic-script character the arabic * file does not cover. List every weight the pages set in Arabic: a weight * left to the engine's later round gets the latin file only, and its Arabic letters * fall back to a system face. Resolves to the number of files loaded. */ async function loadArabicFonts(faces, text = '') { kitStatus('Loading fonts…'); let loaded = 0; try { const outside = [...new Set(text)].filter((ch) => /\p{Script=Arabic}/u.test(ch) && !inArabicRange(ch.codePointAt(0))); if (outside.length) throw new Error(`Fontsource's arabic files have no ${outside.slice(0, 12).join(' ')}`); for (const [family, specs] of Object.entries(faces)) { if (!(await isArabicFamily(family))) continue; for (const spec of new Set(specs)) { const weight = parseInt(spec, 10); const style = spec.endsWith('i') ? 'italic' : 'normal'; const face = new FontFace(family, `url(${await arabicFileUrl(family, weight, style)}) format('woff2')`, { weight: String(weight), style, unicodeRange: arabicRange() }); document.fonts.add(await face.load().catch(() => { throw new Error(`Fontsource has no arabic file for ${family} ${weight} ${style}`); })); loaded++; } } } catch (error) { kitFail(error); throw error; } return loaded; } /** The PDF font provider for recipes with Arabic faces: a family with an * arabic subset gets its arabic file when its pages set Arabic letters * (`request.codePoints`), then its latin file, and its latin-ext file for * the letters beyond latin (transliteration: ā ḥ ʿ), each marked with its * unicode-range and its place in the order the screen added them (latin * and latin-ext by loadFonts, then arabic): the arabic file also has a * space and brackets, which the browser takes from latin, the file whose * range holds them, and postext-pdf follows it. Any other family goes to * fontsourceProvider (the "pdf" block). */ async function arabicPdfProvider(family, weight, style, request) { if (!(await isArabicFamily(family))) return fontsourceProvider(family, weight, style, request); const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family); const weights = meta.weights?.length ? meta.weights : [400, 700]; const w = weights.reduce((a, b) => (Math.abs(b - weight) < Math.abs(a - weight) ? b : a)); const s = style === 'italic' && !meta.styles.includes('italic') ? 'normal' : style; const wanted = [...(request?.codePoints ?? [])]; const id = fontsourceId(family); const subsets = !wanted.length || wanted.some(inArabicRange) ? ['arabic', 'latin'] : ['latin']; if (meta.subsets.includes('latin-ext') && wanted.some((cp) => /[Ā-˿Ḁ-ỿ]/u.test(String.fromCodePoint(cp)))) { subsets.push('latin-ext'); } const at = await fontsourceAt(id); return Promise.all(subsets.map(async (subset) => { const url = `${at}files/${id}-${subset}-${w}-${s}.woff2`; const res = await fetch(url); if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Fontsource file ${url} (${res.status})`); const bytes = await decompressWoff2(new Uint8Array(await res.arrayBuffer())); return Object.assign(bytes, { unicodeRange: subset === 'arabic' ? arabicRange() : kitRanges()[subset], order: ['latin', 'latin-ext', 'greek', 'arabic'].indexOf(subset) }); })); } // ─── Kit · book v1 ── books bound on either edge · postext.dev/cookbook // A book bound on the right (Arabic, Hebrew or Persian text, vertical // Chinese, or page.binding 'right') opens from what a Latin reader calls // the back: page 1 lies alone on the left of the spine, then [3 | 2]. /** showPages for a book bound on either edge. A right-bound book (the * document says so: doc.binding is 'right' for page.binding 'right', for * text that runs right to left and for vertical text, when the binding is * left to 'auto') lies on the desk as it opens: page 1 alone on the left * of the spine, then [3 | 2], the spine shade on each page's inner edge. * `binding` ('left' | 'right') overrides the document's. */ function showBook(docs, { binding, ...options } = {}) { const count = showPages(docs, options); const right = (binding ?? [docs].flat()[0]?.binding) === 'right'; if (!document.getElementById('pt-kit-book')) { // The pages keep direction ltr, as in a left-bound book: a canvas takes // the direction its element inherits, and under the spread's rtl a run // painted for an ltr canvas would end where the engine starts it. document.head.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', `<style id="pt-kit-book"> .pt-spread[dir="rtl"] canvas { direction: ltr; } .pt-spread[dir="rtl"] figure:first-child canvas { box-shadow: inset 14px 0 14px -14px rgb(0 0 0 / .18), 0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / .5), 0 22px 44px -16px rgb(0 0 0 / .8); } </style>`); } // Each pair stays [verso, recto] in the page; right to left, the verso // sits on the right. Phones stack the pages in reading order either way. for (const spread of document.querySelectorAll('#pages > .pt-spread')) spread.dir = right ? 'rtl' : 'ltr'; document.getElementById('pages').dataset.binding = right ? 'right' : 'left'; return count; } // ─── /Kit ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Lo script.js composto funziona così com’è: incollalo nello script modulo di qualsiasi pagina, oppure apri la ricetta su CodePen. Cartella della ricetta su GitHub ↗ (si apre in una nuova scheda)
Varianti
#Stampa cifre europee
Un’edizione del Maghreb stampa 1, 2, 3; locale: 'ar-MA' lo fa da solo, e l’edizione del Maghreb mostra il libro intero.
- locale: 'ar', // written out, never LANG (gotcha: arabic-locale-tag)
+ locale: 'ar', numerals: 'latn',#Giustifica solo con gli spazi
Alcuni editori tengono il tatweel fuori dal testo corrente: gli spazi assorbono tutta la differenza.
textAlign: 'justify', optimalLineBreaking: true,
+ kashida: 'none',Errori frequenti
Errore frequente
Assegna a un libro arabo il tag 'ar', non LANG
Le edizioni di una ricetta sono en ed es, ma un esempio arabo è arabo in entrambe: `locale: LANG` lo comporrebbe da sinistra a destra, lo rilegherebbe a sinistra, numererebbe le pagine 1 2 3 e darebbe alle figure didascalie Figure o Figura. Da postext 1.30 il tag è anche la lingua usata per lo shaping del testo (misura, disegno e incorporamento), quindi con un tag inglese o spagnolo un carattere come Markazi Text non disegna le forme arabe delle sue virgolette basse e dei suoi segni di interpunzione, e le righe vanno a capo altrove. Scrivi tu il tag: 'ar' (cifre arabo-indiane, la convenzione del Mashriq), una regione come 'ar-EG' o 'ar-SA', oppure 'ar-MA', 'ar-DZ' o 'ar-TN' per un’edizione del Maghreb con cifre europee. Una pagina latina che si limita a citare l’arabo mantiene la propria lingua. Testo da destra a sinistra →
Errore frequente
I caratteri arabi hanno bisogno del loro file arabic, tramite il blocco arabic
Fontsource serve Amiri, Noto Naskh Arabic o Scheherazade New come un file per sottoinsieme, e le lettere arabe stanno nel file arabic. loadFonts scarica solo latin (e latin-ext), così a schermo l’arabo viene da un font di sistema ed è misurato male, e fontsourceProvider passa al PDF quel file latin, che stampa riquadri vuoti. Elenca il blocco arabic del kit, chiama loadArabicFonts(FONTS, markdown) dopo loadFonts, con ogni peso che le pagine compongono in arabo elencato in FONTS, e passa a renderToPdf fontProvider: arabicPdfProvider. Font arabi →
Errore frequente
Un libro rilegato a destra mostra le doppie pagine con showBook
In un libro rilegato a destra (testo arabo, ebraico o persiano, cinese verticale, o page.binding 'right') la pagina 1 resta il recto, ma sta a sinistra del dorso, e le coppie si leggono [3 | 2]. showPages dispone ogni libro come rilegato a sinistra; showBook del blocco book (il blocco cjk porta la stessa funzione) legge doc.binding e rispecchia le coppie. capture.hero indica comunque una doppia pagina in ordine di lettura, [verso, recto]: [2, 3]. Libri rilegati a destra →
Errore frequente
Uno stile di titolo eredita l’interruzione di pagina del suo livello
Una voce di headingStyles prende dal suo livello di titolo ogni campo che omette, breakBefore compreso. Un indice o un colophon con lo stile di un H1 dopo un :::pagebreak eredita parity 'odd' e finisce dietro una pagina bianca. Dai a uno stile del genere breakBefore: { enabled: false }. Stili di titolo →
- Un colophon in inglese o in spagnolo alla fine di un libro arabo richiede
{dir=ltr}sul suo blocco: senza, la riga latina viene allineata e punteggiata come un paragrafo da destra a sinistra, con il punto finale a sinistra.
Crediti
- Ricetta
- Ignacio Ferro
- Testo
- The opening of a novel, حروف من رصاص (Letters of Lead), written in Arabic for the recipe; its author and its people are invented · Postext Cookbook · originale
- Font
- Markazi Text (SIL OFL 1.1) · Reem Kufi (SIL OFL 1.1) · Noto Kufi Arabic (SIL OFL 1.1)
- Codice
- MIT, come Postext
Modifica questo testo ↗ (si apre in una nuova scheda)Cartella della ricetta su GitHub ↗ (si apre in una nuova scheda)


