Em poucas palavras

Duas páginas de um quadrinho japonês. As páginas em japonês trazem o texto de cima para baixo em colunas estreitas; as outras edições mantêm a ordem japonesa dos quadros, começando no alto à direita.

O que você vai compor

As duas páginas de abertura de um mangá de kendô, 前の晩 (A noite anterior), escrito para a receita e desenhado em preto e branco: Hana treina sozinha na véspera do torneio da província, Sora lhe leva um amuleto do santuário e o técnico manda os dois para casa. Primeiro vem o original japonês, letreirado como numa revista semanal: letra antiga (kana num corte Mincho, kanji num corte Gothic), balões mais altos que largos, nenhum ponto final no fim de um balão. Na frente, as mesmas duas páginas no idioma desta página (em inglês na página japonesa), ainda lidas a partir do quadro do alto à direita, como o mangá licenciado é publicado desde o começo dos anos 2000. O formato é B6, 128 × 182 mm, o tamanho do tankōbon.

Esta receita responde a

Como faço para diagramar um mangá que se lê da direita para a esquerda?
Como faço para letrear japonês na vertical dentro dos balões?

A resposta curta

script.js · linhas 44–60no código completo

const comics = (lang) => ({
  // The pages were drawn for right-to-left reading: panel 1 sits top right. The
  // reading direction stays 'auto', which follows the art in a left-to-right
  // language too: the English page keeps the Japanese panel order.
  artDirection: 'rtl',
  mirrorArt: false, // never flop the art: Hana's grip on the sword, the kimono's fold
  gutter: { horizontal: mm(4.5), vertical: mm(2) }, // a tier gap twice the panel gap
  panel: { borderWidth: pt(0.9), borderColor: col('ink'), background: col('paper') },
  lettering: {
    fontFamily: EDITIONS[lang].faces[0], color: col('ink'),
    fontSize: pt(['ja', 'zh'].includes(lang) ? 8.5 : 7.5), // one size per edition
    // 'auto' sets Japanese in columns of 8 characters at most and drops the final 。.
    // Chinese goes in columns too: a book bound on the right never mixes the two.
    writingMode: lang === 'zh' ? 'vertical' : 'auto',
  },
  balloonStyles: balloons(),
});

Ingredientes

Funcionalidades: Sentido de leitura e ordem do mangá Letreiramento de quadrinhos Letreiramento em outros idiomas Texto vertical Fontes chinesas, japonesas e coreanas Livros encadernados pela direita Divisão em quadros Arte e enquadramento do quadro Personagens e âncoras Páginas de quadrinhos Estilos de balão Onomatopeias Paleta de cores semântica Páginas em um canvas Exportação para PDF
Também usa: Quebra de linha em chinês Bordas e sarjetas dos quadros Furigana: leituras em kana sobre os kanji Cor do papel Fontes incorporadas ao PDF Figuras e tabelas como recursos Rubi: leituras em pinyin e zhuyin Números em pé no texto vertical
Tipografia: Zen Antique, Dela Gothic One, Comic Neue, Bangers, Noto Sans SC, ZCOOL KuaiLe, Playpen Sans Arabic, Lalezar (SIL OFL 1.1)
Materiais: kendo-charm.jpg
kendo-closeup.jpg
kendo-coach.jpg
kendo-dojo.jpg
kendo-doorway.jpg
kendo-kneel.jpg
kendo-roof.jpg
kendo-smile.jpg
kendo-swing.jpg
The school's old wooden kendo dojo at dusk, its doors open and lit (Generated With Diffusion Models, original)
Hana alone in the dojo, swinging her bamboo sword overhead (Generated With Diffusion Models, original)
Sora peeking round the sliding door with a shrine charm (Generated With Diffusion Models, original)
Close-up of Hana's sweating face (Generated With Diffusion Models, original)
Sora holding out the charm to Hana (Generated With Diffusion Models, original)
Coach Mori in the doorway, backlit, arms crossed (Generated With Diffusion Models, original)
Close-up of Coach Mori's small smile (Generated With Diffusion Models, original)
Hana tying the charm to her armour while Sora scratches his head (Generated With Diffusion Models, original)
Hana and Sora on the school roof at sunset, seen from behind (Generated With Diffusion Models, original)
API: buildDocumentclearMeasurementCachedecompressWoff2registerResourceImagerenderPageToCanvasrenderToPdf

Preparo

#1 · Ler no sentido em que o desenho foi feito

O código é a resposta curta acima. Um mangaká compõe cada página a partir do alto à direita: o primeiro quadro, o primeiro personagem que fala e o percurso do olhar por uma fileira começam ali. artDirection: 'rtl' informa isso ao motor, e com o sentido de leitura em 'auto' todas as edições seguem o desenho; uma edição árabe seria lida da direita para a esquerda de qualquer forma. O desenho nunca é espelhado. As editoras ocidentais espelhavam o mangá até mais ou menos 2002, e os leitores viam todo espadachim virar canhoto e todo quimono se cruzar ao contrário; deixar as páginas como foram desenhadas custa ao leitor um hábito, enquanto espelhá-las custa o desenho. Cada :::page traz a sua divisão, 30 / 34 [46 | *] / * [44 | *], e a primeira célula de cada fileira é posta à direita (sentido de leitura).

#2 · Marcar cada personagem uma vez, sobre o desenho

script.js · linhas 235–355no código completo

const ART = { // fractions of the picture: the same in every language
  dojo: {
    alt: t({ en: 'The old wooden kendo dojo at dusk, its doors open and lit.',
      es: 'El viejo dojo de madera al anochecer, con las puertas abiertas e iluminadas.',
      ca: 'L’antic dojo de fusta al capvespre, amb les portes obertes i il·luminades.',
      pt: 'O velho dojô de madeira ao anoitecer, com as portas abertas e iluminadas.',
      zh: '黄昏时分的老木造剑道场，门敞开着，里面亮着灯。',
      ar: 'قاعة الكندو الخشبية القديمة عند الغسق، أبوابها مفتوحة ومضاءة.',
      ja: '夕暮れの古い木造の剣道場。戸が開いて、中に明かりがともっている。' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.45, y: 0.32, width: 0.5, height: 0.51 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'dojo', x: 0.66, y: 0.63 }] },
  swing: {
    alt: t({ en: 'Hana, alone in the dojo, swings her bamboo sword overhead.',
      es: 'Hana, sola en el dojo, alza la espada de bambú sobre la cabeza.',
      ca: 'La Hana, sola al dojo, aixeca l’espasa de bambú per sobre del cap.',
      pt: 'Hana, sozinha no dojô, ergue a espada de bambu acima da cabeça.',
      zh: '花独自在道场里，把竹剑高举过头。',
      ar: 'هانا وحدها في القاعة ترفع سيف الخيزران فوق رأسها.',
      ja: 'ひとり道場で、竹刀を頭上に振りかぶる花。' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.36, y: 0, width: 0.31, height: 0.5 },
  avoid: [{ x: 0.43, y: 0, width: 0.17, height: 0.12 }],
  anchors: [{ id: 'hana', x: 0.535, y: 0.28, head: { x: 0.53, y: 0.22 },
    face: { x: 0.49, y: 0.14, width: 0.11, height: 0.17 } }] },
  doorway: {
    alt: t({ en: 'Sora peeks round the sliding door, holding a shrine charm.',
      es: 'Sora se asoma por la puerta corredera con un amuleto en la mano.',
      ca: 'En Sora treu el cap per la porta corredissa amb un amulet a la mà.',
      pt: 'Sora espia pela porta de correr com um amuleto na mão.',
      zh: '空从拉门后探出头，手里攥着护身符。',
      ar: 'سورا يطلّ من وراء الباب المنزلق وفي يده تميمة.',
      ja: 'お守りを手に、引き戸の陰からのぞく空。' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.37, y: 0.09, width: 0.34, height: 0.5 },
  avoid: [{ x: 0.49, y: 0.41, width: 0.08, height: 0.1 }],
  anchors: [{ id: 'sora', x: 0.545, y: 0.31, head: { x: 0.55, y: 0.22 },
    face: { x: 0.47, y: 0.16, width: 0.2, height: 0.18 } }] },
  closeup: {
    alt: t({ en: "Close-up of Hana's sweating, startled face.",
      es: 'Primer plano del rostro sudoroso y sobresaltado de Hana.',
      ca: 'Primer pla de la cara suada i sobresaltada de la Hana.',
      pt: 'Primeiro plano do rosto suado e assustado de Hana.',
      zh: '花满脸是汗、吃了一惊的特写。',
      ar: 'لقطة قريبة لوجه هانا المتعرّق المذعور.',
      ja: '汗をかき、はっとした花の顔のアップ。' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.27, y: 0.28, width: 0.43, height: 0.51 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'hana', x: 0.475, y: 0.665, head: { x: 0.45, y: 0.35 },
    face: { x: 0.3, y: 0.3, width: 0.4, height: 0.45 } }] },
  charm: {
    alt: t({ en: 'Sora holds out the charm; Hana looks at it, sword on her shoulder.',
      es: 'Sora le tiende el amuleto; Hana lo mira con la espada al hombro.',
      ca: 'En Sora li allarga l’amulet; la Hana el mira amb l’espasa a l’espatlla.',
      pt: 'Sora estende o amuleto; Hana olha para ele com a espada no ombro.',
      zh: '空递出护身符，花扛着竹剑看着它。',
      ar: 'سورا يمدّ التميمة، وهانا تنظر إليها والسيف على كتفها.',
      ja: '空がお守りを差し出し、竹刀を肩にかついだ花がそれを見る。' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.21, y: 0.09, width: 0.56, height: 0.53 },
  avoid: [{ x: 0.43, y: 0.47, width: 0.06, height: 0.09 }],
  anchors: [{ id: 'sora', x: 0.325, y: 0.335, head: { x: 0.29, y: 0.22 },
    face: { x: 0.26, y: 0.17, width: 0.11, height: 0.2 } },
  { id: 'hana', x: 0.675, y: 0.335, head: { x: 0.665, y: 0.22 },
    face: { x: 0.62, y: 0.17, width: 0.11, height: 0.2 } }] },
  coach: {
    alt: t({ en: 'Coach Mori in the doorway, backlit, arms crossed.',
      es: 'El entrenador Mori en la puerta, a contraluz, de brazos cruzados.',
      ca: 'L’entrenador Mori a la porta, a contrallum, de braços plegats.',
      pt: 'O treinador Mori na porta, contra a luz, de braços cruzados.',
      zh: '森老师站在门口，背着光，双臂抱在胸前。',
      ar: 'المدرّب موري عند الباب، والضوء خلفه، عاقدًا ذراعيه.',
      ja: '逆光の戸口で腕を組んで立つ森先生。' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.33, y: 0.13, width: 0.3, height: 0.32 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'mori', x: 0.425, y: 0.215, head: { x: 0.42, y: 0.17 },
    face: { x: 0.37, y: 0.13, width: 0.1, height: 0.11 } }] },
  smile: {
    alt: t({ en: "Close-up of Mori's stern face breaking into a small smile.",
      es: 'Primer plano del rostro severo de Mori, que esboza una sonrisa.',
      ca: 'Primer pla de la cara severa d’en Mori, que esbossa un somriure.',
      pt: 'Primeiro plano do rosto severo de Mori, que esboça um sorriso.',
      zh: '森老师严肃的脸上露出一丝笑意的特写。',
      ar: 'لقطة قريبة لوجه موري الصارم وقد ارتسمت عليه ابتسامة.',
      ja: '厳しい顔がふっとゆるむ森先生のアップ。' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.43, y: 0.21, width: 0.51, height: 0.53 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'mori', x: 0.69, y: 0.52, head: { x: 0.6, y: 0.25 },
    face: { x: 0.45, y: 0.28, width: 0.45, height: 0.32 } }] },
  kneel: {
    alt: t({ en: 'Kneeling, Hana ties the charm to her armour; Sora scratches his head.',
      es: 'De rodillas, Hana se ata el amuleto a la armadura; Sora se rasca la cabeza.',
      ca: 'De genolls, la Hana es lliga l’amulet a l’armadura; en Sora es grata el cap.',
      pt: 'De joelhos, Hana amarra o amuleto na armadura; Sora coça a cabeça.',
      zh: '花跪坐着把护身符系在护具上，空挠着头。',
      ar: 'هانا جاثية تربط التميمة بدرعها، وسورا يحكّ رأسه.',
      ja: '正座してお守りを防具に結ぶ花と、頭をかく空。' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.21, y: 0.08, width: 0.61, height: 0.48 },
  avoid: [{ x: 0.27, y: 0.43, width: 0.06, height: 0.12 }],
  anchors: [{ id: 'hana', x: 0.305, y: 0.245, head: { x: 0.3, y: 0.17 },
    face: { x: 0.25, y: 0.1, width: 0.11, height: 0.17 } },
  { id: 'sora', x: 0.7, y: 0.25, head: { x: 0.71, y: 0.15 },
    face: { x: 0.64, y: 0.1, width: 0.13, height: 0.18 } }] },
  roof: {
    alt: t({ en: 'Seen from behind, Hana and Sora sit on the school roof at sunset.',
      es: 'De espaldas, Hana y Sora sentados en la azotea del instituto al atardecer.',
      ca: 'D’esquena, la Hana i en Sora asseguts al terrat de l’institut a la posta.',
      pt: 'De costas, Hana e Sora sentados no terraço da escola ao pôr do sol.',
      zh: '夕阳下，花和空坐在学校楼顶的背影。',
      ar: 'هانا وسورا جالسان على سطح المدرسة عند الغروب، من الخلف.',
      ja: '夕焼けの屋上に並んで座る花と空の後ろ姿。' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.24, y: 0.41, width: 0.47, height: 0.31 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'hana', x: 0.36, y: 0.52, head: { x: 0.36, y: 0.48 },
    face: { x: 0.31, y: 0.43, width: 0.11, height: 0.14 } },
  { id: 'sora', x: 0.63, y: 0.52, head: { x: 0.625, y: 0.47 },
    face: { x: 0.58, y: 0.41, width: 0.1, height: 0.15 } }] },
};
const panels = () => Promise.all([
  comicPanel('dojo', asset('kendo-dojo.jpg'), ART.dojo),
  comicPanel('swing', asset('kendo-swing.jpg'), ART.swing),
  comicPanel('doorway', asset('kendo-doorway.jpg'), ART.doorway),
  comicPanel('closeup', asset('kendo-closeup.jpg'), ART.closeup),
  comicPanel('charm', asset('kendo-charm.jpg'), ART.charm),
  comicPanel('coach', asset('kendo-coach.jpg'), ART.coach),
  comicPanel('smile', asset('kendo-smile.jpg'), ART.smile),
  comicPanel('kneel', asset('kendo-kneel.jpg'), ART.kneel),
  comicPanel('roof', asset('kendo-roof.jpg'), ART.roof),
]);

As palavras mudam com o idioma; o desenho, não. Cada imagem de quadro tem uma área segura que todo recorte preserva e, para cada personagem, uma boca (para onde aponta o rabicho da fala), uma cabeça (para os balões de pensamento) e um rosto que nenhum balão pode cobrir, tudo em frações da imagem. Uma linha do roteiro indica quem fala, sora: …, e o motor põe o balão perto desse personagem em qualquer idioma. Quem fala sem estar na imagem, como Sora quando o técnico aparece na porta, recebe um rabicho até a borda do quadro: sora{tail=bottom}.

#3 · Dar a cada idioma os seus balões

script.js · linhas 64–71no código completo

const balloons = () => [
  { id: 'speech', fill: col('paper'), stroke: col('ink'), strokeWidth: pt(0.6), roundness: 2 },
  { id: 'whisper', fill: col('paper'), stroke: col('ink'), roundness: 2 },
  { id: 'thought', fill: col('paper'), stroke: col('ink') },
  { id: 'inner', fill: col('tone'), stroke: col('tone'), strokeWidth: pt(0), italic: false },
  { id: 'caption', fill: col('paper'), stroke: col('ink'), strokeWidth: pt(0.5) },
  { id: 'sfx', color: col('ink'), haloColor: col('paper') },
];

Os estilos dizem que tipo de voz um balão carrega: um oval simples para a fala, um contorno tracejado para o sussurro, uma nuvem para o pensamento, uma caixa cinza para a voz interior de Hana. Como as palavras se acomodam dentro é assunto de cada edição. Em japonês o motor compõe colunas de no máximo oito caracteres, tira o 。 que fecha um balão e mantém o 、, põe de pé num só quadratim os dois algarismos de 第42回 (:tcy[42]) e junta !? lado a lado numa única célula. O roteiro dá a leitura de cada nome na primeira vez que ele aparece, {一ノ瀬|いちのせ}, como o mangá imprime furigana sobre os nomes. Em português, os mesmos balões viram ovais em volta de linhas horizontais, e a ordem deles continua começando pela direita.

#4 · Carregar as fontes de cada edição com as suas palavras

script.js · linhas 359–371no código completo

const SFX = /^sfx[^:：\n]*[:：](.*)$/gm; // sound-effect lines: the second face sets them
async function loadEdition(lang) {
  const text = TEXT[lang];
  const [face, sfx] = EDITIONS[lang].faces;
  const faces = { [face]: FONTS[face], [sfx]: FONTS[sfx] };
  if (['ja', 'zh'].includes(lang)) { // CJK: only the files that hold these characters
    const effects = [...text.matchAll(SFX)].map((m) => m[1]).join('');
    await loadCjkFonts({ [face]: FONTS[face] }, text.replace(SFX, ''), { vertical: true });
    await loadCjkFonts({ [sfx]: FONTS[sfx] }, effects, { vertical: true });
  }
  if (lang === 'ar') await loadArabicFonts(faces, text);
  await loadComicFonts(faces, text); // the bold and italic the faces do not ship
}

A Zen Antique e a Dela Gothic One vêm em cerca de cem arquivos cada uma, um por faixa de caracteres: cada fonte é carregada com as palavras que compõe, os balões no caso da primeira e as onomatopeias no da segunda, e assim a página baixa só os arquivos de que precisa. loadComicFonts declara o negrito de um grito e o itálico de uma voz interior a partir dos arquivos que essas fontes de fato têm, então a tela e o PDF desenham as mesmas letras.

#5 · Pôr o original ao lado de cada edição

script.js · linhas 376–385no código completo

const FACING = LANG === 'ja' ? 'en' : LANG; // Japanese readers see the English edition
const TEXT = { ja: original, [FACING]: LANG === 'ja' ? english : markdown };
await loadFonts(FONTS, Object.values(TEXT).join('\n'));
const resources = await panels();
const build = async (lang) => { // the same pictures and page; this language's lettering
  await loadEdition(lang);
  return buildWithFonts(() => buildDocument({ markdown: TEXT[lang], resources,
    continuation: { pageIndexOffset: 1 } }, edition(lang)), TEXT[lang]);
};
const docs = [await build('ja'), await build(FACING)];

Cada idioma deste site tem a sua edição das duas páginas, escrita no próprio content.<lang>.md, e cada edição fica de frente para o original japonês: /* @content@ja */ insere content.ja.md em todas as edições, e a página japonesa faz par do original com o letreiramento em inglês. A edição chinesa também é composta em colunas, porque um livro que abre pela direita não mistura balões verticais e horizontais; a árabe é lida da direita para a esquerda pelo próprio sentido da escrita.

A receita completa

Sandbox

// ═══ Postext Cookbook · Nº 149 · Manga read right to left, lettered vertically ══════
// https://postext.dev/en/cookbook/manga-right-to-left
// Code: MIT · Story: written for the recipe (CC BY 4.0) · Pictures: generated with diffusion models
// Fonts: Zen Antique, Comic Neue and six more (SIL OFL 1.1) · Needs postext ≥ 1.21.0
// Two pages of a kendo manga: the Japanese original, then the same pages lettered again.
import {
  buildDocument, renderPageToCanvas, clearMeasurementCache, registerResourceImage,
  loadVerticalAlternates,
} from 'https://esm.sh/postext';
import { renderToPdf, decompressWoff2 } from 'https://esm.sh/postext-pdf';

const LANG = 'pt'; // @lang: this edition's language; the Japanese original faces it
const RECIPE = 'manga-right-to-left';

// ─── 1 · Design ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
// #region palette: black ink on a warm white, one screen-tone grey
const palette = {
  ink: '#151413', // panel borders, balloon outlines, the lettering
  paper: '#fdfcf9', // the page and the balloons
  tone: '#e8e6e1', // the inner-voice box, a light screen tone
  muted: '#6f6b64',
  accent: '#a8322b', // the cover red (the Folio case in recipe.json)
};
const col = (id) => ({ hex: palette[id], model: 'hex', paletteId: id });
const colorPalette = [
  ...Object.entries(palette).map(([id, hex]) => ({ id, name: id, value: { hex, model: 'hex' } })),
  { id: 'main-color', name: 'ink (defaults)', value: { hex: palette.ink, model: 'hex' } },
];
// #endregion

// The engine's lettering and sound-effect faces per language (defaultComicFont and
// defaultComicSfxFont), written out so FONTS and the PDF know them.
const EDITIONS = {
  ja: { locale: 'ja', faces: ['Zen Antique', 'Dela Gothic One'] },
  en: { locale: 'en-us', faces: ['Comic Neue', 'Bangers'] },
  es: { locale: 'es', faces: ['Comic Neue', 'Bangers'] },
  ca: { locale: 'ca', faces: ['Comic Neue', 'Bangers'] },
  pt: { locale: 'pt-BR', faces: ['Comic Neue', 'Bangers'] },
  zh: { locale: 'zh-Hans', faces: ['Noto Sans SC', 'ZCOOL KuaiLe'] },
  ar: { locale: 'ar', faces: ['Playpen Sans Arabic', 'Lalezar'] },
};

// #region answer: the art reads right to left, so every edition does
const comics = (lang) => ({
  // The pages were drawn for right-to-left reading: panel 1 sits top right. The
  // reading direction stays 'auto', which follows the art in a left-to-right
  // language too: the English page keeps the Japanese panel order.
  artDirection: 'rtl',
  mirrorArt: false, // never flop the art: Hana's grip on the sword, the kimono's fold
  gutter: { horizontal: mm(4.5), vertical: mm(2) }, // a tier gap twice the panel gap
  panel: { borderWidth: pt(0.9), borderColor: col('ink'), background: col('paper') },
  lettering: {
    fontFamily: EDITIONS[lang].faces[0], color: col('ink'),
    fontSize: pt(['ja', 'zh'].includes(lang) ? 8.5 : 7.5), // one size per edition
    // 'auto' sets Japanese in columns of 8 characters at most and drops the final 。.
    // Chinese goes in columns too: a book bound on the right never mixes the two.
    writingMode: lang === 'zh' ? 'vertical' : 'auto',
  },
  balloonStyles: balloons(),
});
// #endregion

// #region balloons: oval speech, a dashed whisper, a grey box for the inner voice
const balloons = () => [
  { id: 'speech', fill: col('paper'), stroke: col('ink'), strokeWidth: pt(0.6), roundness: 2 },
  { id: 'whisper', fill: col('paper'), stroke: col('ink'), roundness: 2 },
  { id: 'thought', fill: col('paper'), stroke: col('ink') },
  { id: 'inner', fill: col('tone'), stroke: col('tone'), strokeWidth: pt(0), italic: false },
  { id: 'caption', fill: col('paper'), stroke: col('ink'), strokeWidth: pt(0.5) },
  { id: 'sfx', color: col('ink'), haloColor: col('paper') },
];
// #endregion

const config = () => ({ // a factory: the engine caches resolved configs per object
  // Each edition's language, written out (gotcha: ja-locale-tag); the original is built
  // with 'ja' in every edition (edition('ja') below).
  locale: t({ ja: 'ja', en: 'en-us', es: 'es', ca: 'ca', zh: 'zh-Hans', ar: 'ar', pt: 'pt-BR' }),
  colorPalette,
  page: {
    sizePreset: 'custom', width: mm(128), height: mm(182), dpi: 150, // B6, a tankōbon
    binding: 'right', backgroundColor: col('paper'), // manga open from the right, in any language
    margins: { top: mm(13), bottom: mm(15), left: mm(11), right: mm(11), mirror: true },
  },
  bodyText: {
    fontFamily: 'Zen Antique', fontSize: pt(9), lineHeight: pt(15), color: col('ink'),
    boldColor: col('ink'), italicColor: col('ink'), referenceColor: col('ink'),
  },
  headings: { fontFamily: 'Zen Antique', color: col('ink'),
    levels: [{ level: 1, breakBefore: { enabled: true, parity: 'any' } }] }, // the H1 break
  header: { elements: [] }, // comic pages are all panels: no running heads, no folios
  footer: { elements: [] },
  comics: comics(LANG),
});
// Another edition changes the language, and with it the faces, the writing mode and the
// house rules of the lettering. Nothing else: not the page, not the panels.
const edition = (lang) => ({ ...config(), locale: EDITIONS[lang].locale, comics: comics(lang) });

// ─── 2 · Content ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
const markdown = String.raw`---
Amostra em Markdown · 40 linhas · content.pt.md
title: "A noite anterior"
author: "Postext Cookbook"
---

:::page{split="30 / 34 [46 | *] / * [44 | *]"}
::panel{art=dojo}
caption: Véspera do 42º Torneio Provincial.
dojo: …Yaaah!
::panel{art=swing}
sfx: VUUSH!
hana{inner}: Mais cinquenta…!
::panel{art=doorway}
sora{whisper}: Nossa, a Ichinose não para…
sora{thought}: E agora, como eu entro?
::panel{art=closeup}
hana: …Quem tá aí!?
::panel{art=charm}
hana: …Aizawa?
sora: D-desculpa! É um amuleto do santuário da minha vó.
sora: Leva amanhã.
:::

:::page{split="38 [44 | *] / 34 / *"}
::panel{art=coach}
sfx: CLAC!
mori: Ei.
mori: A escola fechou faz uma hora.
sora{tail=bottom}: M-Mori-sensei…
::panel{art=smile}
mori: Descansar também é treino.
mori: …Amanhã espero muito de você.
hana{tail=bottom}: Sim, sensei!
::panel{art=kneel}
sora{thought}: Ele nem brigou com a gente…
hana: Obrigada, Aizawa. Vou usar.
::panel{art=roof}
hana: …Sabe? Tô com um pouco de medo.
sora: Eu também. E nem vou competir.
hana: Hehe. E o que isso tem a ver?
:::
`; // content.<lang>.md: this edition's lettering
const original = String.raw`---
Amostra em Markdown · 40 linhas · content.ja.md
title: "前の晩"
author: "Postext Cookbook"
---

:::page{split="30 / 34 [46 | *] / * [44 | *]"}
::panel{art=dojo}
caption: 第:tcy[42]回県大会の前日。
dojo: ……ヤアッ！
::panel{art=swing}
sfx: ブンッ
hana{inner}: あと:tcy[50]本……！
::panel{art=doorway}
sora{whisper}: うわ、{一ノ瀬|いちのせ}さん、まだやってる……
sora{thought}: 声、かけづらいなあ
::panel{art=closeup}
hana: ……誰!?
::panel{art=charm}
hana: ……{相沢|あいざわ}くん？
sora: ご、ごめん！　これ、うちのばあちゃんの神社のお守り
sora: 明日、持ってって
:::

:::page{split="38 [44 | *] / 34 / *"}
::panel{art=coach}
sfx: ガラッ
mori: こら。
mori: 下校時刻、とっくに過ぎてるぞ。
sora{tail=bottom}: も、森先生……
::panel{art=smile}
mori: 試合の前の晩は、休むのも稽古だ。
mori: ……明日、期待してるぞ。
hana{tail=bottom}: はい！
::panel{art=kneel}
sora{thought}: 怒られなかった……
hana: ありがとう、相沢くん。つけていくね
::panel{art=roof}
hana: ……ほんとはね、ちょっと怖いんだ
sora: 僕も。試合に出ないのに
hana: ふふっ、なにそれ
:::
`; // content.ja.md, the original, in every edition
const english = String.raw`---
Amostra em Markdown · 40 linhas · content.en.md
title: "The Night Before"
author: "Postext Cookbook"
---

:::page{split="30 / 34 [46 | *] / * [44 | *]"}
::panel{art=dojo}
caption: The day before the 42nd Prefectural Tournament.
dojo: …Yaaah!
::panel{art=swing}
sfx: FWOOSH
hana{inner}: Fifty more…!
::panel{art=doorway}
sora{whisper}: Wow, Ichinose's still at it…
sora{thought}: I can't just barge in.
::panel{art=closeup}
hana: …Who's there!?
::panel{art=charm}
hana: …Aizawa?
sora: S-sorry! It's a charm from my grandma's shrine.
sora: Take it tomorrow.
:::

:::page{split="38 [44 | *] / 34 / *"}
::panel{art=coach}
sfx: SLIDE
mori: Hey.
mori: School closed an hour ago.
sora{tail=bottom}: M-Mori-sensei…
::panel{art=smile}
mori: Rest is training too.
mori: …I'm expecting a lot tomorrow.
hana{tail=bottom}: Yes, sensei!
::panel{art=kneel}
sora{thought}: He didn't yell at us…
hana: Thanks, Aizawa. I'll wear it.
::panel{art=roof}
hana: …Honestly? I'm a little scared.
sora: Me too. And I'm not even competing.
hana: Heh. What's that got to do with it?
:::
`; // the Japanese edition faces the original with it
// The same panels and speaker ids in every file; only the words change.

// ─── 3 · Fonts ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
const FONTS = {
  'Zen Antique': ['400'], 'Dela Gothic One': ['400'], 'Comic Neue': ['400', '700', '400i', '700i'],
  Bangers: ['400'], 'Noto Sans SC': ['400', '700'], 'ZCOOL KuaiLe': ['400'],
  'Playpen Sans Arabic': ['400', '700'], Lalezar: ['400'],
};

// #region art: nine panels, with each speaker's mouth, head and face marked once
const ART = { // fractions of the picture: the same in every language
  dojo: {
    alt: t({ en: 'The old wooden kendo dojo at dusk, its doors open and lit.',
      es: 'El viejo dojo de madera al anochecer, con las puertas abiertas e iluminadas.',
      ca: 'L’antic dojo de fusta al capvespre, amb les portes obertes i il·luminades.',
      pt: 'O velho dojô de madeira ao anoitecer, com as portas abertas e iluminadas.',
      zh: '黄昏时分的老木造剑道场，门敞开着，里面亮着灯。',
      ar: 'قاعة الكندو الخشبية القديمة عند الغسق، أبوابها مفتوحة ومضاءة.',
      ja: '夕暮れの古い木造の剣道場。戸が開いて、中に明かりがともっている。' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.45, y: 0.32, width: 0.5, height: 0.51 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'dojo', x: 0.66, y: 0.63 }] },
  swing: {
    alt: t({ en: 'Hana, alone in the dojo, swings her bamboo sword overhead.',
      es: 'Hana, sola en el dojo, alza la espada de bambú sobre la cabeza.',
      ca: 'La Hana, sola al dojo, aixeca l’espasa de bambú per sobre del cap.',
      pt: 'Hana, sozinha no dojô, ergue a espada de bambu acima da cabeça.',
      zh: '花独自在道场里，把竹剑高举过头。',
      ar: 'هانا وحدها في القاعة ترفع سيف الخيزران فوق رأسها.',
      ja: 'ひとり道場で、竹刀を頭上に振りかぶる花。' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.36, y: 0, width: 0.31, height: 0.5 },
  avoid: [{ x: 0.43, y: 0, width: 0.17, height: 0.12 }],
  anchors: [{ id: 'hana', x: 0.535, y: 0.28, head: { x: 0.53, y: 0.22 },
    face: { x: 0.49, y: 0.14, width: 0.11, height: 0.17 } }] },
  doorway: {
    alt: t({ en: 'Sora peeks round the sliding door, holding a shrine charm.',
      es: 'Sora se asoma por la puerta corredera con un amuleto en la mano.',
      ca: 'En Sora treu el cap per la porta corredissa amb un amulet a la mà.',
      pt: 'Sora espia pela porta de correr com um amuleto na mão.',
      zh: '空从拉门后探出头，手里攥着护身符。',
      ar: 'سورا يطلّ من وراء الباب المنزلق وفي يده تميمة.',
      ja: 'お守りを手に、引き戸の陰からのぞく空。' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.37, y: 0.09, width: 0.34, height: 0.5 },
  avoid: [{ x: 0.49, y: 0.41, width: 0.08, height: 0.1 }],
  anchors: [{ id: 'sora', x: 0.545, y: 0.31, head: { x: 0.55, y: 0.22 },
    face: { x: 0.47, y: 0.16, width: 0.2, height: 0.18 } }] },
  closeup: {
    alt: t({ en: "Close-up of Hana's sweating, startled face.",
      es: 'Primer plano del rostro sudoroso y sobresaltado de Hana.',
      ca: 'Primer pla de la cara suada i sobresaltada de la Hana.',
      pt: 'Primeiro plano do rosto suado e assustado de Hana.',
      zh: '花满脸是汗、吃了一惊的特写。',
      ar: 'لقطة قريبة لوجه هانا المتعرّق المذعور.',
      ja: '汗をかき、はっとした花の顔のアップ。' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.27, y: 0.28, width: 0.43, height: 0.51 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'hana', x: 0.475, y: 0.665, head: { x: 0.45, y: 0.35 },
    face: { x: 0.3, y: 0.3, width: 0.4, height: 0.45 } }] },
  charm: {
    alt: t({ en: 'Sora holds out the charm; Hana looks at it, sword on her shoulder.',
      es: 'Sora le tiende el amuleto; Hana lo mira con la espada al hombro.',
      ca: 'En Sora li allarga l’amulet; la Hana el mira amb l’espasa a l’espatlla.',
      pt: 'Sora estende o amuleto; Hana olha para ele com a espada no ombro.',
      zh: '空递出护身符，花扛着竹剑看着它。',
      ar: 'سورا يمدّ التميمة، وهانا تنظر إليها والسيف على كتفها.',
      ja: '空がお守りを差し出し、竹刀を肩にかついだ花がそれを見る。' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.21, y: 0.09, width: 0.56, height: 0.53 },
  avoid: [{ x: 0.43, y: 0.47, width: 0.06, height: 0.09 }],
  anchors: [{ id: 'sora', x: 0.325, y: 0.335, head: { x: 0.29, y: 0.22 },
    face: { x: 0.26, y: 0.17, width: 0.11, height: 0.2 } },
  { id: 'hana', x: 0.675, y: 0.335, head: { x: 0.665, y: 0.22 },
    face: { x: 0.62, y: 0.17, width: 0.11, height: 0.2 } }] },
  coach: {
    alt: t({ en: 'Coach Mori in the doorway, backlit, arms crossed.',
      es: 'El entrenador Mori en la puerta, a contraluz, de brazos cruzados.',
      ca: 'L’entrenador Mori a la porta, a contrallum, de braços plegats.',
      pt: 'O treinador Mori na porta, contra a luz, de braços cruzados.',
      zh: '森老师站在门口，背着光，双臂抱在胸前。',
      ar: 'المدرّب موري عند الباب، والضوء خلفه، عاقدًا ذراعيه.',
      ja: '逆光の戸口で腕を組んで立つ森先生。' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.33, y: 0.13, width: 0.3, height: 0.32 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'mori', x: 0.425, y: 0.215, head: { x: 0.42, y: 0.17 },
    face: { x: 0.37, y: 0.13, width: 0.1, height: 0.11 } }] },
  smile: {
    alt: t({ en: "Close-up of Mori's stern face breaking into a small smile.",
      es: 'Primer plano del rostro severo de Mori, que esboza una sonrisa.',
      ca: 'Primer pla de la cara severa d’en Mori, que esbossa un somriure.',
      pt: 'Primeiro plano do rosto severo de Mori, que esboça um sorriso.',
      zh: '森老师严肃的脸上露出一丝笑意的特写。',
      ar: 'لقطة قريبة لوجه موري الصارم وقد ارتسمت عليه ابتسامة.',
      ja: '厳しい顔がふっとゆるむ森先生のアップ。' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.43, y: 0.21, width: 0.51, height: 0.53 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'mori', x: 0.69, y: 0.52, head: { x: 0.6, y: 0.25 },
    face: { x: 0.45, y: 0.28, width: 0.45, height: 0.32 } }] },
  kneel: {
    alt: t({ en: 'Kneeling, Hana ties the charm to her armour; Sora scratches his head.',
      es: 'De rodillas, Hana se ata el amuleto a la armadura; Sora se rasca la cabeza.',
      ca: 'De genolls, la Hana es lliga l’amulet a l’armadura; en Sora es grata el cap.',
      pt: 'De joelhos, Hana amarra o amuleto na armadura; Sora coça a cabeça.',
      zh: '花跪坐着把护身符系在护具上，空挠着头。',
      ar: 'هانا جاثية تربط التميمة بدرعها، وسورا يحكّ رأسه.',
      ja: '正座してお守りを防具に結ぶ花と、頭をかく空。' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.21, y: 0.08, width: 0.61, height: 0.48 },
  avoid: [{ x: 0.27, y: 0.43, width: 0.06, height: 0.12 }],
  anchors: [{ id: 'hana', x: 0.305, y: 0.245, head: { x: 0.3, y: 0.17 },
    face: { x: 0.25, y: 0.1, width: 0.11, height: 0.17 } },
  { id: 'sora', x: 0.7, y: 0.25, head: { x: 0.71, y: 0.15 },
    face: { x: 0.64, y: 0.1, width: 0.13, height: 0.18 } }] },
  roof: {
    alt: t({ en: 'Seen from behind, Hana and Sora sit on the school roof at sunset.',
      es: 'De espaldas, Hana y Sora sentados en la azotea del instituto al atardecer.',
      ca: 'D’esquena, la Hana i en Sora asseguts al terrat de l’institut a la posta.',
      pt: 'De costas, Hana e Sora sentados no terraço da escola ao pôr do sol.',
      zh: '夕阳下，花和空坐在学校楼顶的背影。',
      ar: 'هانا وسورا جالسان على سطح المدرسة عند الغروب، من الخلف.',
      ja: '夕焼けの屋上に並んで座る花と空の後ろ姿。' }),
  safeArea: { x: 0.24, y: 0.41, width: 0.47, height: 0.31 },
  anchors: [{ id: 'hana', x: 0.36, y: 0.52, head: { x: 0.36, y: 0.48 },
    face: { x: 0.31, y: 0.43, width: 0.11, height: 0.14 } },
  { id: 'sora', x: 0.63, y: 0.52, head: { x: 0.625, y: 0.47 },
    face: { x: 0.58, y: 0.41, width: 0.1, height: 0.15 } }] },
};
const panels = () => Promise.all([
  comicPanel('dojo', asset('kendo-dojo.jpg'), ART.dojo),
  comicPanel('swing', asset('kendo-swing.jpg'), ART.swing),
  comicPanel('doorway', asset('kendo-doorway.jpg'), ART.doorway),
  comicPanel('closeup', asset('kendo-closeup.jpg'), ART.closeup),
  comicPanel('charm', asset('kendo-charm.jpg'), ART.charm),
  comicPanel('coach', asset('kendo-coach.jpg'), ART.coach),
  comicPanel('smile', asset('kendo-smile.jpg'), ART.smile),
  comicPanel('kneel', asset('kendo-kneel.jpg'), ART.kneel),
  comicPanel('roof', asset('kendo-roof.jpg'), ART.roof),
]);
// #endregion

// #region fonts: each edition loads its two faces with the words they set
const SFX = /^sfx[^:：\n]*[:：](.*)$/gm; // sound-effect lines: the second face sets them
async function loadEdition(lang) {
  const text = TEXT[lang];
  const [face, sfx] = EDITIONS[lang].faces;
  const faces = { [face]: FONTS[face], [sfx]: FONTS[sfx] };
  if (['ja', 'zh'].includes(lang)) { // CJK: only the files that hold these characters
    const effects = [...text.matchAll(SFX)].map((m) => m[1]).join('');
    await loadCjkFonts({ [face]: FONTS[face] }, text.replace(SFX, ''), { vertical: true });
    await loadCjkFonts({ [sfx]: FONTS[sfx] }, effects, { vertical: true });
  }
  if (lang === 'ar') await loadArabicFonts(faces, text);
  await loadComicFonts(faces, text); // the bold and italic the faces do not ship
}
// #endregion

// ─── 4 · Build & show ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
// #region editions: the original on the right-hand page, this edition's lettering facing it
const FACING = LANG === 'ja' ? 'en' : LANG; // Japanese readers see the English edition
const TEXT = { ja: original, [FACING]: LANG === 'ja' ? english : markdown };
await loadFonts(FONTS, Object.values(TEXT).join('\n'));
const resources = await panels();
const build = async (lang) => { // the same pictures and page; this language's lettering
  await loadEdition(lang);
  return buildWithFonts(() => buildDocument({ markdown: TEXT[lang], resources,
    continuation: { pageIndexOffset: 1 } }, edition(lang)), TEXT[lang]);
};
const docs = [await build('ja'), await build(FACING)];
// #endregion
const TITLE = t({
  en: 'A manga read right to left', es: 'Un manga que se lee de derecha a izquierda',
  ca: 'Un manga que es llegeix de dreta a esquerra', zh: '从右往左读的漫画',
  pt: 'Um mangá lido da direita para a esquerda',
  ar: 'مانغا تُقرأ من اليمين إلى اليسار', ja: '右から左へ読む漫画' });
showBook(docs, { title: TITLE });
offerPdf(() => renderToPdf(docs, { fontProvider: comicPdfProvider, resourceBytes: imageBytes }),
  `${RECIPE}.pdf`);

Kit · core, fonts, viewer, pdf, images, cjk, arabic, comics: igual em todas as receitas · 722 linhas
// ─── Kit ── helpers shared by every Cookbook recipe · postext.dev/cookbook ─────

// ─── Kit · core v1 ── the same in every recipe · postext.dev/cookbook
function mm(value) { return { value, unit: 'mm' }; }
function pt(value) { return { value, unit: 'pt' }; }
function em(value) { return { value, unit: 'em' }; }
/** The sample language's string: t({ en: 'Figure', es: 'Figura' }). */
function t(strings) { return strings[LANG] ?? Object.values(strings)[0]; }
/** A file in this recipe's assets folder, served from the Postext repo by jsDelivr. */
function asset(file) { return `https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/drnachio/postext@main/cookbook/${RECIPE}/assets/${file}`; }

// ─── Kit · fonts v2 ── the same in every recipe · postext.dev/cookbook
// Postext measures with the loaded faces and caches the widths: load every face
// before the first build, from Fontsource, the files the PDF embeds too.

/** faces = { 'Family Name': ['400', '400i', '700'] }. `text` is the sample:
 *  č ł † α χ also load latin-ext and greek files (kitSubsetsFor). With
 *  `optional`, a face Fontsource does not ship is skipped instead of failing.
 *  Resolves to the number of faces added. */
async function loadFonts(faces, text = '', { optional = false } = {}) {
  kitStatus('Loading fonts…');
  const ranges = {
    latin: 'U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,'
      + 'U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD',
    'latin-ext': 'U+0100-02BA,U+02BD-02C5,U+02C7-02CC,U+02CE-02D7,U+02DD-02FF,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,'
      + 'U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF',
    greek: 'U+0370-03FF',
  };
  const jobs = [];
  let added = 0;
  for (const [family, specs] of Object.entries(faces)) {
    const id = fontsourceId(family);
    const todo = [...new Set(specs)].map((spec) => [parseInt(spec, 10), spec.endsWith('i') ? 'italic' : 'normal'])
      .filter(([weight, style]) => !hasFace(family, weight, style)); // before any await
    const meta = optional || /[^\0-ÿ]/u.test(text) ? await fontsourceMeta(family) : null;
    const subsets = ['latin', ...kitSubsetsFor(text, meta)];
    for (const [weight, style] of todo) {
      if (optional && !(meta?.weights.includes(weight) && meta.styles.includes(style))) continue;
      for (const subset of subsets) {
        const url = `https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fontsource/${id}@5/files/${id}-${subset}-${weight}-${style}.woff2`;
        const face = new FontFace(family, `url(${url}) format('woff2')`,
          { weight: String(weight), style, unicodeRange: ranges[subset] });
        jobs.push(face.load().then((ready) => { document.fonts.add(ready); added++; }, () => {
          if (subset === 'latin' && !optional) throw new Error(`Fontsource has no ${family} ${weight} ${style}`);
        }));
      }
    }
  }
  await Promise.all(jobs).catch((error) => { kitFail(error); throw error; });
  return added;
}

/** Runs `build` and loads any face the pages use that FONTS missed (a regular
 *  one with a warning), then clears the measurement cache and builds again. */
async function buildWithFonts(build, text = '') {
  const tried = new Set();
  for (let round = 0; round < 3; round++) {
    kitStatus('Laying out…');
    await new Promise(requestAnimationFrame);          // let the status paint first
    const result = await Promise.resolve().then(build).catch((error) => { kitFail(error); throw error; });
    const wanted = { base: {}, variants: {} };
    for (const { font, base } of [result].flat().flatMap(fontStringsOf)) {
      const { family, weight, style } = parseFont(font);
      const key = `${family}|${weight}|${style}`;
      if (tried.has(key) || hasFace(family, weight, style)) continue;
      tried.add(key);
      (wanted[base ? 'base' : 'variants'][family] ??= []).push(`${weight}${style === 'italic' ? 'i' : ''}`);
    }
    if (Object.keys(wanted.base).length) {
      console.warn(`[cookbook] FONTS does not list ${JSON.stringify(wanted.base)}: loading them.`);
    }
    const added = await loadFonts(wanted.base, text) + await loadFonts(wanted.variants, text, { optional: true });
    if (added === 0) return result;
    clearMeasurementCache();
  }
  throw new Error('The fonts did not settle after three builds.');
}

/** Every font string of the layout; `base` marks a block's own face. */
function fontStringsOf(doc) {
  const found = new Map();
  const walk = (node) => {
    if (!node || typeof node !== 'object') return;
    if (Array.isArray(node)) { node.forEach(walk); return; }
    for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(node)) {
      if (typeof value === 'string' && /fontString$/i.test(key)) {
        found.set(value, found.get(value) || key === 'fontString');
      } else if (value && typeof value === 'object') walk(value);
    }
  };
  walk(doc.pages);
  walk(doc.blocks);
  return [...found].map(([font, base]) => ({ font, base }));
}

/** '700 37.5px Open Sans' / 'italic 400 13px "Source Serif 4"' → { family, weight, style }.
 *  A string with no weight ('95.8px Young Serif', from a design text) is 400. */
function parseFont(font) {
  const m = /^(?:(italic|oblique)\s+)?(?:small-caps\s+)?(?:(\d+|bold|normal)\s+)?[\d.]+px\s+(.+)$/.exec(font.trim());
  if (!m) throw new Error(`Unexpected font string: ${font}`);
  const weight = m[2] === 'bold' ? 700 : !m[2] || m[2] === 'normal' ? 400 : Number(m[2]);
  return { family: m[3].replace(/^["']|["']$/g, ''), weight, style: m[1] ? 'italic' : 'normal' };
}

/** A loaded FontFace covers this family, weight and style (fonts.check() would
 *  also say yes for families nobody declared). */
function hasFace(family, weight, style) {
  for (const face of document.fonts) {
    if (face.status !== 'loaded' || face.style !== style) continue;
    if (face.family.replace(/^["']|["']$/g, '') !== family) continue;
    const [low, high = low] = face.weight.split(' ').map(Number);
    if (weight >= low && weight <= high) return true;
  }
  return false;
}

/** The files beyond latin `text` needs that `meta`'s family ships. */
function kitSubsetsFor(text, meta) {
  return [[/[Ā-˿ᴀ-ᶿḀ-ỿ†ℓⱠ-Ɀ꜠-ꟿ]/u, 'latin-ext'], [/[Ͱ-Ͽ]/u, 'greek']]
    .filter(([re, x]) => re.test(text) && meta?.subsets?.includes(x)).map(([, x]) => x);
}

/** Fontsource's id for a family: 'Source Serif 4' → 'source-serif-4'. */
function fontsourceId(family) { return family.toLowerCase().replace(/\s+/g, '-'); }

/** The family's Fontsource metadata (weights, styles, subsets), or null. */
function fontsourceMeta(family) {
  fontsourceMeta.cache ??= new Map();
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  if (!fontsourceMeta.cache.has(id)) {
    fontsourceMeta.cache.set(id, fetch(`https://api.fontsource.org/v1/fonts/${id}`)
      .then((res) => (res.ok ? res.json() : null), () => null));
  }
  return fontsourceMeta.cache.get(id);
}

// ─── Kit · viewer v1 ── the same in every recipe · postext.dev/cookbook
/** The pages as spreads on a dark desk, page 1 alone, then verso | recto,
 *  each painted when it scrolls near. */
function showPages(docs, { title, width = 460 } = {}) {
  const root = viewer(title);
  const pages = [docs].flat().flatMap((doc) =>
    doc.pages.map((page) => ({ doc, page, n: (doc.pageIndexOffset ?? 0) + page.index })));
  const spreads = [];
  let verso = null;
  for (const p of pages) {
    if (p.n % 2 === 1) { if (verso) spreads.push([verso, null]); verso = p; }
    else { spreads.push([verso, p]); verso = null; }
  }
  if (verso) spreads.push([verso, null]);
  const density = Math.min(window.devicePixelRatio || 1, 2);
  showPages.painter?.disconnect();
  const painter = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => {
    for (const { isIntersecting, target } of entries) {
      if (!isIntersecting) continue;
      painter.unobserve(target);
      const { doc, page } = target.postext;
      renderPageToCanvas(page, doc, target, { scale: (width * density) / page.width });
    }
  }, { rootMargin: '800px' });
  showPages.painter = painter;
  root.replaceChildren(...spreads.map((pair) => {
    const spread = document.createElement('div');
    spread.className = 'pt-spread';
    for (const p of pair) {
      const figure = document.createElement('figure');
      if (p) {
        const label = p.page.pageLabel || String(p.n + 1);
        const canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
        canvas.postext = p;
        canvas.style.aspectRatio = `${p.page.width} / ${p.page.height}`;
        canvas.setAttribute('role', 'img');
        canvas.setAttribute('aria-label', `Page ${label}`);
        const folio = document.createElement('figcaption');
        folio.textContent = label;
        figure.append(canvas, folio);
        painter.observe(canvas);
      } else figure.className = 'pt-blank';
      spread.append(figure);
    }
    return spread;
  }));
  kitStatus(`${pages.length} ${pages.length === 1 ? 'page' : 'pages'}`);
  document.documentElement.dataset.postext = 'ready';
  return pages.length;
}

/** The desk, the bar and the error reporting, created once. */
function viewer(title) {
  if (!document.getElementById('pt-kit')) {
    document.head.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', `<style id="pt-kit">
      :root { color-scheme: dark; }
      body { margin: 0; background: #0e1014; color: #b9bcc4; font: 13px/1.45 system-ui, sans-serif; }
      #pt-bar { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 1; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center;
        gap: 6px 16px; padding: 10px 16px; background: rgb(14 16 20 / .92); backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
        border-bottom: 1px solid #23262d; }
      #pt-bar strong { color: #f4f1ea; font-weight: 600; }
      #pt-actions { display: flex; gap: 12px; margin-left: auto; }
      #pt-actions a, #pt-actions button { color: #d8a21a; font: inherit; background: none; border: 0; padding: 0; cursor: pointer; }
      #pages { display: grid; justify-items: center; gap: 48px; padding: 32px 16px 72px; }
      .pt-spread { display: flex; }
      .pt-spread figure { margin: 0; width: min(460px, 44vw); }
      .pt-spread canvas { display: block; width: 100%; background: #fff;
        box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / .5), 0 22px 44px -16px rgb(0 0 0 / .8); }
      .pt-spread figure:first-child canvas { box-shadow: inset -14px 0 14px -14px rgb(0 0 0 / .18), 0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / .5), 0 22px 44px -16px rgb(0 0 0 / .8); }
      .pt-spread figcaption { margin-top: 10px; text-align: center; font: 600 10px/1 system-ui, sans-serif;
        letter-spacing: .18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #6c7079; }
      .pt-blank { visibility: hidden; }
      @media (max-width: 760px) {
        .pt-spread { flex-direction: column; gap: 32px; }
        .pt-spread figure { width: min(460px, 92vw); }
        .pt-blank { display: none; }
      }
    </style>`);
    document.body.insertAdjacentHTML('afterbegin',
      '<header id="pt-bar"><strong id="pt-title"></strong><span id="pt-status" role="status"></span><span id="pt-actions"></span></header>');
    document.getElementById('pt-title').textContent = document.title || 'Postext';
    addEventListener('error', (event) => kitFail(event.error ?? event.message));
    addEventListener('unhandledrejection', (event) => kitFail(event.reason));
  }
  if (title) document.getElementById('pt-title').textContent = title;
  return document.getElementById('pages')
    ?? document.body.appendChild(Object.assign(document.createElement('main'), { id: 'pages' }));
}

function kitStatus(text) {
  viewer();
  document.getElementById('pt-status').textContent = text;
}

function kitFail(error) {
  document.documentElement.dataset.postext = 'error';
  kitStatus(`Error: ${error?.message ?? error}`);
}

// ─── Kit · pdf v2 ── the same in every recipe that exports a PDF
/** The Fontsource files the screen used, as TrueType: the nearest weight the
 *  family ships, upright if it has no italic; latin, then what the face's
 *  letters need (kitSubsetsFor). */
async function fontsourceProvider(family, weight, style, request) {
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
  const weights = meta?.weights?.length ? meta.weights : [400, 700];
  const w = weights.reduce((a, b) => (Math.abs(b - weight) < Math.abs(a - weight) ? b : a));
  const s = style === 'italic' && meta && !meta.styles.includes('italic') ? 'normal' : style;
  const text = String.fromCodePoint(...(request?.codePoints ?? []));
  const more = kitSubsetsFor(text, meta);
  const files = await Promise.all(['latin', ...more].map(async (subset) => {
    const res = await fetch(`https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fontsource/${id}@5/files/${id}-${subset}-${w}-${s}.woff2`);
    if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Fontsource has no ${family} ${w} ${s} ${subset}`);
    return decompressWoff2(new Uint8Array(await res.arrayBuffer()));
  }));
  return files.length === 1 ? files[0] : files;
}

/** A "Build the PDF" button; then "Open the PDF" (a new tab: CodePen's frame
 *  shows no PDFs) and a download link. */
function offerPdf(makePdf, filename) {
  viewer();
  const button = Object.assign(document.createElement('button'), { type: 'button', textContent: 'Build the PDF' });
  button.dataset.postextPdf = filename;
  button.addEventListener('click', async () => {
    button.disabled = true;
    button.textContent = 'Building the PDF…';
    try {
      const bytes = await makePdf();
      const url = URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([bytes], { type: 'application/pdf' }));
      const size = `${Math.max(1, Math.round(bytes.length / 1024))} KB`;
      button.replaceWith(
        Object.assign(document.createElement('a'), { href: url, target: '_blank', rel: 'noopener', textContent: 'Open the PDF ↗' }),
        Object.assign(document.createElement('a'), { href: url, download: filename, textContent: `Download ${filename} · ${size}` }));
    } catch (error) {
      button.disabled = false;
      button.textContent = 'Build the PDF';
      kitFail(error);
    }
  });
  document.getElementById('pt-actions').append(button);
}

// ─── Kit · images v1 ── recipes with pictures · postext.dev/cookbook
/** Registers a photo or PNG for the canvas and keeps its bytes for the PDF.
 *  fetch → ImageBitmap never taints the canvas (a plain cross-origin <img> would). */
async function loadImage(fileId, url) {
  const res = await fetch(url);
  if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Image not found (${res.status}): ${url}`);
  const bytes = new Uint8Array(await res.arrayBuffer());
  registerResourceImage(fileId, await createImageBitmap(new Blob([bytes])));
  (loadImage.bytes ??= new Map()).set(fileId, bytes);
}

/** Registers SVG markup (drawn in code, or fetched) as a vector image. */
async function loadSvg(fileId, svg) {
  const img = new Image();
  img.src = `data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,${encodeURIComponent(svg)}`;
  await img.decode();
  registerResourceImage(fileId, img);
  (loadImage.bytes ??= new Map()).set(fileId, new TextEncoder().encode(svg));
}

/** renderToPdf({ resourceBytes: imageBytes }) */
function imageBytes(fileId) { return loadImage.bytes?.get(fileId); }

/** renderToHtml({ resourceImageUrl: imageUrl }) */
function imageUrl(fileId) {
  const bytes = imageBytes(fileId);
  if (!bytes) return undefined;
  imageUrl.urls ??= new Map();
  if (!imageUrl.urls.has(fileId)) {
    const type = /\.svg$/i.test(fileId) ? 'image/svg+xml' : /\.png$/i.test(fileId) ? 'image/png' : 'image/jpeg';
    imageUrl.urls.set(fileId, URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([bytes], { type })));
  }
  return imageUrl.urls.get(fileId);
}

// ─── Kit · cjk v1 ── Chinese, Japanese and Korean books · postext.dev/cookbook
// Fontsource ships a CJK family as about a hundred files per weight, each
// declared in its stylesheet with the unicode-range it covers. The screen
// loads the files the sample touches; the PDF gets the same files for the
// characters its pages set in each face, and embeds each as a subset.
// A book bound on the right (vertical text) is shown with its spreads
// mirrored: page 1 alone on the left of the spine, then [3 | 2].

/** The files of a Fontsource face, read from its stylesheet: { url, range,
 *  ranges }, the last declared first (the order the browser tries them in). */
function cjkSlices(family, weight, style) {
  cjkSlices.cache ??= new Map();
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  const css = `https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fontsource/${id}@5/${weight}${style === 'italic' ? '-italic' : ''}.css`;
  if (!cjkSlices.cache.has(css)) {
    cjkSlices.cache.set(css, fetch(css)
      .then((res) => {
        if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Fontsource has no ${family} ${weight} ${style} (${res.status})`);
        return res.text();
      })
      .then((text) => [...text.matchAll(/@font-face\s*{([^}]*)}/g)].map(([, rule]) => {
        const range = /unicode-range:\s*([^;]+);/.exec(rule)?.[1].trim() ?? 'U+0-10FFFF';
        const ranges = range.split(',').map((part) => {
          const [lo, hi = lo] = part.trim().slice(2).split('-');
          return [parseInt(lo, 16), parseInt(hi, 16)];
        });
        return { url: new URL(/url\(([^)]+?\.woff2)\)/.exec(rule)[1], css).href, range, ranges };
      }).reverse()));
  }
  return cjkSlices.cache.get(css);
}

/** The file of `slices` that holds code point `cp`, if any. */
function cjkSliceFor(slices, cp) {
  return slices.find((slice) => slice.ranges.some(([lo, hi]) => cp >= lo && cp <= hi));
}

/** Whether Fontsource serves `family` as a Chinese, Japanese or Korean
 *  family (its subsets name the script). Fails when the API does not
 *  answer: a CJK face taken for a Latin one would paint in a system face. */
async function isCjkFamily(family) {
  const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
  if (!meta) throw new Error(`api.fontsource.org did not describe ${family}: reload to try again`);
  return !!meta.subsets?.some((subset) => /^(chinese|japanese|korean)/.test(subset));
}

/** faces = { 'Noto Serif TC': ['400', '700'] }, as for loadFonts: the
 *  whole FONTS object may be passed, its other families are left to
 *  loadFonts. Adds one FontFace per file of each CJK face with its
 *  unicodeRange, then loads the files `text` touches. `text` is what the
 *  faces set: the sample for the text face; a book in several voices calls
 *  it once per voice (loadCjkFonts({ 'LXGW WenKai TC': ['400'] }, quotes)),
 *  so the heading and quotation faces fetch and check only their own
 *  characters. Fails when a character of `text` is in no file of a face.
 *  List every weight the pages use: a weight left to buildWithFonts gets
 *  the latin file only. With { vertical: true } it also loads each
 *  family's vertical forms (brackets, quotes, pause marks) for the canvas,
 *  which needs loadVerticalAlternates imported from postext. Resolves to
 *  the number of files loaded. */
async function loadCjkFonts(faces, text, { vertical = false } = {}) {
  kitStatus('Loading fonts…');
  let loaded = 0;
  try {
    if (vertical && typeof loadVerticalAlternates !== 'function') {
      throw new Error('loadCjkFonts(…, { vertical: true }) needs loadVerticalAlternates imported from postext');
    }
    for (const [family, specs] of Object.entries(faces)) {
      if (!(await isCjkFamily(family))) continue;
      const twin = [];
      for (const spec of new Set(specs)) {
        const weight = parseInt(spec, 10);
        const style = spec.endsWith('i') ? 'italic' : 'normal';
        const slices = await cjkSlices(family, weight, style);
        const missing = [...new Set(text)].filter((ch) => /\S/.test(ch) && !cjkSliceFor(slices, ch.codePointAt(0)));
        if (missing.length) {
          throw new Error(`${family} ${spec} has no file for ${missing.slice(0, 12).join(' ')}: `
            + `give each face the text it sets (loadCjkFonts({ '${family}': ['${spec}'] }, text))`);
        }
        for (const slice of slices) {
          document.fonts.add(new FontFace(family, `url(${slice.url}) format('woff2')`,
            { weight: String(weight), style, unicodeRange: slice.range }));
          twin.push({ source: slice.url, weight: String(weight), style, unicodeRange: slice.range });
        }
        const font = `${style === 'italic' ? 'italic ' : ''}${weight} 16px "${family}"`;
        loaded += (await document.fonts.load(font, text)).length;
        if (!document.fonts.check(font, text)) throw new Error(`${family} ${spec} did not load for the sample`);
      }
      // The same files under a twin name with the `vert` feature on: the
      // canvas paints the punctuation of vertical lines with it.
      if (vertical && twin.length) await loadVerticalAlternates(family, twin);
    }
  } catch (error) {
    kitFail(error);
    throw error;
  }
  return loaded;
}

/** The PDF font provider for recipes with CJK faces: a family whose
 *  Fontsource subsets are Chinese, Japanese or Korean gets the files that
 *  hold the characters its pages set (`request.codePoints`); any other
 *  family gets the latin file fontsourceProvider fetches (the "pdf" block)
 *  and, when the face sets letters only latin-ext has, that file too. */
async function cjkPdfProvider(family, weight, style, request) {
  if (!(await isCjkFamily(family))) return cjkLatinPdfFiles(family, weight, style, request);
  const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
  const weights = meta.weights?.length ? meta.weights : [400, 700];
  const w = weights.reduce((a, b) => (Math.abs(b - weight) < Math.abs(a - weight) ? b : a));
  const s = style === 'italic' && !meta.styles.includes('italic') ? 'normal' : style;
  const slices = await cjkSlices(family, w, s);
  const picked = new Set();
  for (const cp of request?.codePoints ?? []) {
    const slice = cjkSliceFor(slices, cp);
    if (slice) picked.add(slice);
  }
  if (!picked.size) picked.add(slices[0]);
  return Promise.all(slices.filter((slice) => picked.has(slice)).map(async (slice) => {
    const res = await fetch(slice.url);
    if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Fontsource file ${slice.url} (${res.status})`);
    return decompressWoff2(new Uint8Array(await res.arrayBuffer()));
  }));
}

/** A Latin family set next to the CJK faces: its latin file, then its
 *  latin-ext file when the face sets letters only latin-ext has (ō ū in
 *  Hepburn rōmaji, ǎ in pinyin), the file loadFonts adds on screen for
 *  them. Latin comes first: postext-pdf draws a character from the first
 *  file that has it, as the browser takes a character both files hold from
 *  latin. A face Fontsource ships without latin-ext, or whose file does
 *  not come, gets latin alone, and the PDF names the letters it lacks. */
async function cjkLatinPdfFiles(family, weight, style, request) {
  const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
  const beyond = [...(request?.codePoints ?? [])].some(cjkLatinExtOnly);
  if (!beyond || !meta?.subsets?.includes('latin-ext')) return fontsourceProvider(family, weight, style);
  const weights = meta.weights?.length ? meta.weights : [400, 700];
  const w = weights.reduce((a, b) => (Math.abs(b - weight) < Math.abs(a - weight) ? b : a));
  const s = style === 'italic' && !meta.styles.includes('italic') ? 'normal' : style;
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  const url = `https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fontsource/${id}@5/files/${id}-latin-ext-${w}-${s}.woff2`;
  const [latin, ext] = await Promise.all([fontsourceProvider(family, weight, style), fetch(url)
    .then(async (res) => (res.ok ? decompressWoff2(new Uint8Array(await res.arrayBuffer())) : null), () => null)]);
  return ext ? [latin, ext] : latin;
}

/** Whether code point `cp` is in Fontsource's latin-ext file and not in
 *  its latin file: Latin Extended-A and -B, IPA, the spacing modifiers and
 *  Latin Extended Additional (loadFonts's test for latin-ext), less the
 *  few latin holds too (ı Œ œ ʻ ʼ ˆ ˚ ˜). */
function cjkLatinExtOnly(cp) {
  if (!((cp >= 0x100 && cp <= 0x2ff) || (cp >= 0x1e00 && cp <= 0x1eff))) return false;
  return ![0x131, 0x152, 0x153, 0x2bb, 0x2bc, 0x2c6, 0x2da, 0x2dc].includes(cp);
}

/** showPages for a book bound on either edge. A right-bound book (the
 *  document says so: doc.binding is 'right' for page.binding 'right' and
 *  for vertical text) lies on the desk as it opens: page 1 alone on the
 *  left of the spine, then [3 | 2], the spine shade on each page's inner
 *  edge. `binding` ('left' | 'right') overrides the document's. */
function showBook(docs, { binding, ...options } = {}) {
  const count = showPages(docs, options);
  const right = (binding ?? [docs].flat()[0]?.binding) === 'right';
  if (!document.getElementById('pt-kit-cjk')) {
    // The pages keep direction ltr: a canvas draws text in the direction its
    // element inherits, and under rtl each run would end where the engine
    // starts it, its brackets mirrored.
    document.head.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', `<style id="pt-kit-cjk">
      .pt-spread[dir="rtl"] canvas { direction: ltr; }
      .pt-spread[dir="rtl"] figure:first-child canvas { box-shadow: inset 14px 0 14px -14px rgb(0 0 0 / .18),
        0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / .5), 0 22px 44px -16px rgb(0 0 0 / .8); }
    </style>`);
  }
  // Each pair stays [verso, recto] in the page; right to left, the verso
  // sits on the right. Phones stack the pages in reading order either way.
  for (const spread of document.querySelectorAll('#pages > .pt-spread')) spread.dir = right ? 'rtl' : 'ltr';
  document.getElementById('pages').dataset.binding = right ? 'right' : 'left';
  return count;
}

// ─── Kit · arabic v1 ── Arabic-script faces · postext.dev/cookbook
// Fontsource ships an Arabic family as one file per subset and weight: the
// `arabic` file holds the letters, the harakat, the Arabic-Indic digits, the
// Arabic punctuation and the presentation forms; `latin` and `latin-ext`
// hold the rest. loadFonts loads the latin files; this block adds the arabic
// file of every Arabic family, for the canvas and for the PDF, which shapes
// the letters with HarfBuzz from the same bytes.

/** The code points of Fontsource's `arabic` subset, as its stylesheets
 *  declare them (the same unicode-range the browser picks the file by). A
 *  function, not a const: the kit is inlined after the recipe's top-level
 *  awaits, and a const read before its line throws, where a function
 *  declaration is hoisted. */
function arabicRange() {
  return 'U+0600-06FF,U+0750-077F,U+0870-088E,U+0890-0891,U+0897-08E1,U+08E3-08FF,'
    + 'U+200C-200E,U+2010-2011,U+204F,U+2E41,U+FB50-FDFF,U+FE70-FE74,U+FE76-FEFC,U+102E0-102FB,'
    + 'U+10E60-10E7E,U+10EC2-10EC4,U+10EFC-10EFF,U+1EE00-1EEFF';
}

/** Whether code point `cp` is in the arabic file. */
function inArabicRange(cp) {
  inArabicRange.ranges ??= arabicRange().split(',').map((part) => {
    const [lo, hi = lo] = part.slice(2).split('-');
    return [parseInt(lo, 16), parseInt(hi, 16)];
  });
  return inArabicRange.ranges.some(([lo, hi]) => cp >= lo && cp <= hi);
}

/** Whether Fontsource serves `family` with an `arabic` subset. Fails when
 *  the API does not answer: an Arabic face taken for a Latin one would set
 *  its letters in a system face. */
async function isArabicFamily(family) {
  const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
  if (!meta) throw new Error(`api.fontsource.org did not describe ${family}: reload to try again`);
  return !!meta.subsets?.includes('arabic');
}

/** The arabic file of a face. */
function arabicFileUrl(family, weight, style) {
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  return `https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fontsource/${id}@5/files/${id}-arabic-${weight}-${style}.woff2`;
}

/** faces = { Amiri: ['400', '700'] }, as for loadFonts, after it: the whole
 *  FONTS object may be passed, its families without an arabic subset are
 *  left alone. Adds the arabic file of every listed weight of each Arabic
 *  family (the latin files come from loadFonts) and loads it. `text` is
 *  the sample: fails when it holds an Arabic-script character the arabic
 *  file does not cover. List every weight the pages set in Arabic: a weight
 *  left to buildWithFonts gets the latin file only, and its Arabic letters
 *  fall back to a system face. Resolves to the number of files loaded. */
async function loadArabicFonts(faces, text = '') {
  kitStatus('Loading fonts…');
  let loaded = 0;
  try {
    const outside = [...new Set(text)].filter((ch) => /\p{Script=Arabic}/u.test(ch) && !inArabicRange(ch.codePointAt(0)));
    if (outside.length) throw new Error(`Fontsource's arabic files have no ${outside.slice(0, 12).join(' ')}`);
    for (const [family, specs] of Object.entries(faces)) {
      if (!(await isArabicFamily(family))) continue;
      for (const spec of new Set(specs)) {
        const weight = parseInt(spec, 10);
        const style = spec.endsWith('i') ? 'italic' : 'normal';
        const face = new FontFace(family, `url(${arabicFileUrl(family, weight, style)}) format('woff2')`,
          { weight: String(weight), style, unicodeRange: arabicRange() });
        document.fonts.add(await face.load().catch(() => {
          throw new Error(`Fontsource has no arabic file for ${family} ${weight} ${style}`);
        }));
        loaded++;
      }
    }
  } catch (error) {
    kitFail(error);
    throw error;
  }
  return loaded;
}

/** The PDF font provider for recipes with Arabic faces: a family with an
 *  arabic subset gets its arabic file when its pages set Arabic letters
 *  (`request.codePoints`), then its latin file, and its latin-ext file for
 *  the letters beyond latin (transliteration: ā ḥ ʿ). The arabic file comes
 *  first: it also holds the space and the brackets, so a line of Arabic is
 *  shaped as one run and not cut at every space. Any other family goes to
 *  fontsourceProvider (the "pdf" block). */
async function arabicPdfProvider(family, weight, style, request) {
  if (!(await isArabicFamily(family))) return fontsourceProvider(family, weight, style, request);
  const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
  const weights = meta.weights?.length ? meta.weights : [400, 700];
  const w = weights.reduce((a, b) => (Math.abs(b - weight) < Math.abs(a - weight) ? b : a));
  const s = style === 'italic' && !meta.styles.includes('italic') ? 'normal' : style;
  const wanted = [...(request?.codePoints ?? [])];
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  const urls = [];
  if (!wanted.length || wanted.some(inArabicRange)) urls.push(arabicFileUrl(family, w, s));
  urls.push(`https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fontsource/${id}@5/files/${id}-latin-${w}-${s}.woff2`);
  if (meta.subsets.includes('latin-ext') && wanted.some((cp) => /[Ā-˿Ḁ-ỿ]/u.test(String.fromCodePoint(cp)))) {
    urls.push(`https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fontsource/${id}@5/files/${id}-latin-ext-${w}-${s}.woff2`);
  }
  return Promise.all(urls.map(async (url) => {
    const res = await fetch(url);
    if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Fontsource file ${url} (${res.status})`);
    return decompressWoff2(new Uint8Array(await res.arrayBuffer()));
  }));
}

// ─── Kit · comics v1 ── comic pages · postext.dev/cookbook
// The engine letters a comic in a face per language (defaultComicFont:
// Comic Neue, Zen Antique for Japanese, Noto Sans SC, LXGW WenKai TC,
// Playpen Sans Arabic; defaultComicSfxFont: Bangers, Dela Gothic One,
// ZCOOL KuaiLe, Lalezar) and asks for the bold of a shout or a sound effect
// and the italic of an inner voice. Most of these faces ship one weight and
// no italic: this block declares the file Fontsource does ship for those
// variants, so the canvas measures and paints the letters the PDF embeds
// (the providers snap to the shipped file) and not a bold or a slant the
// browser makes up. It also turns the art manifest into panel resources.

/** faces = { 'Comic Neue': ['400', '700'], Bangers: ['400'] }, as for
 *  loadFonts, after it (and after loadCjkFonts or loadArabicFonts for the
 *  faces of those scripts); the whole FONTS object may be passed. List in
 *  FONTS only what Fontsource ships (Bangers: ['400']): loadFonts fails on
 *  the rest. For each family, the regular, bold, italic and bold italic it
 *  lacks are declared with its nearest file (the regular for the bold, the
 *  upright for the italic) and loaded for `text`. A CJK face needs the cjk
 *  block; an Arabic face setting Arabic, the arabic block. Resolves to the
 *  number of variants added. */
async function loadComicFonts(faces, text = '') {
  kitStatus('Loading fonts…');
  let added = 0;
  try {
    for (const family of Object.keys(faces)) {
      const meta = await fontsourceMeta(family);
      if (!meta) throw new Error(`api.fontsource.org did not describe ${family}: reload to try again`);
      const weights = meta.weights?.length ? meta.weights : [400, 700];
      const styles = meta.styles?.length ? meta.styles : ['normal'];
      for (const [weight, style] of [[400, 'normal'], [700, 'normal'], [400, 'italic'], [700, 'italic']]) {
        if ((weights.includes(weight) && styles.includes(style)) || hasFace(family, weight, style)) continue;
        const w = weights.reduce((a, b) => (Math.abs(b - weight) < Math.abs(a - weight) ? b : a));
        const s = style === 'italic' && styles.includes('italic') ? 'italic' : 'normal';
        for (const { url, range } of await comicFaceFiles(family, w, s, meta, text)) {
          document.fonts.add(new FontFace(family, `url(${url}) format('woff2')`,
            { weight: String(weight), style, unicodeRange: range }));
        }
        await document.fonts.load(`${style === 'italic' ? 'italic ' : ''}${weight} 16px "${family}"`, text || 'A');
        added++;
      }
    }
  } catch (error) {
    kitFail(error);
    throw error;
  }
  return added;
}

/** The files of a shipped face ({ url, range }): a CJK face's slices (the
 *  cjk block reads them from its stylesheet), else latin, the latin-ext
 *  and greek files `text` needs, and the arabic file when `text` holds
 *  Arabic. */
async function comicFaceFiles(family, weight, style, meta, text) {
  if (meta.subsets?.some((subset) => /^(chinese|japanese|korean)/.test(subset))) {
    if (typeof cjkSlices !== 'function') throw new Error(`${family} is a CJK face: list the cjk kit block`);
    return (await cjkSlices(family, weight, style)).map(({ url, range }) => ({ url, range }));
  }
  const id = fontsourceId(family);
  const file = (subset) => `https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fontsource/${id}@5/files/${id}-${subset}-${weight}-${style}.woff2`;
  const files = ['latin', ...kitSubsetsFor(text, meta)].map((subset) => ({ url: file(subset), range: comicRange(subset) }));
  if (meta.subsets?.includes('arabic') && /\p{Script=Arabic}/u.test(text)) {
    if (typeof arabicRange !== 'function') throw new Error(`${family} sets Arabic: list the arabic kit block`);
    files.unshift({ url: file('arabic'), range: arabicRange() });
  }
  return files;
}

/** The unicode-range loadFonts gives a Fontsource file. A function, not a
 *  const: the kit is inlined after the recipe's top-level awaits. */
function comicRange(subset) {
  return {
    latin: 'U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,'
      + 'U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD',
    'latin-ext': 'U+0100-02BA,U+02BD-02C5,U+02C7-02CC,U+02CE-02D7,U+02DD-02FF,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,'
      + 'U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF',
    greek: 'U+0370-03FF',
  }[subset];
}

/** The PDF font provider of a comic in any script: a CJK face goes to
 *  cjkPdfProvider, an Arabic face to arabicPdfProvider, any other to
 *  fontsourceProvider (the "pdf" block). Each embeds the shipped weight
 *  and style nearest to the one asked for, the file loadComicFonts
 *  declared for the canvas. */
async function comicPdfProvider(family, weight, style, request) {
  const subsets = (await fontsourceMeta(family))?.subsets ?? [];
  if (subsets.some((subset) => /^(chinese|japanese|korean)/.test(subset))) {
    if (typeof cjkPdfProvider !== 'function') throw new Error(`${family} is a CJK face: list the cjk kit block`);
    return cjkPdfProvider(family, weight, style, request);
  }
  if (subsets.includes('arabic') && typeof arabicPdfProvider === 'function') {
    return arabicPdfProvider(family, weight, style, request);
  }
  return fontsourceProvider(family, weight, style, request);
}

/** A panel picture as a resource for art= (and pop=): loads `url`
 *  (write asset('lh-arrive.jpg') in the call, so the lint checks the file)
 *  and declares it with `meta`, its entry in the art manifest:
 *  { width, height, alt, safeArea, anchors, avoid }. The safe area is what
 *  every crop keeps, the anchors the speakers' mouths, heads and faces,
 *  the avoid zones what no balloon covers; all in fractions of the picture,
 *  the same in every language. Without width and height, the picture's own
 *  size. Needs the images block. Resolves to the resource. */
async function comicPanel(id, url, meta = {}) {
  const fileId = decodeURIComponent(url.split('/').pop());
  await loadImage(fileId, url);
  let { width, height } = meta;
  if (!width || !height) {
    const bitmap = await createImageBitmap(new Blob([imageBytes(fileId)]));
    ({ width, height } = bitmap);
    bitmap.close();
  }
  return {
    id, typeId: meta.typeId ?? 'figure', kind: 'bitmap', createdAt: 0, updatedAt: 0,
    bitmap: { fileId, format: /\.png$/i.test(fileId) ? 'png' : 'jpeg', width, height },
    ...(meta.alt && { altText: meta.alt }),
    ...(meta.safeArea && { safeArea: meta.safeArea }),
    ...(meta.anchors?.length && { anchors: meta.anchors }),
    ...(meta.avoid?.length && { avoid: meta.avoid }),
  };
}

// ─── /Kit ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

O script.js montado funciona como está: cole-o como script de módulo em qualquer página ou abra a receita no CodePen. Pasta da receita no GitHub ↗ (abre em uma nova aba)

Erros comuns

Erro comum

Marque um texto japonês como 'ja', nunca com zh-Hans nem LANG

As edições de uma receita são en e es, mas uma amostra japonesa é japonesa nas duas: `locale: LANG` a marcaria como inglês ou espanhol, e uma marcação chinesa a comporia pelas regras chinesas (pontuação Kaiming, kana pequeno livre para começar linha, 图 no lugar de 図, formas chinesas dos glifos no PDF). Escreva 'ja': isso escolhe a região do Japão (quebra de linha e pontuação da JLReq, pontos de ênfase em gergelim, espaçamento dos furigana, rótulos 図 e 表) e desativa a hifenização. O lint reprova um texto com kana sob uma marcação zh ou ko. Quebra de linha em japonês (kinsoku) →

Erro comum

Fontes chinesas são carregadas em fatias, pelo bloco cjk

O Fontsource serve uma família chinesa, japonesa ou coreana em cerca de cem arquivos por peso, cada um com um intervalo de caracteres. loadFonts baixa só o arquivo latin, então na tela os caracteres chineses vêm de uma fonte do sistema e são medidos errado, e o fontsourceProvider entrega ao PDF esse arquivo latin, que os imprime como caixas vazias. Inclua o bloco cjk do kit, chame loadCjkFonts(FONTS, markdown) depois de loadFonts (uma vez por voz, com o texto que ela compõe, quando o livro usa várias fontes CJK) e passe a renderToPdf fontProvider: cjkPdfProvider: os dois pegam os arquivos que contêm os caracteres do texto. Fontes chinesas, japonesas e coreanas →

Erro comum

A configuração fica em cache pela identidade: crie um objeto novo

O motor guarda em cache as configurações resolvidas pela identidade do objeto, então alterar uma configuração no próprio objeto e compor de novo reaproveita o resultado antigo. Crie um objeto novo a cada composição; por isso a configuração de uma receita é uma função, config(). Páginas em um canvas →

Erro comum

Carregue todas as fontes antes do layout

O motor de layout mede o texto com as fontes que o navegador carregou e guarda as larguras em cache, então uma fonte que chega depois da primeira composição deixa quebras de linha erradas e um PDF que não corresponde mais à tela. Carregue antes todos os pesos e estilos e chame clearMeasurementCache() antes de recompor quando alguma chegar atrasada. Fontes antes da diagramação →

Ponha à direita o primeiro personagem a falar num quadro. Os balões seguem a ordem de leitura, então, no quadro em que Sora entrega o amuleto, o roteiro dá a primeira fala a Hana, que está à direita. Com Sora falando primeiro, os balões dele ficam do lado dele no quadro, mas as colunas japonesas não deixam espaço embaixo para a resposta de Hana: ela fica ao lado deles, à direita, e é lida primeiro.
Um balão que não encontra espaço no quadro pode atravessar a borda, e o motor avisa (comicBalloonOverflow). Dê uma célula maior ao quadro cheio na divisão antes de encurtar o diálogo.

Créditos

Receita: Ignacio Ferro
Texto: 前の晩 (The Night Before), a two-page kendo manga written for this recipe, with its English, Spanish, Catalan, Chinese and Arabic letterings · Postext Cookbook · CC BY 4.0
Imagens: The school's old wooden kendo dojo at dusk, its doors open and lit · Generated With Diffusion Models · original
Hana alone in the dojo, swinging her bamboo sword overhead · Generated With Diffusion Models · original
Sora peeking round the sliding door with a shrine charm · Generated With Diffusion Models · original
Close-up of Hana's sweating face · Generated With Diffusion Models · original
Sora holding out the charm to Hana · Generated With Diffusion Models · original
Coach Mori in the doorway, backlit, arms crossed · Generated With Diffusion Models · original
Close-up of Coach Mori's small smile · Generated With Diffusion Models · original
Hana tying the charm to her armour while Sora scratches his head · Generated With Diffusion Models · original
Hana and Sora on the school roof at sunset, seen from behind · Generated With Diffusion Models · original
Fontes: Zen Antique (SIL OFL 1.1) · Dela Gothic One (SIL OFL 1.1) · Comic Neue (SIL OFL 1.1) · Bangers (SIL OFL 1.1) · Noto Sans SC (SIL OFL 1.1) · ZCOOL KuaiLe (SIL OFL 1.1) · Playpen Sans Arabic (SIL OFL 1.1) · Lalezar (SIL OFL 1.1)
Código: MIT, como o Postext

Editar este texto ↗ (abre em uma nova aba)Pasta da receita no GitHub ↗ (abre em uma nova aba)

Em poucas palavras

#O que você vai compor

#A resposta curta

#Ingredientes

#Preparo

#1 · Ler no sentido em que o desenho foi feito

#2 · Marcar cada personagem uma vez, sobre o desenho

#3 · Dar a cada idioma os seus balões

#4 · Carregar as fontes de cada edição com as suas palavras

#5 · Pôr o original ao lado de cada edição

#A receita completa

#Erros comuns

#Créditos

Mais das Receitas

Duas tirinhas yonkoma numa página

Um romance chinês vertical, encadernado pela direita

Uma página letreirada em seis idiomas

O que você vai compor

A resposta curta

Ingredientes

Preparo

A receita completa

Erros comuns

Créditos